History 2020 Final Exam

Front 1

New Deal Coalition

Back 1

1. Those who supported the ideas of the New Deal during the time of FDR's election in 1932.

2. Included common folk, factory workers, immigrants, African Americans, women, and progressive intellectuals.

3. Largely responsible for FDR's landslide victory in 1932.

4. Dominated American politics throughout FDR presidency.

Front 2

FDIC

Back 2

1. Created in 1933 in response to thousands of banks failures during the Great Depression.

2. Created to protect depositors' funds in the event of a bank failure, insures depositors and banks.

3. Part of the FDR's New Deal.

4. Played a major role in the recovery and restructure of the U.S. Banking system.

Front 3

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Back 3

1. Passed in 1933 as part of FDR's New Deal

2. Offered farmers subsidiaries in exchange for limiting their production.

3. Limited production led to increased crop prices, which was the main goal of the AAA.

4. Farmers lives were improved by this act, but many farmers went to great lengths to qualify for the money, killing crops, livestock, etc.

Front 4

Social Security

Back 4

1. Created in 1933 as part of the New Deal.

2. Created to help elderly who were in poverty, workers paid into a Social Security pot, and the money was given to those who needed it. When workers retired, they got an amount based on how much they paid into the system.

3. Still in use to this day.

4. Excluded many minorities and workers from its benefits.

Front 5

Court-Packing Plan

Back 5

1. Plan created by FDR that added one new justice to the Supreme Court for each existing judge who had served 10 years and was over the age of 70.

2. The plan was rejected and criticized for being discriminatory towards elderly justices and their intelligence, as well as many people believed that the court and gov't should be separated.

3. Elderly judges ended up retiring despite it's rejection.

Front 6

Appeasement

Back 6

1. Terms offered by Neville Chamberlain to Hitler in order to avoid war in the 1930s.

2. The terms included giving Hitler Sudetenland if he promised to leave the rest of Czechoslovakia alone.

3. Hitler accepted the terms, but ended up ignoring them and eventually annexing Czechoslovakia.

Front 7

Lend-Lease Act

Back 7

1. Act proposed in 1941 by FDR.

2. Allowed the British to obtain arms from the U.S. without paying cash, but with the promise to reimburse the U.S. when the war ended.

3. It started a flow of support to Britain that totaled more than $50 billion.

4. Gave Britain a large amount of help during WWII.

Front 8

Selective Service Act

Back 8

1. 1940 act passed, proposed by FDR.

2. Act to register men of military age who would be subject to a draft if the need arose.

3. More than 30 million men registered and 15 million fit for duty.

4. The act prohibited racial discrimination and is still in use today.

Front 9

Battle of Midway

Back 9

1. A WWII battle that took place in the Pacific June 1942

2. U.S. Naval forces took on the Japanese naval fleet and most of the Japanese navy fleet was devastated.

3. The battle reversed the balance of naval power and put the Japanese at a disadvantage for the rest of WWII.

Front 10

D-Day

Back 10

1. Taking place June 6th, 1944 on the beaches of Normandy, France.

2. Was the largest amphibious assault in world history.

3. Considered one of the most decisive battles of WWII, and essentially led to the defeat of Germany.

Front 11

Containment

Back 11

1. A major policy during the Cold War which suggested that the U.S. stifle communist influence in Eastern Europe and Asia.

2. Advised deterrence: take action without conflict.

3. Base for the Cold War (No conflict ensued)

Front 12

Marshall Plan

Back 12

1. A plan that was approved in March 1948 by the United States congress which,

2. Provided and offered aid to war ravaged Western European countries.

3. The goal was to keep those countries from resorting to communism and socialism.

4. Boosted U.S. economy and helped many countries in WE.

Front 13

NATO

Back 13

1. Stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

2. Designed to counter a Soviet threat pledged to go to war if one of it's allies was attacked.

3. Involved a military alliance between Canada and Western European countries.

4. Continued to display strength in opposition to communism.

Front 14

Taft-Harley Act

Back 14

1. An act passed by congress in 1947,

2. The act amended the Wagner Act, putting restraints on Unions that reduced their power to bargain with employers and made it more difficult to organize workers.

3. Tipped the balance of power in the workplace in favor of management.

Front 15

NSC-68

Back 15

1. Was a top-secret report done by the National Security Council just before the Korean War.

2. The report was on the U.S.'s military strength. It warned that national survival required military buildup

3. The Korean war brought about all of the buildup mentioned in the report.

4. Largely increased defense spending.

Front 16

Mutually Assured Destruction

Back 16

1. The idea that if either the U.S or Russia launched an attack with Nuclear Weapons the other would respond with an attack of equal or more destruction.

2. Was the Nuclear stand off between the United States and Russia during the Cold War.

3. Was one of the reasons for the U.S.'s lack of involvement in a Hungarian revolt against a soviet controlled government.

Front 17

Eisenhower Doctrine

Back 17

1. Was doctrine first invoked to combat communism.

2. Offered aid to countries who were threatened by countries controlled by international communism.

3. Resulted in aid being sent to Jordan in 1957 and troops being sent to Lebanon in 1958 to counter anti-western pressures.

Front 18

Sun Belt

Back 18

1. Section of the United States that comprises of the southwest and southeast, states like CA, TX, NV, AZ, etc.

2. Saw an explosion of population growth due to being an attractive location, due to good weather and economic opportunity.

3. The sun belt is still considered to be a place of popularity and economic prosperity to this day.

Front 19

Hernandez v. Texas

Back 19

1. Was a court case in which the supreme court ruled that Mexican Americans constituted a distinct group and their exclusion violated the 14th amendment's guarantee of equal protection.

2. Took place in 1954.

Front 20

Rock and Roll

Back 20

1. New form of music which combined country with black rhythm and blues.

2. Emerged in the 1950s.

3. Became very popular, seemed to express white teenagers attraction to black music.