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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pocahontas
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When:1614
Who: Daughter of an Indian chief Powhatan Where: America, Virginia Why: The chief attempted to integrate new comers by marrying his daughter to an adventureer John Rolfe. However it failed because John imported tobacco which drew more settlers to Virginia and created more problems for Powhatan. At one point Pocahontas was kidnapped and converted to Christianity. |
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Powhatan
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Who: leader of Algonquian-speaking tribes, father of Pocahontas
When: 1614 Where: America, Virginia Why: Was a powerful indian leader who had trouble with the invading Europeans, attempted to establish peace by marrying his daugter to John Rolfe, leader pf Powhatan confederacy which had six tribes. |
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John Smith
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Who: adventurer
When: 1580– 1631 Where: Virginia, Jamestown Why: Remembered for helping establish Jamestown, leader of Virginia colony, association with Powhatan Confederacy, and Pocahontas. His written work further encouraged the colonization of America |
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John Rolfe
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Who: Tobacco Planter, married Pocahontas
When:Early 1600's Where: Virginia Colony Why: Tobacco cultivator, responible for making tobacco profitable to the colonies, married Pocahontas. |
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Jamestown
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What: First British settlement named after King James I
When:May 14, 1607 Where: Jamestown Island in Virginia Colony, America Why: Jamestown was Britain's first permanent settlement in America |
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Tobacco
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What: crop
When: 1600 to 1700's Where: The English colonies, Virginia, Chesapeake Bay Why: After John Rolfe began cultivating tobacco its demand increased dramaticaly and it brought alot of wealth for the colonies, Virginia and Chesapeake bay become known as Tobacco colonies |
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Bacon's Rebellion
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What: Freeholders and tennants wanted cheap land.Fighting broke out resulting in murder of 30 Indians. In retaliation Susquehannock Indians killed 300 whites. Berkely proposed building frontier forts but Nathanile Bacon protested, Berkely refused to grant military comission so Bacon slaughtered Doeg Indian people anyway.
When: late 1675 Why:Much resentment from indentured servants. Bacon seized control and and issued Manifesto and Declaration of the People'- removal of all indians and end to rule of wealthy parasites. Planters with land remained dominant. Supporting the expansion on Indian lands. Led to commitment to slavery and legalizing it in 1705. |
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John Calvin
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Who: religious leader
When: 1600's Where:New England Why: John Calvin was responsible in creating a different approach to Christianity which was later known as Calvinism. It embraced predestination, belief that God predestined everyone's fate. |
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Puritan
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Who: people who envisioned a reformed Christian society, pure worship doctrine.
When: 1630 Where:Plymouth Colony, Massachusetts Bay. Why: Responsible for crafting Mayflower Compact, blueprint for political society. Creating the first successful colony,Plymouth. Creation of Massachusetts Bay, Adopting predestination, witchcraft. |
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Middle Passage
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What: Forced trasnportation of African people to the new world
When 1700 and 1800's Where: Slaves were taken from ports on the Gold Coast to the New World. Why: The middle passage shows the tragic circumstances and treatment that the slaves had to endure. They had little food to eat, many died and many jumped overboard choosing to die rather than suffer. |
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The Columbain Exchange
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What: exchange of food animals, ideas, diseases and slaves.
When: After 1492 Where: Exchange between Eastern and Western Hemispheres Why: Many different goods became available to the Europeans from America and vise versa. Slaves were brought to America not to mention diseases that significantly affected the populations.Cultures were changed completely |
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South Atlantic System
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What: Sugar, rice and tobacco would be exported to Europe while slaves imported to run the plantations
Where:America, British West Indies When: Between 1550 and 1800 Why: Brought prosperity to Europe while promoting military conquest in West Africa. class divisions hardened, encouraged slavery |
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New England
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What:British colony
When: 1620 Where: Plymouth colony was the first New England settlement Why: first region to show, political structure, first independent community. Had town meeting to levy their affairs. |
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The Middle Atlantic
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What: New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania
When: 1720-1765 Where:During the development of colonies in America Why:The Middle colonies were known as the bread basket of America, they were ethnically and religiously diverse they had more agriculture, the regions experiment in cultural diversity created pasionate ethnic and social conflicts that would characterize America in the furute |
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The Chesapeake
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What: U.S navy vessel
Where: British ministry set up a naval blockade that stopped ships carrying goods to Europe including American vessels when:1807 Why:It caused Jefferson to pass the Embargo act of 1807 which prohibited American ships from leaving their home ports until America and France repealed their restrictions on trade.. embargo was a disaster, hurt farmers as well as merchants and crippled American economy. Failure of British to respect Americas trading rights led to the War of 1812 |
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Society with Slaves
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What: Societies that had some people held in bondage but did not rely on slave labor
Where:America, colonies, plantatios When: 1500-1800's Why: slavery created inequality among people, made colonies prosperous, resulted in the suffering of millions of African Americans, shaped the life of people |
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Slave Society
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What: Society in which slavery served as fundamental basis of economy.
