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137 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
This group invaded India about 1200 BC..they later invaded it
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The Aryans
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Loved war
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The Aryans
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These people were from the area in and around present day Russia
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Aryans
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These ______ destroyed man of the advancements that had been made by the early Indians
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The Aryans
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Were light skinned
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Aryans
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Holy books of the areas
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The Vedas
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Contained hymns, poems, legends, prayers and religious practices of the Aryans
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The Vedas
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The Aryans developed a ____ _____
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caste system
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strict class system
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caste system
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Highest class
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The Brahmans
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The Brahmans were made up of what people and their families?
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The priests and their families
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What were the priest's jobs?
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To study and teach the Vedas
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What people made up the second highest class?
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Rulers and warriors
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Group that led the army and governed
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The second highest class made up of rulers and warriors
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The third class was made up of ____ and ____
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artisans (skilled workers) and merchants
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Included land-owning farmers
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The third class
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The fourth class was made up of _____ _____, ______ and ______
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unskilled workers, servants and peasant farmers
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The lowest group was called ___ or ______
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"outcasts" or "untouchables"
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Did not belong to any class
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The lowest class or untouchables
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This religion developed mainly from Aryan religious beliefs
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Hinduism
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Became and still is the largest religious group in India
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Hinduism
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Had no single founder
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Hinduism
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Hinduism believes that _____ and ____ have ____, therefore _____ should not be hunted, killed, harmed or eaten
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animals and people have souls, therefore animals
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The supreme, universal and eternal spirit is
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Brahman
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What is the goal of Hindus?
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To unite with Brahman
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This is accomplished by being ________ many times until _________ is reached
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reincarnated until perfection is reached
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Some people will never reach _____ and will continue to be reincarnated
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perfection
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The form a person takes in reincarnation is determined by a person's _____
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karma
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What is karma?
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his behavior in this life and in any previous lives
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The ___ is the most sacred animal
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cow
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There are _________ of Hindu gods (also called __)
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hundreds, also called polytheism
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_____ adopted the caste system from the ____
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Hindus from the Aryans
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The Hindus adopted the ___ _____ from the Aryans
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caste system
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Hindus believed a person born into a certain caste because of his _____
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karma
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Placed a strong emphasis on the ____ _____
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caste system
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A person remained in the class of his ____
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parents
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Marriage out of your class was __ ________
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not allowed
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Rarely was _______ with someone of another class _________
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eating with someone of another class allowed
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In recent years, the government of India outlawed catrgorizing people as an
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untouchable
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Today, the caste system exist bit is weaked, it is strongest in the ____ ____
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rural areas
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The most sacred river is the ___ ____
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Ganges River
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This religion began in India about 500 BC
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Buddhism
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Who was the founder of Buddhism?
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Prince Siddhartha Gautama
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Was an Indian prince who became very discontent with Hinduism
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Siddhartha Gautama
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He was later called the Buddha
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Prince Gautama
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The Buddha means
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"the enlightened one"
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Who rejected the caste system?
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Prince Gautama
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Who did not believe in the many Hindu gods?
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Prince Gautama
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____ believes in reincarnation as does___
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Buddhism as does Hinduism
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Goal is to reach nirvana
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Buddhism
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Believes suffering is caused by our desires
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Buddhism
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Nirvana can only be achieved by knowing _ _________ and following the ______________ ______
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the four noble truths and following the eightfold path
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Hinduism and Buddhism both believe in _________-
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reincarnation
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Hvae goal of reaching a state of peacefullness and perfection
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Hinduism and buddhism
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Believe that a person's reincarnated state is determined by ther person's karma
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Buddhism and Hinduism
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In Buddhism, state of perfection is callled
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nirvana
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In Hinduism, state of perfection is called
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union with Brahman
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Believes in caste system
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Hinduism
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Does not believe in the caste system
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Buddhism
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Hinduism has ________
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no single founder
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Buddhism has ______ ______
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one founder
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Today, Buddhism has ____ major branches
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two
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One worships _____ as a ___, even though he never claimed he was a god
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Buddha as a god
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The other believes _______ was a great _____ who was ____ a god
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Buddha was a great teacher who was not a god
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Today in India, there are relatively few
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Buddhists
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Most popular today in ____, ____and ____ and other parts of East Asia
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Japan, China and Korea
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Who ordered the connecting and extending of these wals and towers that resulted in the Great Wall of China?
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Qin Shihuangdi
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Was a member of the ___ dynasty and therefore often called ___ __________
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Quin, Quin Shihuangdi
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The first leader to unify most of ancient China, which lasted for only a few years
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Shihuangdi
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Name means "First Emperor"
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Shihuangdi
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Often ruthless
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Shihuangdi, the first emperor
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Earlier, CHinese leaders had built some _____ and ___________ to keep out _____ _____ that invaded CHina from the __
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walls and watchtowers to keep out nomadic invaders that invaded China from the North
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How far did the Great Wall of China cover?
