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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ah Q-ism
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The doctrine of subservience to old chinese customs. Lu Xun specifically used the story of Ah Q to criticize conservatism in Chinese society.
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Beijing
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“The northern capital”. Beijing served as the capital of China during the Manchu (Qing) rule. It would also later serve as the capital of the PRC.
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Chen Duxiu
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New Youth founder. With Li Dashao founded first Marxist study group in Beijing in 1918 (later influenced by Comintern agent Grigoir Voitinsky). Political reformer whereas Hu Shi was a cultural reformer
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Cheng Xiaoqing
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Low-brow literature with educational message (need to figure out what)
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Chongqing
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Nationalist capital during WWII
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Civil War Period (1945-1949)
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War between CCP and KMT for control. CCP won due to guerrilla and tactical advances and the poor economy that hurt the ruling KMT
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Comintern
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Organization developed by the USSR to spread the communist revolution. Agents plan to grow CCP from within the much larger Nationalist Party. Sun turned to them after 1916 with the hope of consolidating control. They establish a military academy to help.
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Ding Ling
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declared as a rightist-early protofeminist
famous articulations of being a woman- pointing out shortcomings of the party in Yan’an party headquarters |
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Dixie Mission
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A group of American military personnel sent to live with the Communist forces in Yan’an during World War Two. The Americans sent this mission with the purpose of trying to learn more about the Communist Party, as well as assist in fighting Japanese forces in China.
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Du Yuesheng
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Gangster leader of Green Gang
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Empress Cixi
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De facto ruler of China from 1861-1908
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First United Front
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CCP/KMT coalition under Sun Yat-sen from 1923-1927. The Comintern founds military academy and supplies aid believing that communists could become a bloc within the much larger nationalist party
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Five Color Flag
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Flag of the Nationalist party during its rule. Five colors or 5 ethnicities- Han, Manchu (Yellow), Mongol, Hui, Tibetian.
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Foreign concessions
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Areas given to foreign countries after (First Opium War? Nanjing Treaty?). Brought foreign influence and allowed illegal communist party to gain strength in the French concession. (First National Congress met in 1921)
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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
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Japan’s term for the united Asian zone it intended to create. The propagandized term for imperialism.
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Green Gang
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Nationalist Party Gang- attack unions and communists, particularly in Shanghai. Responsible for the April 12, 1927 purge
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Han
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The majority ethnic croup. Ethnicity of the Ming rulers. A source of ethnic nationalism and anti-Qing. The Ming dynasty was Han.
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Hu Shi
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Cultural reformer. With Chen, Beijing revolutionary. Advocated modern writing, breaking conventions and using vernacular.
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Jiangxi Soviet (1931-1934)
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A time when the communists were exiled to Jiangxi. Attracted students and prominent KMT army commanders. Mao's ideas aren't yet accepted nor power fully consolidated but CCP has considerable power in Jiangxi and Fujian.
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Land reform
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A socialist idea. CCP seizes land from landlords during Second Sino-Japanese War. Gains popularity with peasants.
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Language reform
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Moving language away from the old. Divided into a May Fourth Period, Republican Period, and Early PRC Period
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Leninism
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Adds to Marxism, calls imperialism the highest form of capitalism, and calls for a communist political party
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Li Dazhao
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Together with Chen, founds CCP in 1921. Started first Marxist study group in Beijing, also with Chen.
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The Long March (1934-1935)
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March from Jiangxi to Yan'an. Only 1/10 survive. Becomes a character-building experience for CCP-ers, and Mao consolidates power. Founding myth of the Red Army.
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Lu Xun
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Father of modern Chinese literature. Became revolutionary in Japan, used literature to heal spirits. Canonized by the CCP for featuring ordinary poor people. Contributor to the New Youth and teacher at PKU. COntributions: think Ah-Q spirit and satire
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Manchu
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Ethnicity from which the Qing Dynasty comes
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Manchukuo
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Japanese puppet regime during the Sino-Japanese war.
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Maoism
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Marxism except with peasants instead of urban proletariat
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Marco Polo Bridge Incident
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1937 Official start to the invasion proper of Japan into China. Event staged to start the invasion.
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May 4, 1919
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Student demonstrations begin in response to the Treaty of Versailles that handed German holdings in China to Japan
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Modern Girl
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The phase of New Woman-hood in the 1930s. Flappers- sex, consumerism, and good times. Not-marrying-ism, and economic self sufficiency.
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Mukden Incident (1931)
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Japanese excuse to invade Manchuria. Japanese rig an explosion near the
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Nanjing
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Nationalist capital in 1930. Home to Wang Jingwei and collaborationists after the Japanese kick the Nationalists out.
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Nanjing Decade (1927-1937)
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Chiang consolidating power; Nanjing is closer to his power base. Sun's 2nd stage: political tutelage. New Life movement.
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The Nanjing Massacre
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December 12, 1937 for 6+ weeks.
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New Life Movement
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Chiang's neo-Confucianist attempt to tighten morale and clean up discipline in the party. Established 1934. Ideals of dedication to the nation, self-cultivation, frugality. Cleaning up hygiene to make China appear less unsanitary to Westerners.
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New Woman
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May Fourth/Early 20s period focused on education, employment, and political participation. Pre-curser to Modern Girl
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New Youth
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Begins in 1915 as opposition to Confucianism/conservatism, supporter of democracy. Grows Marxist until it becomes an organ of the CCP after its founding in 1921
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Pan-Asianism
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he Japanese idea that justified their imperialism. United Asians against the Japanese.
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Peking University
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preeminent university for humanities studies, home to Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi
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Puyi
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The last Qing Emperor, installed by Cixi and deposed in 1911. The Japanese install him in 1932 as the puppet head of the Manchukuo government.
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Qiu Jin
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Essayist, poet, orator, bomb-maker...one spunky chick. Proponent of women's education, Japanese-educated revolutionary, dressed like a man, published radical women's journal calling to fight oppression and earn your own money. Seen more for political revolution than for challenge to gender norms. Died young in 1907.
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John Rabe
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Schindler of Nanking. International Safety Zone Committee. Set up safety zone. Appealed to Hitler himself.
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Second United Front
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During WWII, a weak, temporary, distrusting coalition forced by Xi'an incident.
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Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)
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Japan, long China's inferior, kicks China's ass.
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Song Meiling
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Chiang's wife. Americanized- won over American support to anti-Japanese cause
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Song Qingling
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Sun's Wife
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South Manchuria Railway
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Rigged in Mukden Incident
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Sun Yat-sen/Mao Zedong Suit
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Western/Japanese inspired. Later given 5 buttons for 5 branches of government and 4 pockets for Propriety, Justice, Integrity, Honor. Three buttons for three people's principles.
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Republican Flag
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Was the 5 color flag until 1924, when the Blue Sky, White Star, Red Earth Everywhere became the flag of the ROC. Colors represent 3 people's principles.
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Three People's Principles
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Democracy, Nationalism, People's Livelihood
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Treaty of Versailles (1919)
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You wanna give away our country? We're gonna march on Tiananmen. Students felt betrayed.
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Wang Jingwei
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Head of the puppet collaborationist with Japan government. He was the one who lost out to Chiang originally.
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Xu Guangping
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Lu Xun's common law wife
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Yan'an
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CCP Base from 1935 to End of the Civil War. End of the Long March.
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Yuan Shikai
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The Chinese warlord who negotiated the end of the Qing in exchange for his own rule.
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