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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what were some changes that happened at the beginning of the Meiji Restoration? |
the emperor retook power and abolished the rule of Shogun. The samurai class was dissolved, and a modern military was created. |
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why did the meiji revolution come? |
due to increasing military and trade contacts within the outside world. Which lead to Commodore Matthew Perry's U.S. naval fleet steaming into Tokyo Bay in 1853, which demanded that Japan open its borders to foreign trade. |
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How did America force Japan to open up? |
Commodore Matthew Perry commanded the U.S. Navy's expedition which intimidated the Japanese as they exercised demonstrations of the military strength of the U.S. which later led to many unfair treaties which forced Japan to do whatever the U.S. commanded them to do. |
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How did Japan preserve their culture before meiji? |
Tokugawa shoguns maintained an isolationist policy towards the nations of the western world; any foreigners who came into Japan were likely to be executed |
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What is the Treaty of Kanagawa? |
It was the first treaty between Japan and the United States which was signed by Commodore Matthew Perry and representatives of the shogun. It established formal diplomatic relations between Japan and the United States. |
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Summary of Treaty of Kanagawa |
It forced the opening of the Japanese ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade and ended the Tokugawa shogunate's 200-year policy of seclusion (Sakoku), and to give privileges to Americans.
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Summary of treaty of amity and commerce |
It opened the ports of Kanagawa and four other Japanese cities to trade and granted extraterritoriality to foreigners, among a number of trading laws.
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the reason of the fall of tokugawa? |
The treaty of amity and commerce, the treaty of kanagawa, sudden influx of foreign people, ideas and money disrupted Japan's lifestyle and economy. |
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Caue of "Sonno-joi"? |
The treaty of amity and commerce, the treaty of kanagawa, sudden influx of foreign people, ideas and money disrupted Japan's lifestyle and economy.
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Why was tokugawa yoshinobu so reluctant to take power? |
Anti-western daimyo, particularly in the southern -provinces of satsuma and chosu blamed the tokugawa shogunate for its inability to defend its self against foreigners. |
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in what ways were anti-western daimyo ironic? |
choshu rebels and the tokugawa troops began programs of rapid modernization, which meant adopting meany western military technologies despite blaming the tokugawa shogunate for its inability to defend itself against foreigners. |
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why was the boshin war launched? |
It was launched by the southern daimyo to make sure that power will be rested to the emperor and never to any shogun again. |
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importance of charter oath? |
The Oath outlined the main aims and the course of action to be followed during Emperor Meiji's reign, setting the legal stage for Japan's modernization. This also set up a process of urbanization as people of all classes were free to move jobs so people went to the city for better work.
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importance of the meiji constitution |
it was written to bring the Charter Oath into existence. The aim was to define the powers of the government and define the rights of the japanese citizens. |
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importance of Treaty of Kanghwa |
opened 3 korean ports Japan and to recognize Korea as an independent state to minimize China's influence over Korea. |
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Cause of sino-japanese war |
King of Korea asked Japan and China to help korea as they were experiencing the Tong hak rebellion. The japanese and chinese refused to get out of korea, prime minister demanded king to change the korean government, china refused to accept which led to the Japanese seizing the korean palace. King was forced to expel the chinese and when chinese troops tried to bring more troops into korea, Japanese sank their ships. |
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How was Japan's international reputation damaged by the sino-japanese war? |
Due to the port arthur massacre where an estimated 60,000 chinese people were killed by the Japanese troops. |
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importance of treaty of shimonoseki |
forced China to recognize Korea's independence, give up liatung peninsula, taiwan, pescadore islands to japan, 4 new chinese ports were opened to Japanese trade, japan received most favored nation status from china, china paid somewhat large indemnity to Japan |
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How did the triple intervention affect japan |
They forced Japan to give up the Liaotung Peninsula which humilliated Japan that she could not withstand the pressure of the three countries (Russia, Germany France) |
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How did the triple intervention affect Russia |
It helped Russia to force Japan to give up the Liaotung Peninsula which later allowed Russia to force China to grant her a 25 year old lease on the liaotung peninsula and the right to connect the Chinese eastern railways to the Russian port of Vladivostok. |
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What caused Japan to want to start a war with Russia? |
Japan and Russia met to discuss an agreement on Russia's rights to Manchuria in exchange for Japan's rights to Korea. Russia refused. |
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How did Japan win against Russia? |
Japan attacked Russia's fleet at Port Arthur. Japan pushed the Russians out of Korea and then moved into Manchuria. |
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Importance of Treaty of Portsmouth |
Russia would recognize Japan's right to Korea, give the Liaotung Peninsula to Japan, and the South Manchurian railway, and the southern 1/2 of sakhalin island. Both agreed to not interfere with China in Manchuria. |
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Why was Japan's economy doing so well in the 1920's? |
Japan took advantage of Britain'seconomic slump in the 20's by taking over the markets that had been British-dominated in the prewaryears.
