History For Chapter 5 :))

Front 1

younger brother of Iberville; "Father of Louisiana"; four times governor ; established the first code of laws (Bienville's Code); founded the city of New Orleans in 1718 (second oldest permanent settlement in the Louisiana territory.

Back 1

Bienville

Front 2

Older brother of Bienville: "Founder of Louisiana"; built the first settlement (non-permanent); was appointed the first govenor of the Louisiana territory.

Back 2

Iberville

Front 3

King of France for whom Louisiana was named

Back 3

Louis XIV

Front 4

naturalized Engish Citizen who encouraged the Engish to settle in Louisiana

Back 4

Father Hennepin

Front 5

Investigator from France who looked into allegations concerning Bienville. He found no wrong-doing and was rewarded by the King for his efforts with a land grant near present-day Baton Rouge.

Back 5

D'Artaguette

Front 6

Govenor after Bienville. He died of yellow fever while in office and was succeeded by Bienville.

Back 6

Sauvole

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first child of European parents born in the Louisiana territory.

Back 7

Jean Francois LeCamp

Front 8

Adventurer cousin of Iberville and Bienville--founded Natchitoches, the first permanent settlement in the Louisiana territory in 1713-1714

Back 8

St. Denis

Front 9

Twenty-three women who were sent to Louisiana from Quebec in 1704 to be wives of soldiers at Fort Mobile. They arrived on a ship called the Pelican.

Back 9

Pelican girls

Front 10

'Runner of the woods." They were French trappers and traders

Back 10

Coureur de bois

Front 11

Bourbon Lilies--symbol of royal France

Back 11

Fleur de lis

Front 12

A term given to first-generation French or Spanish born in the New World

Back 12

Crillo (Creole)

Front 13

Peace pipe, used to ask the blessing of "Great Spirit" on any negotiation

Back 13

Calumet

Front 14

Muskhogean word meaning "red Stick"

Back 14

Istrouma

Front 15

French word meaning "red stick"

Back 15

Baton Rouge

Front 16

French word meaning "Engish Turn"

Back 16

De'tour des Anglais

Front 17

Chinquepin-eaters. Name of the Oldest permanent settlement in Louisiana.

Back 17

Nachitoches

Front 18

Spanish term for a person half indian and half Spanish

Back 18

Mestizo

Front 19

Spanish term for a person half Negro and half Spanish

Back 19

Mulatto

Front 20

group of barrier islands southeast of Louisiana which to the first French explorers resembled lighted candles

Back 20

Chandeleur Islands

Front 21

Muskhogean word meaning "back door"

Back 21

Manchac

Front 22

an official of the Catholic Church

Back 22

Curate

Front 23

Widespread outbreak of disease

Back 23

Epidemic

Front 24

with which group of indians did Iberville make contact on Louisiana? On what special date did iberville and Bienville reach the mouth of the Mississippi River? How did the terrain of the area appear to them?

Back 24

The biloxi Indians at what is now Biloxi Bay; then the Houma, Bayougoula ,Chicksaw, and Mongoulachas

Front 25

Discuss the story of the "talking bark" and the blue coat.

Back 25

Henri de tonti had left a blue army coat and a letter with the chief of the Bayougoula to be given to the first white man the indians saw. (Tonti hoped it would be LaSalle). The indians hid the lette in a hollow tree for thirteen years and were afraid to give b/c they thought he was Spanish. He did give it to Bienville. The letter was to the Indians the "Talking bark"

Front 26

Why was France interesting in the Mississippi valley? Why did the French need a a fort on the Gulf Coast? Why did the French delay formal colonization?

Back 26

The French wanted 1) an outpost for raiding Mexican silver mines 2) a post for harassing and raiding Spanish treasure ships in the Gulf; 3) a back door to North America; 4) a year-round outlet for Canadian furs.

Front 27

Who were the LeMoyne brothers? Who was the considered the "Founder of Louisiana"? and why? who was consided the "Father of Louisiana"? and why? Why were these men considered unusually qualified for exploring and settling Louisiana?

Back 27

The LeMoyne brothers were Iberville, called "Father of Louisiana." b/c he gave us our first set of laws. These men along with St. Denis, their couisin, were skilled woodsmen and naval officers. Bienville had a girft of language, being able to quickly learn indian dialects.

Front 28

Describe the expedition of the LeMoynes. Who led the expedition? What was the first settlement? Where was it located? When was it founded? Why was it placed where it was? For whom was it named? What was the fate of the settlement?

Back 28

Iberville first landed in biloxi Bay in 1699. A fot to supply ships was established in the sheltered bay. It was called Ft. Marpas in honor of son of the French Minister of the Marine (Secretary of the Navy" and falied b/c of a lack of local supplies, including fresh water, and b/c of disease and despair. Nearly 1/3 of the original settlers at the fort died. A new settlement was built at Mobile Bay. It was called Ft. St. Louis de la Louisiane.

Front 29

After the settlement, what did the LeMoynes do? Why did they "split up"? What was Bienville's first important act?

Back 29

They searched for the mouth of the Mississippi River and found it. Iberville, led by local indians, returned to Mobile Bay by a shortcut (or backdoor) which we now call Bayou Manchac. Bienville, 18-year-old, traveled back down the Mississippi River. On the trip, he passed a lush, green site he would remember for the rest of his life. Later, around a deep curve in the river, he can face-to-face with an Engish warship coming upriver. Bienville bluffed the Engish captain into believing that a heavily armed French fort lay just around the bend in the river. the Engish captain, because of the dense vegetation, could not see beyond the bend. The Engish ship went back down river. Today, we call the place Engish Turn (Detour de anglais)

Front 30

What were some of the more serious problems of the early settlers?

Back 30

A) floating land, B) insects, C) disease (fevers), D) lack of fresh water and food, E) lack of medical supplies, F) threats of desertion, G) unpredictable and bad weather, H) alcoholism

Front 31

What were some of the food locally available to early soldiers and settler?

Back 31

Fruits, nuts, berries, corn, beans, gourds, game, fish, certain grasses.

Front 32

What were French soldiers told to search for in the Louisiana Territory? What did they find?

Back 32

Precious metals and furs. They found no precious metals but an abundance of fur-bearing animals also fresh-water pearls in what they named the Pearl River.

Front 33

What was the first settlement on current Louisiana soil? Give two advantages and one disadvantage of this particular settlement.

Back 33

Fort Boulaye. It was located inland from the Gulf, therefore, sheltered. It was a presence directlyon the Mississippi. The disadvantages were that it was low, swampy, and subject to flooding and Gulf storms. The swampy area was also filled with disease-carring mosquitoes.

Front 34

Describe early maps availave to explorers of the Gulf Coast of North America.

Back 34

Early maps of the Gurlf coast region were inacurate bc they showed every river emptying into the Gulf. The many inlets along Louisiana's coast made discovery of the truth mouth of the Mississippi extremely difficult.