History Test Chapter 13 14 15

Front 1

Economies of scale

Back 1

Identify the term to describe the fact that corporations make goods more cheaply and because they produce so much so quickly using large manufacturing facilities

Front 2

Blacklist

Back 2

Workers who attempted to organize a union or lead a strike were placed on a which kept them from working

Front 3

American federation of labor

Back 3

Large scale industrial unions generally failed, trade unions continued to prosper. In 1886 trade unions organized led by Samuel gompers

Front 4

Haymarket riots

Back 4

Following this incident union member declined rapidly. This set back the drive to create industrial labor organizations

Front 5

GNP

Back 5

Identify the term for the total value of all goods and services provided by a country

Front 6

Robber barons

Back 6

Identify the term used to describe railroad entrepreneurs

Front 7

Monopoly

Back 7

Identify the term to describe what occurs when a single company gains control of an entire market

Front 8

Bessemer

Back 8

Identify the person who invented a new process for making high quality steel efficiently and cheaply

Front 9

Pacific Railway Act

Back 9

Identify the law which authorized the construction of a transcontinental railroad by two different corperations

Front 10

Workingman’s Party of California

Back 10

Identify the organization located in the west, which was formed to fight Chinese immigration. This organization made opposition to Chinese immigration a national issue

Front 11

Individualism

Back 11

Identify the term for the American belief that regardless of ones origin one can rise to the top of society through talent

Front 12

American Protective Association

Back 12

Identify the organization located in the northeast and Midwest which was anti-cathoilic and anti-foreigners. It declined in membership after the economic recession of 1893

Front 13

Laissez-faire

Back 13

Identify the economic policy in which government did not interfere with industry

Front 14

horizontal integration

Back 14

combining many firms engaged in the same type of businesses into one large corporation.

Front 15

holding company

Back 15

does not produce anything itself, instead it owns stock of companies that do produce goods, it controls all of the companies it owns effectively merging them into one large enterprise

Front 16

Crédit Mobilier

Back 16

Identify the scandal in which investors acting for two companies signed contracts with themselves. They over charged the union pacific for work and the railroad company would then pay the inflated bills to convince other members of congress to give the railroads grants congressman were given shares in the union pacific for prices below the market value

Front 17

arbitration

Back 17

a process in which an impartial third party helps workers and management reach an agreement

Front 18

stockholders

Back 18

Identify the term for people who own a corporation because they own stock and share in the profits of the company through dividends

Front 19

industrial union

Back 19

united all craft workers and commom laborers in a particular industry

Front 20

Entrepreneurs

Back 20

Identify the term to describe people who risk their own capital in organizing and running a business

Front 21

Morrill Tariff

Back 21

Identify the bill passed during the civil war which tripled tariffs

Front 22

Corporation

Back 22

Identify the term for an organization owned by many people but treated by law as though it were a single person

Front 23

Mail order catalogues

Back 23

Identiy the type of retail business which was introduced in the late 1800s for those living in rural areas. Montgomery ward and seas and roebuck are examples

Front 24

vertical integration

Back 24

company owns all of the different businesses on which it depends for its operation.

Front 25

operating costs

Back 25

costs that occur when running a company, such as paying wages and shipping charges and buying raw materials and other supplies

Front 26

fixed costs

Back 26

costs a company has to pay whether or not it is operating

Front 27

lockout

Back 27

if workers formed a union companies often used a – locked workers out from working and therefore no pay

Front 28

pool

Back 28

agreements to maintain prices at a certain level

Front 29

Knights of Labor

Back 29

Following the great railroad strike workers formed the first nationwide industrial union named?

Front 30

Injunction

Back 30

Identify the term for an action which a federal court issues an order directing a union to halt a boycott or strike

Front 31

deflation

Back 31

rise in the value of money

Front 32

trade union

Back 32

limited to people with specific skills

Front 33

trust

Back 33

a legal concept that allows one person to manage another person’s property

Front 34

Nativism

Back 34

Anti-immigration feeling people began to associate immigration with Marxism and anarchism and became suspicious of unions

Front 35

Closed shop

Back 35

Company could only hire union workers

Front 36

Salvation Army

Back 36

Identify the name of the military organization that is a welfare organization based upon Christian principles

Front 37

Alexander Graham Bell

Back 37

Identify the person who along with others in 1877 organized a company which today is AT&T

Front 38

Thomas Alva Edison

Back 38

Identify the person whose company in 1882 started to supply electicity to its new york city customers, his company today is called GE

Front 39

Jay Gould

Back 39

Identify the person who had the worst reputation and used insider trading to manipulate stock prices

Front 40

Eugene V. Debs

Back 40

In 1893 railroad workers created the American railway union under the leadership of

Front 41

John Wanamaker

Back 41

Identify the person who opened in Philadelphia a new large department store,
This department store changed the idea of shopping because it brough together a huge array of different products

Front 42

Louis Sullivan

Back 42

Individual most responsible for the design of the skyscrapper

Front 43

Edwin Drake

Back 43

Identify the person who in 1859 was responsible for drilling the first oil near Titusville pennsylvania

Front 44

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Back 44

Identify the person who was one of the most famous and successful railroad consolidators. He first became rich in building the largest steamboat fleet in American then began construction of new yorks grand central terminal