History Of Psychology 2 - Act School And Gestalt

Front 1

Wertheimer

Back 1

Gestalt movement co-founder, phi phenomenon (no sensory elements for movement), synthesis over analysis

Front 2

Kohler

Back 2

Gestalt, Tenerife apes - insight not trial and error, 'Mentality of the Apes' --> best advocatge of Gestalt, transposition phenomenon - learn concept not response

Front 3

Koffka

Back 3

study with Stumpf, Gestalt

Front 4

Lewin

Back 4

work with Wertheimer, Koffka, Kohler; social research to reduce prejudice, sensitivity training, extend Gestalt to personality/needs/social dynamics, science develop in 3 stages (speculative, descriptive and constructive), Field Theory (ideas in mind are influenced by psych field, topology, hodological space; goal of beahvior is to release tension

Front 5

Mach

Back 5

transpose music melodies to geometric forms, sensations native and holistic

Front 6

von Ehrenfels

Back 6

gestalt qualitate - holistic qualities, melody = holistic qualities

Front 7

Zeigarnik

Back 7

no tension to remember act when finished, hard to recreate act when completed

Front 8

stroboscope

Back 8

prototype of motion picture projector, used by Weetheimer to share phi phenomenon motion perception

Front 9

field theory

Back 9

Lewin, ideas in mind existed in and were influenced by psychological field much like physical world is affected by physics and gravity

Front 10

phi phenomenon

Back 10

illusion of movement, Wertheimer --> no sensory elements for movement - can't reduce

Front 11

topology

Back 11

ordinal/qualitative space relationship

Front 12

hodological space

Back 12

hull outside of mind, Lewin

Front 13

Gestalt learning theory

Back 13

learning through insight, not trial and error, insight to solution/goal

Front 14

transposition

Back 14

Kohler, reduction approach, apes chose larger box not because its novel but learn concept of larger, not the response

Front 15

Law of Pragnantz

Back 15

simplicity is key, fundamental Gestalt principle, all perception moves to simplest explanation,

Front 16

perceptual constancy

Back 16

stability of perception in changin sensations, size constance, light, etc.

Front 17

psychological isomorphism

Back 17

Gestalt recognition that all content of mind are only represenations of world and not real world itself

Front 18

Wertheimer's 'Experimental Studies on the Perception of Movement'

Back 18

marks beginning of Gestalt movement

Front 19

Kofka's 'The Growth of the Mind'

Back 19

on child development, well recevied in US and Germany

Front 20

Kofka's 'Perceptions: An Introduction to Gestalt Theory'

Back 20

started interest in Gestalt movement

Front 21

Kohler's 'Mentality of the Apes'

Back 21

established Kohler as best advocate of Gestalt position

Front 22

Impact of act school on Wundtian structuralism

Back 22

1 - challenged Wundt to introspect the elements from perceived apparent motion (couldn't)
2 - challenged to perceptual constancy - exaplain constancy for perception when changing reductionism sensations