History 2

Front 1

In his approach to foreign affairs, Woodrow Wilson could be described as

Back 1

a moralist.

Front 2

Woodrow Wilsons's first Secretary of State was

Back 2

William Jennings Bryan.

Front 3

The leader of Mexican forces that raided America's borders

Back 3

was Pancho Villa

Front 4

The root causes of World War I in Europe.

Back 4

Nationalism andalliances

Front 5

The Central Powers were

Back 5

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey.

Front 6

The Allied Powers were

Back 6

Great Brittan, France and Russia.

Front 7

The incident that ignited World War I was

Back 7

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria- Hungry.

Front 8

President Wilson's initial reaction to the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914

Back 8

was to declare United States neutrality.

Front 9

InMay 1915 the German sinking of the Lusitania

Back 9

cost 128 American lives and enraged the American public.

Front 10

In February of 1917 Germany announced

Back 10

the resumption of unlimited submarine warfare.

Front 11

The Zimmerman telegram proposed

Back 11

an alliance between Germany and Mexico.

Front 12

On April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress for a

Back 12

declaration of war to make the world safe for democracy.

Front 13

TheSelective Service Act provided for

Back 13

theregistration of all men ages 21-30 for conscription (the draft) into the armedservices.

Front 14

TheAmerican Expeditionary Force was lead

Back 14

by General John JayPershing.

Front 15

Trench Warfare included

Back 15

a line of trenches used by both sides along the border of France from Belgium to Switzerland

Front 16

Theweapon most responsible for trench warfare and most of the deaths in WWI

Back 16

wasthe machine gun.

Front 17

Othernew weapons of WWI included

Back 17

poisongas, the tank, the airplane and the submarine.

Front 18

In 1917, Russia made peace with Germany after being taken over by

Back 18

Vladimir Lennin and the communists in the Bolshevik revolution.

Front 19

2million American Doughboys turned the tide of the war helping push back the

Back 19

Germans at Belleau-Wood and the Meusse-Argonne.

Front 20

At 11:00 a.m. on November 11th, 1918

Back 20

Germanysigned an armistice ending the war.

Front 21

112,000American soldiers died

Back 21

inEurope in WWI.

Front 22

Theleader of the committee on public information was

Back 22

GeorgeCreel.

Front 23

TheEspionage Act of 1917 Training with the Enemy Act of 1917 and Sedition Act of1918

Back 23

alllimited civil liberties during WWI.

Front 24

DuringWWI the War Industries Board oversaw

Back 24

the production of America's factories.

Front 25

Thewar labor shortage brought a great migration of

Back 25

SouthernAfrican Americans to northern cities.

Front 26

TheFood Administration in WWI was headed by

Back 26

HerbertHoover.

Front 27

WoodrowWilson's plan for peace was

Back 27

theFourteen Points.

Front 28

Who were The allied leadersrepresented at the peace conference ending WWI

Back 28

David Lloyd George - Great Britain

Woodrow Wilson - US

Vittorio Orlando - Italy

George Clemenceau - France

Front 29

Oneof Wilson's major goals at Parris was to

Back 29

founda League of Nations to enforce peace

Front 30

The treaty ofVersailles WWWWW

Back 30

Created in 1919 by the leaders of the Allied Nations to officially end WWI. Its purpose was to punish Germany for bringing on the war

1. Redrew the map of Europe

2. Stripped Germany of its armed forces

3. Required Germany to pay reparations that would total $33 billion

It will be the main cause of WWII which began 20 years later.

Front 31

Republican,Henry Cabot Lodge,led opposition to

Back 31

the League of Nations in the US Senate.

Front 32

The Red Scare of1919 resulted from the

Back 32

threatAmericans felt from Russian Bolshevism.

Front 33

In 1919, a series of raids on immigrant neighborhoods was led by

Back 33

USAtty General A. Mitchell Palmer.

Front 34

Sacco& Vanzetti WWWW

Back 34

were Italian immigrants who were arrested and convicted for robbery and murder in 1920. They were executed in 1927. At the time many believed they were executed not because of their guilt, but because they were Italian immigrants and anarchists. This case is important because it represented the xenophobic and nativist attitudes prevalent in the 1920s.

Front 35

TheNational Origins Quota Act

Back 35

severely restricted immigration from countrieslike Italy, Russia, Germany and Greece but exempted those from Mexico.

Front 36

The1920s were also known as the

Back 36

JazzAge.

Front 37

Thesymbol of the liberated woman of the 1920s was

Back 37

theflapper.

Front 38

MargaretSanger introduced the term

Back 38

"birthcontrol".

Front 39

Thefirst commercial radio station was

Back 39

KDKAin Pittsburg Pennsylvania which began broadcasting in 1920.

Front 40

Thefirst movie with sound was

Back 40

theJazz Singer.

Front 41

Thebiggest sports star of the 1920s

Back 41

was Babe Ruth who hit 60 home runs for the NY Yankees in 1927.

Front 42

The Scopes MonkeyTrial

Back 42

In Dayton, Tennesseein 1925 High school Biology teacher John Scopes put on trial for violatinga state law that banned the teaching of evolution.Scopes was defendedby well-known defense lawyer Clarence Darrow and prosecuted by fundamentalistorator William Jennings Bryan. This caserepresented the clash between traditional rural values and modern city valuesin the 1920s.

Front 43

The18th Amendment (1919) prohibited

Back 43

themanufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages and brought on theera of Prohibition.

Front 44

Millionsof Americans bought liquor in

Back 44

illegalspeakeasies.

Front 45

Prohibitionbred a profound

Back 45

disrespectfor the law and allowed organized crime to gain a foothold in America.

Front 46

Thegreatest cultural advance of the 1920s was found in

Back 46

theoutpouring of literature

Front 47

Prominentwriters of the 1920s included

Back 47

T.S. Eliot,

F. Scott Fitzgerald,

Earnest Hemmingway, and

Willa Cather.

Front 48

Hemmingwayand other expatriates were known as

Back 48

theLost Generation.

Front 49

Theleading Social Critic of the 1920s was 3Bf;

Back 49

H.L. Mencken.

Front 50

Theperiod of distinguished creativity in African American art, literature andmusic in the 1920s was known as

Back 50

the Harlem Renaissance.

Front 51

TheHarlem Renaissance included poets like

Back 51

Langston Hughes and James Weldon Johnson andartists like Archibald Motley.

Front 52

Thegreat migration lasted from 1910 to 1930 when hundreds of thousands

Back 52

of African Americansmoved from the south to the north in America in search of industrial jobs.

Front 53

MarcusGarvey founded

Back 53

theUniversal Negro Improvement Association and advocated a back to Africa approachfor Black advancement.

Front 54

Wilberand Orville Wright

Back 54

made the firstflight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1903.

Front 55

The Spirit of St.Louis WWWWW

Back 55

The airplane flown by Charles Lindbergh in 1927 on a nonstop flight from NY to Parris. The 33 hour solo flight greatly increased public interest in flying. This lead to public acceptance of passenger airlines.

Front 56

Thekey to Ford's success in the auto industry was

Back 56

mass production utilizing a moving beltassembly line and interchangeable parts.

Front 57

Thecar that Henry Ford built for the masses was 931"}

Back 57

theModel T.

Front 58

Muchof the strength of the American economy of the 1920s came from

Back 58

the automobile industry and the industriestied to it, such as oil, steel, paint and rubber.

Front 59

Inthe 1920s the automobile

Back 59

profoundlychanged American life.

Front 60

TheAmerican economy of the 1920s witnessed

Back 60

anexplosive growth in consumer goods industries. .

Front 61

Therevolution in consumer goods

Back 61

disguisedthe decline in many traditional industries.

Front 62

WarrenHarding promised

Back 62

Americans a return to normalcy.

Front 63

TheChief figure in the Teapot Dome scandal was

Back 63

AlbertFall.

Front 64

Thehonesty and integrity of Calvin Coolidge reassured

Back 64

the nation after the Harding Scandals.

Front 65

In1928 15 nations signed

Back 65

theKellog-Briand pact which renounced war as an instrument of national policy.

Front 66

TheUS response to Japan's invasion of Manchuria was to

Back 66

refuseto recognize Japan's seizure of the territory.

Front 67

Theroot of the farmer's problems in the 1920s was

Back 67

overproduction

Front 68

Themost striking characteristic of the stock market in 1929 was

Back 68

investors obsession with speculation.

Front 69

October29, 1929

Back 69

theStock Market crashed.

Front 70

By1932 25% of American workers

Back 70

wereunemployed.

Front 71

During the depression people often turned to

Back 71

soupkitchens and bread lines for food.

Front 72

Hoover'sResponse to the Depression could best be described as

Back 72

restrained and cautions.

