History Exam

Front 1

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Back 1

New Deal legislation that established the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) to improve agricultural prices by limiting market sup- plies; declared unconstitutional in United States v. Butler (1936)

Front 2

Atlantic Charter

Back 2

August 1941, The Charter stated the ideal goals of the war: no territorial aggrandizement; no territorial changes made against the wishes of the people; restoration of self-government to those deprived of it; free access to raw materials; reduction of trade restrictions; global cooperation to secure better economic and social conditions for all; freedom from fear and want; freedom of the seas; and abandonment of the use of force, as well as disarmament of aggressor nations.

Front 3

Baby Boom

Back 3

Any period marked by a greatly increased birth rate.

Front 4

Congress of Race Equality

Back 4

U.S. civil rights organization that played a pivotal role for African-Americans in the Civil Rights Movement. Membership in CORE is still stated to be open to "anyone who believes that 'all people are created equal' and are willing to work towards the ultimate goal of true equality throughout the world”.

Front 5

Battle of the Coral Sea

Back 5

May 1942, was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the United States and Australia. The battle was the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other.

Front 6

D-Day

Back 6

June 6, 1944, when an allied amphibious assault landed on the Normandy coast and established a foothold in Europe, leading to the liberation of France and Germany.

Front 7

Emergency Banking Relief Act

Back 7

Spearheaded by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression. It was passed on March 9, 1933. This act allows only Federal Reserve-approved banks to operate in the United States of America.

Front 8

Fair Employment Practices Commission

Back 8

Implemented US Executive Order 8802, requiring that companies with government contracts not discriminate on the basis of race or religion. It was intended to help African Americans and other minorities obtain jobs in the home-front industry during World War II.

Front 9

Harlem Renaissance

Back 9

A blossoming 1918–37 of African American culture, particularly in the creative arts, and the most influential movement in African American literary history. Embracing literary, musical, theatrical, and visual arts, participants sought to re-conceptualize “the Negro” apart from the white stereotypes that had influenced black peoples’ relationship to their heritage and to each other.

Front 10

Lend-Lease Act

Back 10

Permitted the United States to lend or lease arms and other supplies to the Allies, signifying increasing likely hood of American Involvement in WWII.

Front 11

Marshall Plan

Back 11

U.S. program for the reconstruction of post World War II Europe through massive aid to former enemy nations as well as allies; proposed by General George C. Marshall in 1947.

Front 12

McCarthyism

Back 12

Is the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence.

Front 13

National Industrial Recovery Act

Back 13

Law passed by Congress in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery, in a program known as the National Recovery Administration

Front 14

Servicemen's Readjustment Act

Back 14

Known informally as the G.I. Bill, was a law that provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans

Front 15

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Back 15

African-American civil rights organization The SCLC had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement.

Front 16

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commitee

Back 16

Was one of the organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960's. It emerged from a series of student meetings led by Ella Baker held at Shaw University in April 1960

Front 17

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Back 17

Landmark piece of national legislation in the United States that outlawed discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for the widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the U.S.

Front 18

Brown Vs. Board of Education

Back 18

U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down racial segregation in public education and declared separate but equal unconstitutional.

Front 19

Cold War

Back 19

Was a sustained state of political and military tension between the Soviet Union and the US.

Front 20

Congress of Industrial Organizations

Back 20

Was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955.

Front 21

Containment

Back 21

United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad.

Front 22

Cuban Missile Crisis

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Caused when the United States discovered Soviet offensive missile sites in Cuba in October 1962; the U.S.-Soviet confrontation was the Cold Wars closest brush with nuclear war.

Front 23

Great Depression

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Started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930's or middle 1940's. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century.

Front 24

Fair Deal

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Domestic reform proposals of the Truman administration; included civil rights legislation, national health insurance, and repeal of the Taft-Hartley Act, but only extensions of some New Deal programs were enacted.

Front 25

Great Migration

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Movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest, and West for most of the 20th century.

Front 26

Japanese-American Internment

Back 26

The relocation and internment by the United States government in 1942 of about 110,000 Japanese Americans and Japanese who lived along the Pacific coast of the United States to camps called "War Relocation Camps," in the wake of Imperial Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.

Front 27

March of Washington

Back 27

On August 28, 1963, 250,000 black and white Americans converged on the nations capital for the March on Washington, often considered the high point of the nonviolent civil rights movement.

Front 28

Massive Resistance

Back 28

Policy declared by U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr. of Virginia on February 24, 1956, to unite other white politicians and leaders in Virginia in a campaign of new state laws and policies to prevent public school desegregation after the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision in 1954.

Front 29

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Back 29

A seminal event in the U.S. civil rights movement, was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama.

Front 30

New Deal

Back 30

A series of economic programs in response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians call the "3 R's": Relief, Recovery, and Reform.

Front 31

Sit-Ins

Back 31

A form of direct action that involves one or more people nonviolently occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change.

Front 32

Tennessee Valley Authority

Back 32

Federally owned corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a region particularly affected by the Great Depression.

Front 33

Truman Doctrine

Back 33

International relations policy set forth by the U.S. President Harry Truman in a speech[1] on March 12, 1947, which stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere.