Hormones And Sexuality

Front 1

Hormones are chemical substances that are released into the bloodstream by ductless _____ glands.

Back 1

Endocrine

Front 2

The testicles produce the "male hormone" _____, and the ovaries produce the "female hormones" _____ and _____

Back 2

testosterone, estrogen, progesterone

Front 3

Hormones from the _____ cause the ovaries and testicles to produce their hormones

Back 3

pituitary gland

Front 4

In adult women, an egg matures on an average of every _____ days.

Back 4

28

Front 5

The pituitary hormone that starts the menstrual cycle is called _____.

Back 5

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Front 6

FSH stimulates the development of a _____ in the ovary

Back 6

follicle

Front 7

During the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle (also called the _____ phase) estrogen from the follicle promotes growth of the _____, inhibits release of _____, and stimulates release of _____.

Back 7

follicular (proliferative), endometrium, FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front 8

The _____ surge signals the onset of _____, at which time the ovum is expelled into the _____ and is picked up by a _____.

Back 8

LH, ovulation, abdominal cavity, Fallopian tube

Front 9

During the postovulatory phase of the cycle, also called the _____ phase, the _____ secretes progesterone in large amounts.

Back 9

luteal (secretory), corpus luteum

Front 10

If the egg is fertilized by a sperm, it normally implants in the _____

Back 10

endometrium

Front 11

If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum degenerates and the _____ is sloughed off and discharged in a normal physiological process called _____

Back 11

endometrium, menstration

Front 12

Although the average length of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, the large majority of women have cycles that vary in length by _____

Back 12

at least 8 days

Front 13

In most nonhuman mammalian species, this cycle of hormonal events is called the _____ cycle.

Back 13

estrous

Front 14

Unlike human women, females of species with this type of cycle are sexually receptive to males only during _____.

Back 14

estrus (ovulation)

Front 15

Some cultures have menstrual _____ that prohibit contact with a menstruating woman.

Back 15

taboos

Front 16

Menstrual discharge consists simply of _____, _____, and _____.

Back 16

sloughed off endometrial tissue, cervical mucus, blood

Front 17

In men, FSH stimulates _____ while _____ stimulates the production of _____ in the Leydig's cells of the testicles.

Back 17

sperm production, luteinizing hormone (LH), male hormones

Front 18

Misuse of anabolic steroids, derivatives of testosterone, can cause serious harmful effects such as _____ (3 examples)

Back 18

high blood pressure; liver, prostate, and breast tumors; impaired reproduction function; masculinization in women; emotional or psychological problems

Front 19

The absence of menstruation is called _____.

Back 19

amenorrhea

Front 20

Emotional and/or physical changes taking place _____ days before the start of menstruation are referred to as _____.

Back 20

3 to 14, premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Front 21

What distinguishes this condition from other emotional states is that it ends _____.

Back 21

with the start of menstruation

Front 22

The major cause of _____, painful menstruation, is an overproduction of _____.

Back 22

dysmenorrhea, prostaglandins

Front 23

Endometriosis refers to a condition in which _____.

Back 23

endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus

Front 24

Women who use tampons but do not change them frequently risk getting a serious bacterial infection called _____.

Back 24

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Front 25

In men, sexual desire appears to be related to circulating levels of _____.

Back 25

testosterone

Front 26

Studies of women after menopause, or after surgical removal of the ovaries, suggest that women's sexual desire is not strongly affected by the hormones _____ or _____.

Back 26

estrogen, progesterone

Front 27

Other studies indicate that the hormone _____ does influence sexual desire in women

Back 27

testosterone

Front 28

True/False: Hormones are important for women's sexual desire, but not for men's.

Back 28

False

Front 29

True/False: Testosterone is found only in men, and estrogen is found only in women.

Back 29

False

Front 30

True/False: All female mammals have menstrual cycles.

Back 30

False

Front 31

True/False: Most women's menstrual cycles are 28 days in length.

Back 31

False (28 days is an average)

Front 32

True/False: It is medically safe for a man to have sexual intercourse with a menstruating woman.

Back 32

True

Front 33

True/False: Women who use tampons should change them three or four times a day, even if the tampons are advertised as long lasting.

Back 33

True

Front 34

True/False: Women show a dramatic increase in sexual desire around the time of ovulation

Back 34

False (there is no strong evidence for this)

Front 35

True/False: Women's ovaries produce new eggs throughout their lifetime.

Back 35

False

Front 36

True/False: Near the end of the postovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle, there is an LH surge

Back 36

False

Front 37

True/False: There is some evidence suggesting that women's menstrual cycles can be altered by odorless body secretions.

Back 37

True

Front 38

True/False: Only women can get toxic shock syndrome

Back 38

False

Front 39

True/False: Estrogen, according to most research, is the primary hormone responsible for sexual desire in women.

Back 39

False

Front 40

Network of ductless glands

Back 40

Endocrine System

Front 41

"male" hormone produced in testicles, ovaries, and adrenal glands

Back 41

Testosterone

Front 42

pituitary hormone that triggers ovulation in women and the production of testosterone in men

Back 42

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front 43

"female" hormone produced in ovaries, testicles, and adrenal glands

Back 43

Estrogen

Front 44

pituitary hormone that stimulates production of sperm and maturation of ova

Back 44

FSH

Front 45

preovulatory phase when pituitary secretes FSH and the follicle secretes estrogen

Back 45

Follicular phase

Front 46

cells surrounding the ovum that are left behind at ovulation

Back 46

Corpus Leteum

Front 47

absence of menstruation

Back 47

amenorrhea

Front 48

postovulatory phase when the corpus luteum begins to secrete large amounts of progesterone

Back 48

luteal phase

Front 49

painful cramps during menstruation

Back 49

dysmenorrhea

Front 50

cramps experienced for about a day during ovulation

Back 50

Mittelschmerz

Front 51

substance produced in the ovaries and testicles that inhibits production of FSH

Back 51

inhibin

Front 52

rupture of the mature ovum into the abdominal cavity

Back 52

ovulation

Front 53

substances that cause contractions of the uterus

Back 53

prostaglandins

Front 54

emotional and/or physical changes that precede menstruation

Back 54

Premenstrual Syndrome

Front 55

endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus

Back 55

endometriosis

Front 56

The gland located at the base of the brain that secretes follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone is the _____ gland

Back 56

pituitary

Front 57

Natural body scents that can affect the behavior of other members of the same species are called _____

Back 57

pheromones

Front 58

Each immature ovum is surrounded by other cells within a thin capsule of tissue to form what is called a _____

Back 58

follicle

Front 59

During ovulation, the cells that surround the ovum in the follicle remain in the ovary and are then referred to as the _____

Back 59

corpus luteum

Front 60

If an egg is fertilized by a sperm and implantation occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone from the developing placenta called _____

Back 60

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Front 61

The hypothalamic hormone that causes release of FSH and LH from the pituitary is called _____

Back 61

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Front 62

In the female hormone feedback loop, LH production is suppressed primarily by _____

Back 62

progesterone

Front 63

In the male hormone feedback loop, LH production is suppressed primarily by _____

Back 63

testosterone

Front 64

The pituitary hormone associated with milk release, labor and orgasmic contractions, and romantic attraction is called _____

Back 64

oxytocin

Front 65

In a woman's menstrual cycle, the fertile period is _____ days before and _____ day after _____

Back 65

5, 1, ovulation

Front 66

In the male hormone feedback loop, FSH production is suppressed by _____.

Back 66

inhibin