Front 73

TheReconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was a

Back 73

federal agency designed to loan money to financial institutions to prevent bankruptcies.

Front 74

Examples that thepublic blamed Hoover for the Depression:

Back 74

Hoovervilles - shanty towns for the homeless Hoover Blanket - newspapers used as blankets

Hoover flag - empty pockets

Front 75

Thebonus army consisted of

Back 75

WWIveterans who marched on Washington DC in 1932 seeking early payment of bonuses.

Front 76

FranklinD. Roosevelt won the presidential election of 1932 by promising

Back 76

anew deal for the American people.

Front 77

In his inaugural speech FDR told the American people the only thing we have to fear,

Back 77

isfear itself.

Front 78

Thehundred days refers to the period immediately after

Back 78

Rooseveltsfirst inauguration.

Front 79

Allof Roosevelts New Deal programs in the first 100 days were aimed at

Back 79

relief, recovery and reform.

Front 80

TheBank Holiday

Back 80

On March 5 1933 FDR ordered all of the nation's banks to close for four days. Only the banks that were financially sound would be allowed to reopen and they would be supported by government funds. This action ended the cycle of bank runs and bank closings and restored confidence in the American banking system.

Front 81

In1933 the Glass-Stegall Act created the253Bf;

Back 81

FDICwhich insured bank deposits to restore confidence in banking. (Federal DepositInsurance Corporation).

Front 82

TheSEC Securities and Exchange Commission was created to

Back 82

monitorthe nation's financial markets. body

Front 83

TheTennessee Valley Authority (TVA) brought

Back 83

flood control, electricity and jobs to a 7 state area in the rural South. }

Front 84

Thenational recovery administration (NRA)

Back 84

establishedguidelines for business and labor.

Front 85

Theagricultural adjustment act (AAA) allowed the federal government to

Back 85

paysubsidies to farmers who reduced their crop production.

Front 86

TheDust Bowl WWWWW

Back 86

occurred mostseverely in the panhandles of Texas andOklahoma in the mid-1930s. Years of drought andpoor farming methods along with a lack of foliage to hold down the soil led toa series of dust storms that ruined farms throughout the stricken area. Farmers were drivenfrom their land and many "Okies" were forced to seek migrant farmwork in California. The tragedy of theDust Bowl led to new methods of soil conservation and crop rotation.

Front 87

JohnSteinbeck wrote

Back 87

TheGrapes of Wrath about the plight of the Okies. .

Front 88

Thecivilian conservation corps hired

Back 88

youngmen to clear land, plant trees, build bridges and fish ponds. (CCC)

Front 89

TheWorks Progress Administration (WPA) hired

Back 89

Americansfor public works jobs but also helped employ American artists.

Front 90

Dr.Francis Townshend developed a large following with

Back 90

theTownshend plan which would pay $200 per month to every American over age 60.

Front 91

SenatorHuey Long of Louisiana and his Share the Wealth society promised

Back 91

everyAmerican an income of 2500 a year and a home worth $5k paid for by taxes on therich.

Front 92

The Social SecurityAct wwwww

Back 92

The most significant New Deal reform It was passed in 1935 and was FDRs response to the Townshend Plan.

1. Provided old age pensions to Americans age 65 and older

2. Established a system of worker's compensation

3. Provided welfare for the poor disabled and dependent children It established the precedent that the US government would help those who could not help themselves.

Front 93

The Wagner Act wwwww

Back 93

Passed in 1935; Itcreated the national labor relations board to preside over management/laborrelationsIt forced managementto recognize and allow unions and bargain collectively with them on wages hoursand working conditions. This lead to betterpay and conditions for American workers and was instrumental in creating a truemiddle class in America.

Front 94

TheFair Labor Standards Act established

Back 94

theminimum wage, 40 hour week and time and a half for overtime.

Front 95

TheCongress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) promoted

Back 95

theorganization of all workers not just skilled workers in a given industry.

Front 96

Thesit-down strike was first used against

Back 96

Generalmotors in 1936.

Front 97

Theindividual who was most responsible for promoting African American rightsduring the New Deal was

Back 97

HarryHopkins.

Front 98

Thefirst women cabinet member was

Back 98

FrancesPerkins who was secretary of labor under FDR.

Front 99

In 1937 FDR attempted to

Back 99

pack the Supreme Court with up to 6 additionaljustices who would be favorable to New Deal policies.