Where: Virginia and South Carolina When: Around 1700-1800's Why: Dependence on slavery made it that much harder to eliminate creating more suffering for the African Americans and leading to more conflict |
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Anthony Johnson
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who: African laborer brought as an indentured servant
where: Virginia when; 1619 why; Anthony Johnson managed to buy his freedom and import his own indentured servants. when Virginia established slavery in 1654 Johnson's indentured servant became the first declared slave in court. |
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The Great awakening
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What: Period of dramatic religious revival
When: 1740-1765 Where: Europe and America Why: The great awakening challenged the authority of ministers and undermined support for churches opening a door to new ways of worship. |
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French and Indian War
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What: Colonial conflict between Britain and France and the Indians allied with them
When:1754-1765 Where: Why: The war led to conquest of all New France east of Missisipi River and Spanish Florida and later the Louisiana territory. War also left Britain in debt which caused higher taxes for the Americans thus creating conflict. |
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Boston Massacre
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What: Soldiers fired in to the crowd killing 5 men
Where: Boston When:1770 Why: People thought it was delibareee felt it threatened theri liberty sparked more distrust of the British and pushed US forward towards revolution. Propaganda against the British |
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Boston Tea Party
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What: the dumping of Tea belonging to the East India company into the harbor by the American colonists
When: Thursday, December 16, 1773 Where, Boston, Massachusetts Harbor Why: This act forced the British to enact Coercive Acts to subdue Massachussets but these actions outraged the colonies and united them against the British making the way for the American Revolution. |
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The Stamp Act
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What: A tax would require a stamp on all court documents. It was enacted in order to pay for the soldiers
When: 1765 Where: British colonies Why: The stamp act was a final straw which united the colonists against the British and pushed them to war |
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Yorktown
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What: Battle of the Revolutionary war against the British that took place in Yorktown wih the help of the French.
Where: Yorktown When:October 1781 Why: The Franco-American victory broke down the resolve of the British and sealed the US vicotry |
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Lord Cornwallis
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Who: British commander
When:1775–1783 Where: South Carolina, , York Peninsula, Yorktown Why: Cornwallis was responsible for leading the British Army and due to his military mistakes the British lost the war |
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Marquis de Lafayette
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Who:French military officer who became part of Washington's Continental Army.
When:1757-1834 Where:France and United States during the American revolution. Why: Lafayette contributed a great deal to the revolutionary war. He was responsible negotiating France's participation in the revolutionary war which sealed the uS's vicotry. |
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George Washington
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What: General of continental army, first president
When:1732-1799 Where: Washington was present in British colonies before the war and in the United states as president Why: Father of USA, First president, commander of the continental army. Responsible for leading the US to victory. |
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Thomas Jefferson
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Who: Third president and very influential figure.
When: late 1700's early 1800's Where: United States Why: Author of the declaration of independence, responsible for the Louisiana purchase and Lois and Clark expedition. |
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Declaration of Independence
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When:1776
What: document declaring the colonies no longer part of the British Where: adopted in Continental Congress Why: The declarations of independence officially made United States a separate nation. The ideals written in the Declaration of Independence influence Americans to this day and became a model for the French Revolution as well. |
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Articles of Confederation
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What: governing constitution of the thirteen colonies
When:proposed 1777, completed 1781 Where:Adopted in York, Pennsylvania Why: The articles of confederation established a central government that helped the nation survive and it became the foundation for the United States constitution. |
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Abigail Adams
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Who: wife of John Adams and mother of John Quincy Adams.
When:1744-1818 Where:United States, Why: she is known as the first active first lady that attempt to push for equal rights for women and her letters to her husband gave insight of what was going on during her husbands term in office. |
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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When:1787, july 13
What:act that allowed the creation of the Northwest territory Where: south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River. Why: instead of expanding existing states the northwest ordinance changed the way the united states expands territory by allowing the admittance of new states. It also helped create the boundary between free states and slave states by banning slavery in the new territory. |
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Martha Ballard
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Who:American midwife and healer
Where: Oxford, Massachusetts When: 1734 - 1812 Why: Her diary gave an account of life for women during that time which gave people today a greater understanding of life of women during the 18th century. |
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Eli Whitney
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Who: Inventor responible for cotton gin
Where: United States, born in Massechusets When: 1765 -1825 Why: The cotton gin created a need slaves in the South and thus reintroduced the dying idea of slavery back into society. It led to creation of slave societies. |
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Meriwether Lewis
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Who:explorer of the Northwest Territory created by the Louisiana purchase
Where:United States, Northwest Territory When: 1774–1809 Why: known for Lewis and Clark expedition which explored the new territory and got America introduced to new Indian tribes, plants and animals. |
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The Corps of Discovery
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What: expedition also known as Lewis and Clark
When: 1804-1806 Where: The new territory gained by the Louisiana purchase Why: It was the first on land expedition taken to the Pacific coast and back. It increased United States knowledge of geography, led to discovery of many new plants and animals and new relations with the Indians. |
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Sacagawea
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Who:Shoshone woman who accompanied Lewis and Clark on their expedition.
