Honors American History, Chapter 5: Changes On The Western Frontier

Front 1

Great Plains

Back 1

the vast grassland that extends through the central portion North America, from Texas northward to Canada, east of the Rocky Mountains

Front 2

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Back 2

the treaty requiring the Sioux to live on a reservation along the Missouri River

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Sitting Bull

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Front 4

George A. Custer

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Front 5

assimilation

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a minority group's adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture

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Dawes Act

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a law, enacted in 1887, that was intended to "Americanize" Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners

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Battle of Wounded Knee

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the massacre by U.S. soldiers of 300 unarmed Native Americans at Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota, in 1890

Front 8

longhorn

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a breed of sturdy, long-horned cattle brought by the Spanish to Mexico and suited to the dry conditions of the Southwest

Front 9

Chisholm Trail

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the major cattle route from San Antonio, Texas, through Oklahoma to Kansas

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long drive

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the moving of cattle over trails to a shipping center

Front 11

Homestead Act

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a U.S. law enacted in 1862, that provided 160 acres in the West to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of household and would cultivate the land for five years;
a law whose passage led to record number of U.S. settlers claiming private property which preciously had been reserved by treaty and by tradition for Native American nomadic dwelling and use;
the same law strengthened in 1889 to encourage individuals to exercise their private property rights and develop homestead out of the vast government lands

Front 12

exoduster

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an African American who migrated form the South to Kansas in the post-Reconstruction years

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soddy

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a home built of blocks of turf

Front 14

Morrill Act

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laws enacted in 1862 and 1890 to help create agricultural colleges by giving federal land to states

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bonanza farm

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an enormous farm on which a single crop is grown

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Oliver Hudson Kelley

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Front 17

Grange

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the Patrons of Husbandry - a social and educational organization through which farmers attempted to combat the power of the railroads in the late 19th century

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Farmers' Alliances

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groups of farmers, or those in sympathy with farming issues, who sent lecturers from town to town to educate people about agricultural and rural issues

Front 19

Populism

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a late-19th-century political movement demanding that people have a greater voice in government and seeking to advance the interests of farms and laborers

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bimetallism

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the use of both gold and silver as a basis for a national monetary system

Front 21

gold standard

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a monetary system in which the basic unit of currency is defined in terms of a set amount of gold

Front 22

William McKinley

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Front 23

William Jennings Bryan

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