Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Natural Rights
|
Political theory of certain rights given to U.S. Citizens (life, liberty and property)
|
|
|
Articles of Confederation
|
Agreement among the 13 original states dividing of power equally (failed government)
|
|
|
Constitution
|
Fundamental Laws of the U.S.
|
|
|
Declaration Of Independence
|
Statement declaring American colonial independence from Britain
|
|
|
Federalist Papers
|
Papers written to convince states to ratify the constitution
|
|
|
Bill of Rights
|
Amendments of the constitution protecting the people
|
|
|
Separation of Powers
|
Constitution divides power among 3 separate branches of the federal government. It ensures that no branch becomes too powerful.
|
|
|
Checks and Balances
|
Each branch has power that checks, or limits, the powers of the other 2 branches
|
|
|
Electoral College
|
How we elect the president of the U.S., it's to make sure that no ONE region controls who becomes president
|
|
|
Propaganda
|
one-sided info used to influence people
|
|
|
Branches Of Government
|
Executive, Judicial, Legislative
|
|
|
Executive
|
Execute laws (president)
|
|
|
Judicial
|
Supreme court enforces
|
|
|
Legislative
|
Congress makes laws
|
|
|
Transcontinental Railroad
|
Unified the entire country with a train track that went from east to west
|
|
|
Union Pacific
|
Was to start near Omaha, and built westward
|
|
|
Central Pacific
|
Was to start in California and built eastward
|
|
|
Chief Joseph
|
A chief for the Nez Perce that fought for his people rights
|
|
|
Williams Jennings Bryan
|
He was the populist movement leader, great orator, ran for president 3 times and gave a famous speech called "Cross of Gold"
|
|
|
Homestead Act
|
In order to encourage westward expansion the government gave away 160 acres plots of land in the mideast
|
|
|
Monopoly
|
Complete control of an industry, product, or service
|
|
|
Capitalism
|
An economic system where businesses are privately owned and people work for wages
|
|
|
Robber Baron
|
Person who made a lot of money by using unfair business practices
|
|
|
Tenement
|
A run-down, overcrowded apartment
|
|
|
Sweatshop
|
Workplace where employees work long hours and have bad working conditions
|
|
|
Thomas Edison
|
An inventor of the light bulb and photography
|
|
|
Booker T. Washington
|
African American leader who founded the Tuskegee Institute that taught practical skills
|
|
|
W.E.B. DuBois
|
An African American leader who criticized Washington and thought blacks should aim for higher education
|
|
|
Andrew Carnegie
|
He controlled the steel industry and later became o philanthropist
|
|
|
John D. Rockefeller
|
He was powerful in the oil industry. He was a robber baron but later became a philanthropist
|
|
|
Plessy vs. Ferguson
|
Supreme court case that said segregation was legal--"separate but equal"
|
|
|
Freedman's Bureau
|
An organization set up by Congress after the Civil War to help ex-slaves with jobs, legal needs, and education
|
|
|
Black Codes
|
Laws passed by Southern states after the Civil War to limit the rights of former slaves
|
|
|
Radical Republicans
|
Members of Congress during/after the Civil War who wanted to free the slaves immediately and favored a strict Reconstruction afterward
|
|
|
Reconstruction
|
The period from 1865 to 1877 during which the federal government controlled the states that had belonged to the Confederacy during the Civil War
|
|
|
13th Amendment
|
Prohibited slavery in any state
|
|
|
14th Amendment
|
Gave all African Americans citizenship
|
|
|
15th Amendment
|
Gave all males the right to vote
|
|
|
Progressive
|
Believes life can be improved by government reform
|
|
|
Philanthropist
|
Person who works to help mankind
|
|
|
Muckraker
|
Journalist who writes articles about injustice and corruption
|
|
|
Jane Addams
|
Progressive who fought for child labor laws and sanitation reform; opened the Hull House
|
|
|
Jacob Riis
|
A photographer who took pictures of how people were living in urban tenements so the rest of the world could see
|
|
|
Upton Sinclair
|
A muckraker who wrote The Jungle which exposed problems in the meat industry
|
|
|
Imperialism
|
The control of various countries around the globe by one country
|
|
|
Theodore Roosevelt
|
He was a progressive who became president after William McKinley was assassinated. He made sure the Panama Canal was built and was very popular with the American public.
|
|
|
"Seward's Folly"
|
A nickname that Americans gave Alaska because they believed it was an arctic wasteland
|
|
|
Panama Canal
|
A canal that the United States built in order to allow ships to cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean (and vice versa) without sailing around South America
|
|
|
Yellow journalism
|
Biased journalism that exaggerates and makes up details in order to entertain and sell papers
|
|
|
Hull House
|
A famous settlement house in Chicago that was opened by Jane Adams
|
|
|
What problems existed under the Articles of Confederation?
|
The states had too much power,no strong national government (couldn't collect taxes,couldn't fund an army, couldn't print money)
|
|
|
What problem did the "Great Compromise" solve in the writing of the Constitution?
|
Great Compromise--
senate= equal representation (2 per state) house=representation by population |
|
|
What is the purpose of political parties?
|
political parties-have an organization of citizens who share similar ideas and who work together to put ideas into action
|
|
|
How do citizens participate in government?
|
Voting, run for office, advertise, freedom of speech
|
|
|
What new opportunities did free slaves receive during4 Reconstruction?
How did this change the Reconstruction? |
Jobs, citizenship, education, ran for office
Denied, voting rights, black codes |
|
|
What were some positive changes that came because of the transcontinental railroad?
What were some negative changes? |
Positive- free land for people who laid the tracks and for farmers, they could trade, they could travel easier and safer, military can travel, towns and businesses grew.
Negative- deaths from building, Indians moved from land, buffalo killed |
|
|
What were some "push" and "pull" factors that brought new immigrants to the U.S. in the late 1800's?
|
Push- poverty, prejudice, and limited freedom
Pull- wealth, freedom and new opportunities (jobs) |
|
|
How was the new wave of immigrants different from earlier immigrant groups?
|
They were coming from a different area; had differnet languages and religions
|
|
|
What some examples of government reform that took place because of the work of the progressives?
|
Government Reforms- protected working people, women and children; made more monopolies illegal; made government more honest and reliable
|
|
|
Why were Americans more interested in the outside world around 1900?
|
Expansion outside U.S., wanted to colonize other lands (gain sources), establish U.S. as world power, expand trade
|
|
|
Why did the U.S get involved in the Spanish American War and what was the result of the war?
|
Cuban independence (inspired Cuban Rebels), had a lot of money invested in sugar plantation, yellow journalism, imperialism
|
