History Of Fashion Exam 2

Front 1

Maat

Back 1

(Egypt)
term for justice, righteousness, and order

Front 2

Spanish Farthingale

Back 2

(Spanish Golden Age)

Cone-shaped under-structure/petticoat that originates in Spain during the 16th C.

Front 3

Busk

Back 3

(Spanish Golden Age)

Center "bone" or stiffener of a corset or bodice

Front 4

Bolster

Back 4

(Spanish Golden Age)

Padded donut shaped hip roll

Front 5

Ruff

Back 5

(Spanish Golden Age)

Decorative device worn at the neck or sleeve cuff

Front 6

Spanish Armada

Back 6

(Spanish Golden Age)

a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in August 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England

Front 7

El Greco

Back 7

(Spanish Golden Age)

a painter, sculptor and architect of theSpanish Renaissance

Front 8

Pizarro

Back 8

(Spanish Golden Age)

a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire.

Front 9

Atahualpa/Incan Empire

Back 9

(Spanish Golden Age)

the largest empire in pre-Columbian America.The administrative, political, and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century, and the last Inca stronghold was conquered by the Spanish in 1572.

Front 10

Baroque

Back 10

Period of European architecture, music, and art of the 17th and Early 18th C.

Adj.: "highly ornate and extravagant", originates from Portuguese barroco or Italian baracco meaning "irregular pearl"

Front 11

Enlightenment

Back 11

The phase of the baroque where "light became a metaphor for truth" in an age of "rational thought" - from this concept came the term "enlightenment"

Front 12

Buff Coat

Back 12

(Early Baroque)

Pale tan colored suede or soft leather coat worn for protection, generally worn while traveling

Front 13

Bucket Boots

Back 13

(Early Baroque)

Very wide, full boots large turn back cuffs

Front 14

Millstone Rough

Back 14

(Early Baroque)

Very large, flat ruff

Front 15

Falling Collar

Back 15

(Early Baroque)

Large soft collar that falls over the shoulders, originated from the ruff

Front 16

Falling Ruff

Back 16

(Early Baroque)

Soft ruff that falls over the shoulders, not stiffened or starched

Front 17

Van Dyke (Van Dyck) Beard

Back 17

(Early Baroque)

Pointed chin beard with detached, full, curled moustache

Front 18

Love Lock

Back 18

(Early Baroque)

Long tail or braid of hair worn to one side and pulled over the front of the shoulder, often a "token" to an intended admirer

Front 19

Butterfly Spurs

Back 19

(Early Baroque)

Large "butterfly" shaped decor on the top arch of the boot

Front 20

Gauntlet

Back 20

(Early Baroque)

Flared "cuff" attached to glove for wrist/forearm protection

Front 21

17th C. Kings of England

Back 21

James I (1603-1625)

Charles I (1625-1648)

~ Civil War ~ (1642-1648)

Cromwell (1648-1660)

~Restoration~

Charles II (1660-1685)

James II (1685-1688)

Wm & Mary (1689-1702)

Front 22

17th C. Kings of French

Back 22

Henry IV (1598-1610)

Louis XIII (1610-1643)

Louis XIV (1643-1715)

Front 23

17th C. Artists

Back 23

Peter Paul Rubens, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Caravaggio, Jacques Callot, Bernini, Caracci, Frans Hals, Rembrandt van Rijn, Indigo Jones, Vermeer, van Horthorst

Front 24

17th C. Scholars/Writers/Composers

Back 24

Galileo, Kepler, Copernicus, Descartes, Pascal, Milton, Moliere, Racine, Vivaldi, Bach, Handel

Front 25

Chionoserie

Back 25

(Rococo)

In the Chinese style, Chinese/Oriental influence

Front 26

Justacorps

Back 26

(Rococo)

Originates from the late 17th C. Cassock, but longer in the body and sleeves with a full skirt and wide cuffs, generally buttoned only at the waist

Front 27

Crapaud or Hair Bag

Back 27

(Rococo)

Small bag to hold a ponytail (queue)

Front 28

Queue

Back 28

(Rococo)

The ponytail of a wig or natural hair

Front 29

Solitaire

Back 29

(Rococo)

Black neck ribbon worn over the cravat

Front 30

Brandenberg Greatcoat

Back 30

(Rococo)

Longer, fuller version of the Justacorps, usually worn as an overcoat or traveling coat

Front 31

Style Anglaise

Back 31

(Rococo)

in the style of the English, a dress worn whose bodice closes and buttons int he front without the use of a stomacher

Front 32

Robe a la francaise

Back 32

(Rococo)

in the style of the french, a dress whose bodice closes in the front with a use of a stomacher

Front 33

Sacque or Sack gown

Back 33

(Rococo)

Loose fitting "house gowns" w/ a cape like box-pleated back which falls from the shoulders

Front 34

Watteau Gown

Back 34

(Rococo)

Common term for the sacque/sack gown, named after the artist who immortalized the gown

Front 35

French Robe

Back 35

(Rococo)

The court dress accompanied by a skirt w/very wide panniers

Front 36

Panniers

Back 36

(Rococo)

Wide "hip buckets" worn to widen the skirt at the hips, also called the French Farthingale when accompanying the French Rober at Court

Front 37

Leghorn

Back 37

(Rococo)

Hat made of fine yellow straw with a large flat brim

Front 38

Mobcap

Back 38

(Rococo)

Soft gathered cap, originated on the wealthy women, later the standard headwear for household staff

Front 39

Fichu

Back 39

(Rococo)

