Honors Chem Vocab

Front 1

Nitrate

Back 1

NO3-

Front 2

Hydroxide

Back 2

OH-

Front 3

Acetate

Back 3

C2H3O2-

Front 4

Chlorate

Back 4

ClO3-

Front 5

Cyanide

Back 5

CN-

Front 6

Bicarbonate

Back 6

HCO3

Front 7

Carbonate

Back 7

CO32-

Front 8

Sulfate

Back 8

SO42-

Front 9

Chromate

Back 9

CrO42-

Front 10

Dichromate

Back 10

Cr2O72-

Front 11

Phosphate

Back 11

PO43-

Front 12

Ionic Bonds

Back 12

A bond between cations and anions that results in a neutral charge.

Front 13

Covalent bonding

Back 13

A type of bonding that occurs between nonmetal atoms that results in "shared" valence electrons, generally with a charge.

Front 14

Molecule shape: Linear

Back 14

A shape of a molecule, generally covalent, that has a "line" shape, like N2, It has a N-N shape.

Front 15

Molecule shape: Bent

Back 15

A shape of the molecule that looks bent, usually due to lone pairs of electrons that are attatched to the more electronegative portion of the atom. H2O is an example of a bent molecule

Front 16

Molecule shape: Pyramidal

Back 16

Like the name would suggest, pyramidal is a shape that can generally result in polarity going out of the top of a molecule. It must have at least four atoms attatched to eachother.

Front 17

Polar molecules

Back 17

Atoms that have a dipole movement resulting in a molecular movement

Front 18

Molecule

Back 18

Covalently bonded molecules

Front 19

Formula unit

Back 19

Ions that formed a bond with other ions.

Front 20

VSPER

Back 20

Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion

Front 21

London dispersion Forces

Back 21

Forces the intermolecular attractions resulting from the constant motion of electrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles.

Front 22

Dipole

Back 22

Created through an equal but opposite reaction charges that are generally short-lived and minimally effective.

Front 23

Chemical Equation

Back 23

An equation using chemical formulas, using reactants and the bonded materials to show chemical reactions.

Front 24

Precipitate

Back 24

A solid that forms after a chemical reaction occurs, usually made out of excess chemicals.

Front 25

Coefficient

Back 25

A number attached to the whole chemical formula that tells how many of that chemical there are.

Front 26

Synthesis

Back 26

A chemical reaction that occurs when two, generally single atoms, form together to make a single molecule.

Front 27

Decomposistion

Back 27

A chemical reaction that involves one reactant and ends with two outcome, that one reactant breaking apart.

Front 28

Single Replacement

Back 28

A type of chemical reaction that involves a cation and a molecule with a cation, and the single cation takes the other cations place.

Front 29

Double replacement

Back 29

A chemical reaction involving two molecules, where the cations switch places with eachother.

Front 30

Combustion

Back 30

A type of reaction that always involves O2 and can be characterized with its excess energy that is produced.

Front 31

Electrolosys

Back 31

A type of Decomposition that is caused by electric currents

Front 32

Valence electrons

Back 32

Electrons in the outer shell of the atom that control chemical reactions, and how violently they react.

Front 33

Ground-state

Back 33

The lowest potential energy in the shells of an atom where electrons have to expend no energy to fight the repulsion

Front 34

Lewis dot structure

Back 34

A way, if inaccurate, to show the way molecules are arranged in a 2-D plane.

Front 35

Chemical Symbol

Back 35

A shortened way to show an element

Front 36

Electron

Back 36

A subatomic particle that gives atoms a negative charge. It exists in the electron 'cloud' around the nucleus of the atom, which consists of the larger protons and neutrons.

Front 37

Proton

Back 37

A subatomic particle that gives atoms a positive charge.

Front 38

Neutron

Back 38

A subatomic particle that gives atoms no charge, due to its neutral nature.

Front 39

Liquid

Back 39

A phase of matter that has a definite volume and a non-definite shape

Front 40

Gas

Back 40

A phase of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume

Front 41

Solid

Back 41

A phase of matter that has both a definite volume and shape.

Front 42

Kelvin

Back 42

The SI unit for temperature

Front 43

Meter

Back 43

The SI unit for length

Front 44

Second

Back 44

The SI unit for time

Front 45

Mole

Back 45

A form a measurement used to compare different chemicals and elements.

Front 46

Gram

Back 46

SI unit for weight

Front 47

Scientific Notation

Back 47

A form of showing numbers that shortens it, an example is 2.5*10^5 CO2 particles.

Front 48

Accuracy

Back 48

If accuracy is down, the answer is wrong.

Front 49

Precision

Back 49

If precision is down, the answer is correct, but it could be more detailed.

Front 50

Kilogram

Back 50

The mass of 1L of water at 4 degrees celcuius