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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Holy book of the Muslims
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Koran
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Muhammad had the _______ in the __________ destroyed
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statues in the Kaaba
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Contains some writings that are also in the Bible
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Koran
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Muhammad announced that the ______ ______ was ______ and that Mecca was still a holy city
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black stone was sacred
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Journey to Medina was called the _____
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Hegina or Hijira
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Hegina or Hijira means
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"flight"
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The year marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar
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The Hijira or Hegina
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In _______, many began to follow his teachings
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Medina, Muhammad's
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In AD 630, Muhammad took control of _____
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Mecca
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They were organized into tribes
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Arabs
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Each tribe had a chieftain called a _____
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sheik
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Most ____ worshipped many gods
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Arabs
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______ was considered a holy city
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Mecca
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In Mecca, there was a shrine called the ______- it contained a black stone which the Arabs considered holy
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Kaaba
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The Kaaba contained _______ of _____ _____
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statues of Arab gods
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Many _____ visited the _____ to worship and pray
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Arabs visited the Kaaba
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Born in Mecca (located in present day Saudi Arabia) about AD 579
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Muhammad
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At age 40 he said he was told by an angel that there was only one God adn that he was to be Allah's prophet
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Muhammad
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Muhammad began preaching-his religion was later known as ______
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Islam
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means "submission to the will of Allah"
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Islam
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His follows were called ___________ or _______
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Muslims or Moslems
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Why did the leaders of Mecca oppose him?
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They feared his preaching would decrease the number of people who visited the Kaaba
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What was another reason the businessmen in Mecca feared Muhammed's teachings?
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They feared he was gaining too much power
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Who threatened to kill Mohammed?
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The businessmen of Mecca
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____________ and some followers left ______ and settled in the city of _________
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Muhammad left Mecca and settled in the city of Medina
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A group that lived in the Middle East
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Arabs
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Most were nomads
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Arabs
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More radical
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Shiites
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Today Muslim _________ or _________ (some Sunnites and Shiites have numerous terrorists groups including
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1. Islamic Jihad
2. Homas 3. Al Quaida 4. Hez Bollah |
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When an area was conquered, non-Muslims were given three choices
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1.Become a Muslim
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Name three choices non Muslims faced
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1. become a muslim
2. pay heavy taxes (were allowed to follow own religion, did not have as many rights as Muslims) 3. Die |
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Two main groups of Muslims developed and still exist today
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The Sunnites and the Shiites
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Vast majority of today's Muslims are ______
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Sunnites
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The _____ forbids gambling, eating pork and drinking wine
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Koran
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The Koran forbids eating ______, drinking _____ and ______
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pork wine and gambling
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Muslims do not believe that ______ was a god
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Muhammad
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Five Pillars of Islam
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1. Believe that there is only one God
2.Pray 5 times a day 3. Give alms 4. Fast for Ramadan 5. Take a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once |
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Muslims believe ___________ was a ____________
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Muhammad was a prophet
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They believe Muhammad was the ______ and _______ __________
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last and greatest prophet
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Jesus is considered to be __________ by muslims, however they do not believe he was _____
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a prophet, he was not divine
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Muslim place of worship is called a ______
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mosque
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Each leader of Islam after Muhammad's death was called a ________
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caliph
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Caliph means
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"successor"
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Fighting among Muslims occurred concerning who would be the next caliph-and some of the early
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caliphs were murdered
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Muslim armies conquered large areas in the ________ _____, _____ _______ and ______
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Middle East, North Africa and Spain
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This fighting was called _______ or ____ _____
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jihad or holy war
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Muslims believed those who died in battle would immediately fo to ____________ and _________ ______ _______ ______
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Paradise and recieve great rewards there
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Vast majority of today's Arabs are ______
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Muslims
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Civil service examinations-in order to work for the Chinese government a person had
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to pass these tests
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Printing-invented AD 600, previously all items had to be copied
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by hand
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Invented AD 1000
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Gunpowder
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Name two inventions of the Chinese
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Gunpowder and printing
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Mongols during the Middle Ages conquered most of ____ including _______,______ and ______
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Asia including Russia, India and China
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The Mongols were
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Excellent horsemen
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The Mongols were known for their
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brutality
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The Mongols were known for their
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brutality
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The Mongols carried ___ _______
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few supplies
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The Mongols could ______ at unbelievable _____
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travel at unbelievable speed
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The Mongols sometimes slaughtered _____ cities of________
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whole cities of people
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The Mongols could travel at ______ _____
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unbelievable speed
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Ruler was called "______" which meant _______ or ________
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Khan, which meant ruler or emperor
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The Mongol's most famous emperors were ________ ______ and ____________ _____
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Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan
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First person to unite the warring tribes
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Ghengis Khan
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Formed a huge army
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Ghengis Khan
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Lived 1216-1227, Grandson of Genghis Khan
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Kublai Khan
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Ruled all of China
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Kublai Khan
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Made Beijing, China one of the world's most magnificent cities
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Kublai Khan
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Kublai Khan's empire was visited by an Italian merchant named
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Marco Polo
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Spent many years in China
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Marco Polo
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Later he wrote a book about his visits
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Marco Polo
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Until _____'s trip Europeans knew little about ___
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Polo's, China
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Japanese believed the emperor was a descendant of the __ _____________
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sun goddess
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Japanese believed emperors were _______ even until the ________ ___________
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divine, even until the twentieth century
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Oldest religion in Japan
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Shinto
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This religion that is exclusive in Japan is polytheistic
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Shinto
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Gods were called "______"
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kami
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________ is a form of ________ _________, the gods and spirits were believed to be everywhere in nature
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Shinto is a form of nature worship
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This Japanese religion has not spread to other countries
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Shinto
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____________ and _______________ later became popular in Japan
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Buddhism and Confucianism
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Some Japanese practice more that one of these three religions
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Buddhism, Shintoism, Confucianism
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Early Japan was divided into ______
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clans
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Early Japan was dvided into clans (similar to tribes
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groups of related families
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Emperor was a _____________, the real power was held by _
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figurehead, the real power was held by clan leaders
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Title of Japan's supreme military commander (top general) was a ______________
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shogun
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The ________ was supposed to be under the emperor's control, bu the ______ actually had more power
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shogun
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Soldiers similar to European knishts during the Midle Ages
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Samurai
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Only they were permitted to carry swords
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Samurai
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Code of conduct samurai had to follow
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Bushido
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If they failed to follow Bushido, they were expected to commit a ritual suicide called _______ or ______
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seppuku or hara-kiri
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___________ _______ twice sent invading forces of Mongols to try to capture Japan
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Kublai Khan
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In the second attempt, many of the Mongol ships were destroyed by a _______
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tyhpoon
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The Japanese called the typhoon the ___________ or "_________ ______"
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Kamikaze or divine wind
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Japanese pilots during World War Two who deliberately crashed into ships were called ___________ ____
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kamikaze pilots
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The first people to settle in North, Central and South America probably came from Asia across teh ________ ______ (off the coast of present-day Alaska_
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Bering Strait
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The first people to settle in North, Central and South America were later called
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Indians
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Name three advanced Indian civilization
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1. Mayas
2. Aztecs 3. Incas |
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Settled on the Yucatan Peninsula ( in present day Mexico) and in nearby areas of central America
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Mayas
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Lived in central Mexico, capital city located on the site of present day Mexico City, offered human sacrifices to please their gods.
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Aztecs
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lived in the andes mountains of south america
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incas
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