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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
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1) What are the dangers of Non Native Species/Exotic Species introduction? |
The introduction of a new species to an ecosystem. Risks are often unknown. May have no predators. May occupy another organisms niche. May interfere with food web. Concerns are for risk to existing species not for non-native species.
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Describe the growth or decline of a population in terms of birth rates and death rates: |
Growth is slow in the beginning, because organisms have to adapt
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What are the steps of the model food chain? (7 steps) |
Producer, Primary Consumer. Secondary consumer, Teritary 3rd consumer, Death. Decomposer.
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Explain Biological Accumulation/Biological Magnification |
The build up of a toxic chemical in the tissues of an organism due to the inability of organisms to process the chemical.
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Name 3 abiotic factors that affect you |
Light, Water, temperature,soil
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Where does all energy in the food chain come from? |
The Producer
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Explain predation? Predators |
Organisms that hurt and eat other organisms. Is this density dependent or independent? Independent
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Name 3 biotic factors that affect you: |
Plants, Animals, Bacteria |
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What is the meaning of the Greek word “Ekos” from which the word Ecology is derived? |
It means home
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What are 3 diagrams used to illustrate the transfer of energy through trophic levels? |
Which is the most realistic? Food Chain, Food Web, Food Pyramid and the food chain is more realistic.
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Draw and label an ecological (food) pyramid with 4 trophic levels:>>>>>>
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DRAW |
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What would steady growth plotted on a graph look like? |
A J
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What is meant by a population having an average growth rate of zero? |
it stays the same.
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Grass is eaten by a rabbit that is eaten by a snake that is eaten by a hawk. If only 100 units of energy were available for the snake, how many units of energy were trapped by the grass? |
__10______ How many are available for the hawk? __`____ How many units of energy were used by the snake in it’s daily activities? __0.1____
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Why does a population grow slowly in the beginning? |
Because of child mortality
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What 2 human activities believed to be contributing to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere possibly causing global warming? |
Breathing and waste
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List two natural processes that return carbon dioxide to the atmosphere? |
Breathing, and running cars burn off fossil fuels which cause them to burn carbon dioxide in the air.
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Draw and label a logistic growth curve.: (label carrying capacity, steady state, and exponential growth)
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DRAW |
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Why does exponential growth not last very long |
Because it is always going to go down.
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20) Identify the following from the Food Web Below:
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____1____Producer (1) _____6___Primary Consumer (3) ______1__Autotroph (1) _____3___Secondary Consumer (3) ____2____1st Level Carnivore (3) ____3____2nd Level Carnivore (2) ___5_____Tertiary Consumer (2) ____6____Omnivore (2) ___4____Top Level Carnivore (1)
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What is the basic shape of a graph showing logistic growth? |
A S
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What is the shape of a graph showing exponential growth? |
a J
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What is the normal function of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? |
Provides us food for plants.
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What is the function of the Ozone Layer? |
Is a high concentration of ozone molecules about 30 to 50 km altitude. The main function of the ozone layer is to absorb the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation, hence protecting the Earth from its harmful effects.
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What may be contributing to the breakdown of the ozone? |
Uv radiation can alter DNA cells causing skin cancer in humans Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by chemicals known as CFC’s
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What 3 places are the majority of Carbon in the carbon cycle normally found? |
1. as organic molecules in living and dead organisms found in the biosphere. 2. as the gas carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. 3. as organic matter in soils.
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Why is the steady state so named, when in reality, it is continuously fluctuating |
Because regardless it is still going to show growth.
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What natural process removes Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere? |
Photosynthesis
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Differentiate between Density Independent and Density Dependent Limiting Factors? |
Density independent factors are limiting factors that affect all populations regardless of their densities whereas density dependent factors only affect populations when they reach a specific density.
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What do Omnivore feed on? |
People eat plants, such as vegetables and fruits. We eat animals, cooked as meat or used for products like milk or eggs. We eat fungi such as mushrooms. |
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How does a Population differ from a Community? |
Population : Group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific area. Community: all the various population in that area.
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Global Warming is believed to be occurring due to? |
climate change
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Define Parasitism. Give two examples: |
One organism benefits and one is harmed.
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What do Scavengers feed on? |
Carrion, a favorite treat of scavengers.
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Define Ecology: |
The study if the relationships and interactions between living things ( organisms) their environment |
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Define Biosphere |
Thin layer surrounding the Earth that contains all the different ecosystems.
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Define Symbiosis:: |
The prefix sym or syn - means ( together”. Bio means life. Symbiosis means literally life together.
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Why does Biological Magnification occur? |
Although the amount of organic matter decreases with increasing trophic levels, the amount of toxins remains the same.
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What is the difference between consumers and producers? |
The producers are autotrophs that is how the manufacture their own food by the process of photosynthesis while consumers feed on the producers.