where: Northwest territory When: early 1800's Why: Sacagawea helped translate and her presence helped explorers get supplies and complete the mission. Sacajawea was allowed to make decisions and vote in the group which illustrates which makes her the first woman allowed to vote on American soil. She is a symbol of independence for women. |
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Louisiana Purchase
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What:purchase of 828,000 square miles of land from the French
Where: Northwest of United States When:1803 Why: The Louisiana purchase expanded the United States territory and opened new trade routes. It gave more room to expand the growing population of the united states and provide more agricultural resources which would make the United States prosper. It also eliminated the threat of Spain and France along the border. |
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Teton Sioux
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Who: native American Tribe also known as Lakota
Where: North and south Dakota When: sometime in 1700's Why: The Teton Sioux where the single tribe that provided problems for Lewis and Clark |
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Peace Medals
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what: medals distributed to Indians by the US government representatives.
Where: In us where indian tribes were present. When:late 1700's early1800's Why: The medals represented two different things for each group. The Indians perceived them as a peace offering while the Americans as acceptance to the US dominion of them. The medals led to trade agreements and were seen as symbol of US relationship with the Native Americans |
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Tecumseh
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What:famous Native American leader of the Shawnee who spent a great deal trying to unite the Indians.
When:March 1768 – October 5, 1813 Where:born in Ohio Why. Tecumsehs efforts illustrated the desperation that years of abuse and mistreatment by the Europeans pushed them. His defeat signaled the end for the Indian way of life and any hope of ever having to reclaim their lands. |
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Sequoyah
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Who Native American Cherokee silversmith who invented the Cherokee syllabary.
When:1767 - 1843 Where:Cherokee Nation Why:the creation of Cherokee writing put the Cherokee in the eyes of the rest above the other tribes. It also gave a way for Indians to communicate among each other. The Indian attempt to imitate the witting showed the large influence that the Europeans had on the Indians way fo life. It undermined the ideal that Indians were inferior if they were capable of written language. |
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Cherokees
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Who: Native Americans , largest native American tribe
When: 1800's -today Where: North America, Eastern southwestern United States Why: The Cherokee proved that Native Americans are capable of adapting to the European culture by inventing their own written language and modeling their government by the constitution |
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Talking Leaves
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What: the name sequoyah used for the cherooke written language.
When:1821 Where: America Why: The written language for native Americans made it easier for them to communicate and spread ideas. I showed that native Americans are not inferior and are capable of adopting the ways of Europeans. |
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Andrew Jackson
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Who: seventh president of the United States
When:(1829–1837). Where:United States Why: Andrew Jackson shaped the Democratic party into what id is today. Gave power to all white males to vote as opposed to only those that had land. Strengthened the power of the president as opposed to congress. However his actions towards Native Americans completely destroyed their way of life. Jackson's ideas of equality only extended to his own race showing the impact of racism |
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Trail of Tears
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What:was the forced relocation of Native Americans from their homelands to Indian Territory
When:1831 Where : present day Oklahoma in the Western United States Why: Caused the death of thousands of Indians and was the first attempt of removal of Indians. |
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Indian Removal Act
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What:United States government policy to remove all Indians from their home land place them in the West
When:1830 Where:Acrross the US and moving to the west Why:It lead tot he trail of Tears and thousands of native American deaths. |
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Cotton Gin
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What: a machine that made cotton alot easier to cultivate.
When: around 1794 Where: Became used widely in the south Why: The cotton gin led to reintroduction of slavery and sealed the Souths dependency on slaves. |
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Rebecca Foster
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couldnt find anything
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William Clark
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Who: American explorer, soldier, Indian agent, and territorial governor
when:(August 1, 1770 – September 1, 1838) Where:Clark led the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1803 to 1805 across the Louisiana Purchase to the Pacific Ocean. Why: William Clark was the backbone of the expedition, played an important role in managing the team and communicating with the Indians |