A "modesty" shawl worn over the shoulders, made of sheer silk, linen, or fine cotton

Front 40

Pompadour

Back 40

(Rococo)

Soft, restrained "up do set close to the head in shades of white, silver, and gray. The most popular hairstyle of the 18th C., named after Mme. de Pompadour

Front 41

Bows 'a la 'echelle

Back 41

(Rococo)

Bows diminishing in scale as decor on a stomacher

Front 42

Engageante

Back 42

(Rococo)

Shaped and graded sleeve flounce of fine fabric or lace, often 2 or 3 staggered layers

Front 43

Ruching

Back 43

(Rococo)

gathered bands of fabric used as decorative trim

Front 44

Festoons

Back 44

(Rococo)

swags of garlands, lace or flowers

Front 45

Passementerie

Back 45

(Rococo)

French term covering a wide range of trims including brains, tassels, buttons, cords, and fringes using silk and metal threads. Thick textural decoration with metal threads

Front 46

Rococo English Artists

Back 46

Hogarth, Reynolds, Gainborough

Front 47

Rococo French Artists

Back 47

Watteau, Boucher, Fragonard

Front 48

Rococo Middle Class French Artists

Back 48

Chardin, Greuze

Front 49

Polonaise

Back 49

(Georgian)

A popular walking costume, ankle length, with the skirt pulled up in voluminous swags

Front 50

Redingote Gown

Back 50

(Georgian)

Originated as an English riding habit, this feminine term describes the double-breasted jacket with wide lapels and the coordinating or matching skirt with a train. This jacketed gown was considered mannish

Front 51

Levite Gown

Back 51

(Georgian)

another term for a Redingote Gown

Front 52

Carcaro

Back 52

(Georgian)

Fitted jacket-like bodice

Front 53

Therese

Back 53

(Georgian)

a large "bag" or hood worn to protect the hair, often with wire cage interior

Front 54

Calash

Back 54

(Georgian)

"convertible" hood to cover large hair dos

Front 55

Cameos

Back 55

(Georgian)

Type of jewelry made from shells or mother-of-pearl, return from antiquity

Front 56

Hedgehog

Back 56

(Georgian)

feminine "country" hairstyle created when the pompadour loses its height and grows in width in a natural fullness and color, or slightly powdered

Front 57

Rose Berlin

Back 57

(Georgian)

The dress maker of Marie Antoinette

Front 58

Macaroni Club

Back 58

(Georgian)

Young gentlemen from London who traveled the continent for sport, dressing in outrageous fashions, including multiple patterns (stripes, chevrons) and large hairstyles, often topped with a tiny tricorne

Front 59

Stock

Back 59

(Georgian)

Type of cravat: long narrow necktie often with decorative lace ends. Wraps the neck several times and ties/knots in the front

Front 60

Toupet

Back 60

(Georgian)

Powdered wig w/rows of curls over the ears

Front 61

Cockade

Back 61

(French Rev)

A rosette or similar ornament worn on the side of the hat, baldric knee or shoe

Front 62

Bicorne

Back 62

(French Rev)

A two corned hat, derives from the tricorne

Front 63

Sans Culottes

Back 63

(French Rev)

Name given to the Revolutionaries to distinguish themselves from the aristocrats who wore knee breeches (in french: culottes)

Front 64

Tricoteuse

Back 64

(French Rev)

name given to the blood-thirsty women who flocked to the guillotines, knitting and cheering on decapitations

Front 65

Mervielleuse

Back 65

(French Rev)

High fashion female revolutionaries, literally means the marvelous ones

Front 66

Incroyables

Back 66

(French Rev)

High fashion male revolutionaries, literally means "the incredible ones"

Front 67

French Rev Artists

Back 67

Fragonard, Gainsborough, Jacques-Louis David, Reyonlds, Copley, Boilly, Ralph Earl (American), Trumball, Benjamin West, Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun

Front 68

Petticoat/Rhinegrave Breeches

Back 68

(Late Baroque)

Exaggerated "skirt breeches" with origins in the bases of early 16th C. German Style

Front 69

Peruke/Perwig

Back 69

(Late Baroque)

Term for wig, particularly for men. It comes form the French perruque which means head of hair

Front 70

Full-bottomed wig

Back 70

(Late Baroque)

Below the shoulder length male wig with full curls, later with two curled "horns" on top of the head in imitation of the the ladies' fontage

Front 71

Cravat

Back 71

(Late Baroque)

Any type of male neckware or dressing that is not a collar

Front 72

Jabot

Back 72

(Late Baroque)

"Frill" or ruffle on the shirt or cravat front

Front 73

Rabat

Back 73

(Late Baroque)

Falling collar that butts at the front, orig. from Cavalier collar

Front 74

Cassock

Back 74

(Late Baroque)

Long fitted jacket with short or 3/4 sleeves w/ large turn back cuffs and full skirt

Front 75

Waistcoat

Back 75

(Late Baroque)

Aka vest

Front 76

Steinkirk

Back 76

(Late Baroque)

Neck scarf/cravat loosely tired around the enck, and twisted into the waistboat or looped thru a buttonhole. Orig. from french at Battle of Steinkirk

Front 77

Tricorne hat

Back 77

(Late Baroque)

Literally a 3 corned hat

Front 78

Fontage

Back 78

(Late Baroque)

French headress with rows upon rows of upstanding, wires, and pleated lace ruffles of lace or hair

~ marge simpon ~

Front 79

Commode style

Back 79

(Late Baroque)

England & US, a simplified version of the french fontage