5Th Grade History People To Know

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John Cabot

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Tried to find a direct route to Asia. Explored northeast coast of North America. Gave England claim to North America. Explored eastern Canada

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Samuel de Champlain

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French explorer of North America. Founded Quebec, first permanent French settlement in North America.

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Francisco Coronado

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Claimed southwest U.S. for Spain.

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Robert La Salle

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French explorer who claimed Mississippi River Valley for France.

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John Locke

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English philosopher whose ideas influenced the revolutionary movement in America. Believed that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. Believed that government is created to protect the rights of people and has only the limited and specific powers the people consent to give it.

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Sam Adams

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Led patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes.

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Lord Cornwallis

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British General who surrendered at Yorktown.

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Benjamin Franklin

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Prominent member of Continental Congress who helped frame the Declaration of Independence.

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King George III

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British king during the Revolutionary era.

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Patrick Henry

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Outspoken member of House of Burgesses. Inspired colonial patriotism with “Give me Liberty or Give Me Death” speech.

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Thomas Jefferson

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Author of Declaration of Independence. Third U. S. President. Conflicts with Alexander Hamilton led to emergence of two political parties. (Democratic Republicans v Federalists) Favored weak national government and states’ rights. Opposed a national bank. Favored small businesses and farmers. Bought land from France (Louisiana Purchase) that doubled size of U. S. Sponsored Lewis and Clark expedition.

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Thomas Paine

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Journalist during Revolutionary era; author of “Common Sense.”

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Paul Revere

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Patriot who made daring ride to warn of British arrival “The British are coming!”

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“Rosie the Riveter”

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Name given to women who took jobs in defense plants during World War II.

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George Washington

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Commander of the Continental Army during Revolutionary War. First U.S. president.

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Phillis Wheatley

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Former slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence.

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James Madison

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Author of the Bill of Rights, first ten amendments to U.S. Constitution. Leader in drafting U.S. Constitution. Promoted compromise at Constitutional Convention. Supported Virginia Plan of two-house legislature. Called Father of the Constitution.” Fourth U. S. President. War of 1812 fought during his administration.

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Alexander Hamilton

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Federalist leader in conflict with Democratic Republicans represented by Thomas Jefferson. Favored strong national government and national bank.

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James Monroe

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Author of the Monroe Doctrine warning European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere.

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Benjamin Banneker

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African American astronomer and surveyor who helped complete the design for Washington, D.C.

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William Clark

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With Meriwether Lewis explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.

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Meriwether Lewis

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With William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.

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Jo Anderson

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A slave who with Cyrus McCormick invented the reaper that helped increased the productivity of the American farmer.

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Robert Fulton

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Invented the steamboat that provided faster river transportation that connected Southern plantations and farms to Northern industries.

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Cyrus McCormick

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With Jo Anderson, invented McCormick reaper, which helped increase the productivity of American farmer.

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Eli Whitney

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Invented the cotton gin that increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor to cultivate and pick the cotton.

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Susan B. Anthony

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Abolitionist, temperance advocate, and leader in women’s suffrage movement who fought for women’s right to vote.

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Frederick Douglass

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Former slave who escaped to the North and became abolitionist.

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William Lloyd Garrison

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Publisher of Liberator, abolitionist newspaper.

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Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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Abolitionist and leader in women’s suffrage movement.

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Harriet Tubman

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Abolitionist leader who believed slavery was wrong.

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Isabel Sojourner Truth

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Leader of the suffrage movement who believed that women were deprived of basic rights.

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Abraham Lincoln

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President of U.S. during Civil War. Opposed spread of slavery. Issued Emancipation Proclamation; determined to preserve Union. Believed U. S. was one nation, not collection of independent states. Delivered Gettysburg Address.

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Jefferson Davis

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President of Confederate States of America.

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U. S. Grant

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General of Union army who defeated Robert E. Lee ending the Civil War. Lee’s surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in 1865 ended the Civil War.

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Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

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Skilled confederate general from Virginia.

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Robert E. Lee

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Leader of Confederate forces in Civil War. Offered command of Union forces at beginning of war but would not fight against Virginia. Opposed secession but believed Union should not be held together by force. Lee’s surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in 1865 ended the Civil War.

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Clara Barton

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A Civil War nurse who created the American Red Cross.

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Robert Smalls

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Africa America sailor and later a Union naval captain who was honored for his feats of bravery and heroism. Became a Congressman after the Civil War.