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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Christopher Colombus
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Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) was an Italian explorer who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, hoping to find a route to India (in order to trade for spices). He made a total of four trips to the Caribbean and South America during the years 1492-1504. He thought he was on the other side of India or Asia.
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Leif Ericsson
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Leif Ericsson (also spelled Eriksson) the Lucky (980?-1020?) was a Viking (Norse) explorer who was possibly the first European to sail to North America.
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Ferdinand Magellan
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Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) was a Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition that sailed around the Earth (1519-1522). Magellan also named the Pacific Ocean (the name means that it is a calm, peaceful ocean).
First explorer to circumnavigate the world. |
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Compass
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A tool that always points North that is used in navigation.
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Hernan Cortez
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Hernán Cortés (also spelled Cortez), Marqués Del Valle De Oaxaca (1485-1547) was a Spanish adventurer and conquistador (he was also a failed law student) who overthrew the Aztec empire and claimed Mexico for Spain (1519-21).
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Monopoly
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The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
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Caravel
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Caravels were broad-beamed ships that had 2 or 3 masts with square sails and a triangular sail (called a lanteen). They were up to about 65 feet long and could carry roughly 130 tons of cargo. Caravels were smaller and lighter than the later Spanish galleons (developed in the 1500's).
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Astrolabe
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Instrument used to determine altitude of objects like stars and the sun.
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What almost wiped out the entire Native American population? Why was this harsher on them than the Europeans? Which specific disease?
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The main reasons the Native Americans were defeated was disease. Chicken Pox was the worst disease. The Native Americans had been isolated and had not developed any immunities towards the disease. They were also defeated because of the weapons, military training, and the fact that the Spanish could make alibis.
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Explain the Encomienda system.
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A system implemented by the Spanish crown that allotted Native Americans to the Spanish colonists who were deserving. The colonist would protect them in exchange for labor.
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Define the Columbian Exchange
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A period of cultural and biological exchange between the new and old worlds. Plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed both European and Native American lives.
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What was Christopher Columbus trying to find on his voyage in 1492?
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The other side of India or Asia.
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What factors aided the conquistadores in their conquest of the Incas and Aztecs?
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They were far more advanced with their weapons and their use of horses. They were also able to make alliances.
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What was the most common reason for European Exploration?
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To find new trade routes that were faster and more efficient.
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How did the crusaders and the European interactions with the Middle East lead to exploration?
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It made them want to better themselves when they saw the things that the middle Easterners had. Crusaders and traders learned about Arab art, architecture, medicine, and mathematics. Since the Arabs were very advanced in science and mathematics.
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How did monopolies like the Silk Road and Venice lead to exploration?
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The Europeans had to pay high taxes and tariffs on the items they were seeking like silk and spices. They decided to look for their own goods so they wouldn't cost as much.
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