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Why did Japan want the racial equality clause? |
At the end of WW1, Japan suffered unequal treaties and wanted equal status with the Powers. |
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Why wasn't the racial equality clause accepted? |
it would havechallenged aspects of the established "norms" of the (Western dominated) international system inthe early 1900s. It involved the colonial rule over non-white peoples. The racial equality clause would have to be applied to everyone so it was not accepted.
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Why did military nationalists take over Japan? |
They believed aggressivenationalism and territorial expansion were a way to solve their economic problems. The Japanesegovernment did not want to rely on foreign imports. They wanted to create a colonial empire byconquering countries rich in natural resources, and had seen Western nations (and to a lesserdegree America) do it successfully. The Japanese were also frustrated with being alienated byWestern nations and kept under their control.
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Why did Japan invade Manchuria? |
Japan lacked natural resources and building space
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what changed during the 1930'S? |
The constitution and Diet remained in place, but throughout the 1930's Japan became much like a totalitarian state, but with a group of leaders instead of a single dictator. Critics of the government were arrested, and students in school were taught to unconditionally obey the emperor and the government.
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Why wasn't Japan stopped when they were invading China? |
Japan was opposed by the Chinese nationalists and the communists, but they were having a civil war which weakened them. |
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What allowed Japan to invade China even more? |
In the Manchurian Incident the Japanese military officers deliberately bombed their section of the South Manchurian Railway near the city of Mukden, and then blamed it on the Chinese - creating an excuse to invade China. This violated all international agreements, but the League of Nations only wrote a report of condemnation and didn’t do anything to punish Japan.
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What was the Tripartite Pact? |
alliance between Japan, Germany, and Italy effectively extending the “axis” into the Pacific (Asia). The Pact was aimed at keeping the U.S. out of the war. Under the treaty, each Axis nation agreed to come to the defense of the others in case of attack. For American, it would be a military nightmare to fight a two-ocean war (with fighting in both the Atlantic and the Pacific). The US saw this as a threat and aggressive.
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why were relations between japan and america bad? |
America had imposed an oil embargo on Japan and encouragedother states to do so. America also closed all immigration to Japanese. The US didn’t wantJapan to dominate the Far East. The Japanese felt that the US would be a threat to Japaneseexpansion and dominance in the Far East.
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Why did Japan invade French-Indo China? |
Japanese wanted to take over French military bases to unite East Asia under Japanese control (tocreate what it called the “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”).
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What was the U.S.'s response to the invasion of French Indo-china? |
In protest, the U.S. cut offtrade with Japan denying them much needed oil and other supplies needed for the Japanese warmachine. I
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Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? |
it was believed, would destroy America’s ability to make war (becauseits entire navy was there).
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Why is there a debate on how much info America had on the probable attack from Japan? |
There was a lot of ‘radio’ traffic amoung the Japanese military, and the fleet had disappeared from American radar (due to radio silence).
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Why could Japan invade French Indo-China? |
French had surrendered to the Germans in France in 1940, and U.S. military aid was refused, the French colonial forces in Indochina were in no position to defend themselves against the Japanese
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What was the Potsdam Declaration? |
outlining how Japan would be defeatedand dealt with after the war in Asia. It was signed by President Truman (USA), Winston Churchill(UK), and President Chiang Kai-shek (Republic of China).
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How were ordinary Japanese citizens notified about the destruction? |
t was broadcastto the Japanese islands in Japanese and flyers containing the text were dropped over Japan.
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What was the government's response to the Declaration? |
The government's response was printed the next day in Tokyo newspapers withexpurgated version of the Declaration. Just in case the Allies were in any doubt of the response,Prime Minister Suzuki held a press conference on July 28th, in which he stated the governmentignored the Declaration --with contempt.
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What happened to the Emperor after the bombing? |
He was allowed to keep his title and authority as emperor of Japan, but had totake orders from American General Douglas MacArthur.
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What do think was the correct decision and why? If you were the American president in 1945 whatdo you think you would have done? Would you have decided to use the atomic bomb if you wereUnited States President Harry S. Truman?
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I do think that bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the right idea. The reason why is because the bombing stopped all the killings and death for both the Japanese and the Americans. If the war continued on, similar incidents such as the heavylosses/suicides at Iwo Jima and Guadalcanal, tens of thousands of Allied prisoners and civilians being brutalized by the Japanese military, Kamikaze pilots fighting until everyone is dead, would have continued. The bombings were also a better idea than an invasion as both Japanese and American soldiers would have been killed. If I was the American president, I would be more of the effects of the atomic bombing. President Harry S. Truman was certainly not aware of how dangerous the bomb could be (even wanted the Japanese women and children to be okay) based on his diary entries. |
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What was Japan's role in WW1? |
Joined Brittain when WW1 broke out. Japanese forces quickly occupied German-leased territories in the Far East. |
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What was the treaty of versailles? |
The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité deVersailles) was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
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