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14,000 miles
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Who did the work on the Great wall?
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thousands of peasants and prisoners
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What was discovered in Shihuandi's tomb?
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thousands of pottery (terra cotta) soldiers
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Chinese teacher and philosopher
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Confucius
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His saying are now well-known
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Confucius
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He emphasized respect for ______ especially for parents and other elders
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family, Confucius
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The religion of Confucianism has _____ of followers today-primarily ________
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millions, primarily Chinese
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Religious group that started in China
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Daoism or Taeism
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Dao means "__ ___"
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the way
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Daoism ephasizes living a ________ ___
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simple life
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__________ _______-very important part of ancient Chinese culture
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Ancestor worship
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The route that caravans and traders followed from China tothe Mediterranean Sea beginning about A.D. 100
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Silk Road
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Goods such as __________ ___ were sent along this route
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Chinese silk
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Written records began about _____ B.C.
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3500
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The collapse of the ________ ________ ________ marked the end of ancient history
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western Roman Empire
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The MIddle Ages were from _____ A.D. to ______ A.D.
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500-1500
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The Middle Ages were also called
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The Medieval Period
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The first half of the period is sometimes called the _____ Ages
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Dark
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_____ forces brought an end to the Middle Ages-name these
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Three-The Renaissance, the Reformation and the Exploration Period
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Modern History- A.D ---- to the present
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1500
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Name for the eastern part of the Roman Empire
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Byzantine
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What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
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Constantinople
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what existed until A.D. 1453?
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The byzantine empire
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The capital was the city of ___________ which was named by _________, earlier had been called____________
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Constantinople, which was named by Constantine, earlier had been called Byzantium
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Because of _______'s location, it became a trading center
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Constantinople, or Istanbul or Byzantium
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Today it is called ________ and is in present day Turkey
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Istanbul (Constantinople)
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Because of ______'s location, it became a ________ ______
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Constantinople, a trading center
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_______________ was well defended
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Constantinople
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Had triple walls
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Constantinople
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Ruled the Byzantine Empire from A.D. 527 to 565
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Justinian
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Dreamed of ______ and ______ the entire Roman empire
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Justinian, reuniting and reviving
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Reconquered a portion of the western empire that had fallen under the control of "barbarian" tribes
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Justinian
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Good news
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Reconquered a portion of the western empire that had fallen under the control of "barbarian tribes"
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In the process of reconquering, many cities (including ____ were destroyed and had to be _______ *good or bad news?
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Rome, rebuilt
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This fighting drained the _________ ______ *good or bad news?
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Byzantine treasury *bad news
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Most of the areas reconquered were conquered again by _______ shortly after Justinian's death *good or bad news
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barbarians, bad news
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Name Justinian's greatest accomplishment
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Simplifying and reorganizeing the laws of the empire
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The revision of the laws were called ____ _______ ___ _______
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The Code of Justinian
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______________ ________ later used this code to set up their legal sustems
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European countries
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The dominant Christian church in the area where the western part of the Roman Empire had existed was the ______ _____ ________ (headed by the ____
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Roman Catholic Church, headed by the Pope
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The dominant church in the BYZANTINE EMPIRE was the ______________ ____
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Eastern Orthodox church
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This church also became the leading church in Russia (called the Russian Orthodox church_
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Eastern Orthodox
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Called the Greek Orthodox Church
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Eastern Orthodox
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Called the Russian Orthodox church
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Eastern church
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Built by Justinian
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Hagia Sophia
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Beautiful Christian church in Constantinope
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Hagia Sophia
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Today is a museum
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Hagia Sophia
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Constantinople was overthrown by a tribe called the
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Ottoman Turks (they were Muslims
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What happened A.D. 1453?
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Constantinople was overthrown by the Ottoman TUrks and the Byzantine empire ended this year
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By 1800's, many Slavs had settled in __
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Russia
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Later _____ moved into Russia
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Vikings
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______ eventually merged with the _
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Vikings with the Slavs
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Were also called Norsemen or Northmen
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Vikings
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The word Russia probably came fro mthe name of a _____ tribe, the ___
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Viking tribe, the Rus
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A group of nomadds from the present day area of Mongolia
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Mongols
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located between Russia and China
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Mongolia
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In A.D. 1240, they conquered ___
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Russia
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______ were allowed to govern their area as long as they ____ _____ to the Mongols-the Mongols frequently allowed conquered people to do this
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Russians-as long as they paid tribute to the Mongols
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By A.D. 1500 ----- was able to break away from -------
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Russia-Mongol
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Title for Russian rulers
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czar
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Also spelled "tsar"
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czar
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Russian word for Caesar
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czar
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What happened in AD 500?
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Ancient History lasted up until this date
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The Middle Ages were from what towhat?
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AD 500-AD 1500
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Modern history runs from
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AD 1500-present
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