Holes A&p Chapter 8 Joints

Front 1

consists of a bone with a globular or slightly egg shaped head that articulates with the cup-shaped cavity of another bone. Allows a wider range of motion than does any other type, permitting movements in all planes, as well as rotational movement around a central axis.

Hip and shoulder

Back 1

Ball-and-socket joint (spheroidal joint)

Front 2

The ovid condyle of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of another bone, as in the joints between the metacarpals and phalanges. This type of joint permits a variety of movements in different planes; rotational movement, however, is not possible.

Back 2

condyloid or ellipsoidal joint

Front 3

The articulating surfaces of this joint are nearly flat or slightly curved. These joints allow sliding or back and forth motion and twisting movements. Most of the joints in the wrist and ankle as well as those between the articular processes of vertebrae, belong to this group. The sacroiliac joints and the joints formed by ribs 2 through 7 connecting with the sternum are also plane joints.

Back 3

plane joints or gliding joints

Front 4

The convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another, as in the elbow and the joints of the phalanges. Permits movement in one plane only.

Back 4

Hinge Joint

Front 5

The cylindrical surface of one bone rotates in a ring formed of bone and a ligament. Movement at such a joint is limited to rotation around a central axis. The joint between the proximal ends of the radius and the ulna, where the head of the radius rotates in a ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and a ligament (anular ligament), is of this type. Functions in the neck as the head turns from side to side.

Back 5

Pivot joint or trochoid joint

Front 6

Forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both have both concave and convex regions. The surface of one bone fits the complementary surface of the other. The physical relationship permits a variety of movements, mainly in two planes, as in the case of the joint between the carpal (trapezium and the metacarpal of the thumb.

Back 6

Saddle joint or sellar joint

Front 7

These joints have a variety of shapes that allow different types of movement. Based upon their shapes and the movements they permit, these joints can be classified into six major types.

Back 7

Synovial Joints

Front 8

Articulating bones connected by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

Synchondrosis and symhysis

Back 8

Cartilaginous

Front 9

Bones united by bands of hyaline cartilage.

Epiphyseal plate (temporary)

Synarthrotic

Example: Joint between the first rib and the manubrium

Back 9

Synchondrosis

Front 10

a pad of fibrocartilage between joints

Limited movement, as when the back is bent or twisted.

Joints between bodies of vertebrae

pubis symphysis
amphiarthrotic

Back 10

Symphysis

Front 11

Articulating bones fastened together by a thin layer of dense connective tissue containing many collagenous fibers

Syndesmosis, Suture, Gomphosis

Back 11

Fibrous Joints

Front 12

A sheet or bundle of fibrous tissue connects bones (interosseous Ligament)

Joint flexible and may be twisted

Amphiarthrotic

Lies between tibia and fibula

Back 12

Syndesmosis

Front 13

Between flat bones

Synarthrotic

Thin layer of connective tissue connects bones

Parietal bones articulate at sagittal suture of skull

Back 13

Suture

Front 14

Cone-shaped process fastened in bony socket by periodontal ligament

Tooth in jawbone

Synarthrotic

Back 14

Gomphosis

Front 15

Immovable

Back 15

Synarthrotic

Front 16

Slightly movable

Back 16

Amphiarthrotic

Front 17

Freely movable

Back 17

Diarthrotic