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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Thomas Hooker (vocab) |
led a large group of people to settle in the Connecticut River Valley; they formed the towns of Hartford and New Haven; Conn. became a separate colony in 1662 |
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Roger Williams (vocab) |
a minister from Salem that began calling for the Puritans to break away from the church of England; he questioned the authority of the king and the leaders of MA kicked him out because of fear; Williams and his followers bought land from the Naragansett indians and formed Providence, Rhode Island. |
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Anne Hutchinson (vocab) |
began questioning the clergy in Mass and held Bible studies in her own home; she was banished from Mass also |
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Henry Hudson |
was sent by the Dutch East Indian company to explore North America and founded New Netherland in 1623; major city was New Amsterdam |
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New York |
was given to the Duke of York by King Charles II and he named it after himself |
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Cecilius Calvert (vocab) |
aka Lord Baltimore; was given land by Charles I and it was tone a safe haven for Catholics; the colony was named Maryland in honor of the kings wife
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Act of Toleration |
passed in 1649 providing religious freedom for anyone who believed in Jesus |
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Carolina or The Carolinas |
was given by Charles II to a group of men helped restore him to the throne |
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proprietary colony |
carolina was this and meant that it was given to a person or group who had full governing rights |
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staple crops of Carolina |
Rice indigo and tobacco |
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when did Carolina split? |
1691 |
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what made up 70% of population in south carolina? |
African slaves |
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William Penn (vocab) |
was given land by Charles II to repay a debt to his father; he named the colony Pennsylvania; was a Quaker and wanted his Pennsylvania to be a safe haven for all quakers; he was also given control over Delaware |
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Quaker |
their beliefs included no paid clergy, all men equal in the sight of God, no taking oaths, and they were pacifists |
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New Jersey |
formed when the Duke of York gave the land to 2 proprietors |
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New Hampshire |
was formed in 1623 but was taken over by MA in 1641; the people of NH were unhappy about this and protested to the king; the king separated NH from MA and made it a royal colony; this meant he appointed the governor |
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James Oglethorpe (vocab)
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formed Georgia as a place where people in debtors prison could get a fresh start; was also hoped that Georgia would act as a buffer between the profitable South Carolina and Spanish Florida |
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King Phillip's War (vocab) |
King Phillip (aka Metacom) led his tribe in 1675 in a series of attacks on English villages and they resulted in the destruction of 12 towns and slowed the westward movement of english settlers; Metacom was captured and killed and this was a lasting defeat for the New England tribes |
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Bacon's Rebellion |
Nathaniel Bacon gathered an army in 1676 to attack indians that had been causing trouble in Virginia; Gov Berkely became angry because Bacon did not ask for permission so Berkeley sent an army to attack Bacon; this began as the two groups fought each other and Bacon burned down Jamestown; he died soon afterwards and Berkeley crushed the rebellion and had 20 rebels killed |
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mercantilism (vocab) |
idea that nation began wealthy and powerful by reporting more than they imported; included the belief that colonies only existed to benefit the mother country |
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Navigation Acts |
required the colonies to only buy from and sell to England and only use English ships; was not strictly enforced |
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Salutary neglect |
policy that meant they would not interfere in American politics and economics so long as they served their interests |
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Mass. education system |
when 50 families settled in a town they had to hire a teacher; when 100 families settled they had to build a school but only boys could go to school |
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Southern colonies education |
plantation owners hired a tutor to teach their children (only boys) |
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First colleges |
North: Harvard - 1636 (first in America) South: William and Mary |
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Great Awakening |
by 1700 ministers believed that there had been a "falling away" from religious beliefs and they began calling for revivals throughout the colonies; 30s - 40s were known as this and in this period church life was emphasized once again |
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Jonathan Edwards (vocab) |
one major leader of the Great Awakening; his sermon "Sinners on the Hands of an Angry God" inspired thousands |
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George Whitfield |
an English preacher who spoke to huge crowds throughout the colonies and used an emotional approach |
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2 divisions among religious groups |
The Old Lights: believed there should be an educated clergy that based their sermons on tradition the New Lights: believed education was less important and emotionalism was more important |
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Benjamin Franklin (vocab) |
best remembered for his print shop in Philadelphia; published Poor Richard's Almanac; was also an inventor who helped develop an= new type of stove and a lightning rod |
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John Peter Zenger (vocab) |
the editor of a newspaper who criticized the royal governor on an article; was tried for libel but found not guilty; his case helped establish freedom of the press in America |