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Define Mutualism: Give two examples: |
Both organisms benefit. Sea Anemone and Clownfish, Zebra and Ostrich |
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What 3 things allows Exponential Growth to occur? |
Limited food, water, and most of the time humans.
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Energy from the sun is called Chemical energy while energy used within the cells or organisms is called Radiant energy.
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Chemical and Radiant |
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What represents the flow of energy in a Food Web or Food Pyramid? |
Arrows
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Define Trophic Level: |
Each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.
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What is another term for Autotroph? |
Producer
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What is another term for the 1st Carnivore? |
Meat eater |
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What is the function of Decomposers? |
Break down dead plants and animals.
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Define Ecosystem: |
includes the various communities along with non-living things a specific area.
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Define Limiting Factors? |
The factor that limits the reaction rate in any psychological process governed by many variables. The environmental factor that is of predominant importance in restricting the size of a population. Give 3 examples of Limiting factors for a population:
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Where do Herbivores get their energy? |
From the plants that they eat.
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What is meant by the term Non Native Species? |
They are species that have been introduced into new areas that have not historically been part of their native range.
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What are Fossil Fuel? |
A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
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What is the relationship between Prey and Predators? |
Predators - organisms that hurt and eat other organisms. Prey- Organisms that are hunted and eaten. Not considered Symbiosis because it is brief relationship that is not ongoing.
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Heterotrophs are also know as? |
A Consumer
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Another name for the Primary Consumer is? |
Secondary Consumer
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Explain what is meant by Habitat Fragmentation? |
Is the process by which habitat loss results in the division of large, continuous habitats into smaller, more isolated remnants.
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What are the two elements released by pollution that result in Acid Rain? |
Sulfur and Nitrogen
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Why is stress considered a density dependent factor? |
Because everybody in the world stresses about something that goes on in life, and the more they stress about it the harder it becomes to cope with the situation.
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How does urban development contribute to runoff and erosion? |
Vegetation and soil typically allow precipitation to seep into the ground. Only small amounts become runoff.
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What negatives have resulted from the increase in hog farming in NC? |
Large amounts of hog waste has created a disposal problem. Lagoons have been created at farms to hold the waste. Lagoons often leak.
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Explain Carrying Capacity: |
The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat water and other necessities available in the environment.
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Discuss the Reintroduction of the Red Wolf to NC including successes, difficulties, population growth, etc.?
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The red wolf is one of the worlds most endangered canids. The red wolf was designated an endangered species in 1967, and shortly thereafter the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service initiated efforts to conserve the species. Today, more than 100 red wolves roam their native habitats in eastern North Carolina, and nearly 200 red wolves are maintained in captive breeding facilities throughout the United States. A remnant population of red wolves was found along the Gulf coast of Texas and Louisiana. Of the 17 remaining wolves captured by biologists, 14 became the founds of a successful captive breeding program. The found red wolves have to be a pure bred species. By 1987, enough red wolves were in bred captivity to begin a restoration program on Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge in Northeastern North Carolina. In 2013, there were 34 pups born among 7 liters in the wild population, plus one fostered pup. In the captive population there were five pups born within one liter. To protect the red wolf from extinction, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service removed the remaining red wolves from the wold in 1980 and used them to establish a breeding program with the objective of restring the species to a portion of its former range. Only 14 individuals would reproduce to become the founding ancestors of all red wolves existing today.
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What are the causes and negative impacts of NC Beach Erosion? |
Beach erosion is a natural process but human activities speed ( the process destroying, dunes, removing vegetation, etc. Beach erosion is measured by the width of the beach at high tide. Loss of beaches along NC coast due to rising sea levels, storms, and loss of vegetation .
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What are CFC’s? |
Any of a class of compounds of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine, typically gases used in refrigerants and aerosol propellants. They are harmful to the ozone layer in the earth’s atmosphere owing to the release of chlorine atoms upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
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Explain the difference between renewable (sustainable) and nonrenewable (nonsustainable) resources? Give examples: |
Sustainable: After each use, it can be carried forward to be used again exactly as it was to start, ideally forever and with no loss. Perfectly sustainable would be the ideal case. Renewable: After each use, it can be remade or reconstituted to be used again at exactly the same usage standards. Perfectly renewable would be the ideal case. Alternative: It is not the current norm or predominant item in use.
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What is the importance of Nitrogen Fixation Bacteria? Why are they necessary? |
Nitrogen fixation is a process in which nitrogen (N^2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonium (NH4) Atmospheric nitrogen or molecular nitrogen (N2) is relatively inert; it does not easily react with other chemicals to form new compounds.
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Explain the difference between a competition that is intraspecies and one that is interspecies? |
Interspecific competition: is a competition involving organisms of the same species. Intracspecific competition is competition involving organisms of different species.
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