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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity
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the passing on of characteristics from parent to offfspring
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trait
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characteristics that are inherited
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gamete
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male and female sex cells
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zygote
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a fertilized cell
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fertilization
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when the male gamete meets with the female gamete
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pollination
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the transfer of pollen from a male reproductive organ to a female reproductive organ in a plant is called pollination.
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Hybrid
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the offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait.
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Alleles
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different gene forms
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Dominant
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the observed trait
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Recessive
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disappeared trait
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the law of segregation
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Every individual has two alleles of each gene and when gametes are produced each gamete recieves on of the alleles
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phenotype
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the way an organism looks and behaves is called
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Genotype
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The allele combination an organism contains is known as its genotype
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homozygous
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An organism is homozygous for a trait if its two alleles for the trait are the same.
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heterozygous
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An organism is heterozygous for a trait if its two alleles for the trait differ from each other
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Law of independent assortment
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Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other
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dipoloid
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A cell with two of each kind of chromosome
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haploid
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A cell containing one of each kind of chromosome
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homologous chromosomes
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The two chromosomes of each trait in a diploid cell
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meiosis
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cell division that produces gametes
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sperm
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male gamete
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egg
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female gametes
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sexual reproduction
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a method of reproduction that involves the fusion haploid sex cells
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crossing over
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The randomization that takes place in production of gametes
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Genetic recombination
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randomization from sexual reproduction both from crossing over and trading information with the other parent
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nondusjunction
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the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly
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