Afro American History Chapter 11-15 Test 3 Study Questions Mr. Brown #1

Front 1

General Benjamin Butler

Back 1

In 1861 he established the policy of declaring runaway slaves and refugees as confiscated property or contraband. #################################

Front 2

The Confiscation Act of 1861

Back 2

This act gave Union military leaders the freedom to seize any property (including slaves) that belonged to confederates that could be used to support their war efforts.

Front 3

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 3

On September 22, 1862, Lincoln issued this proclamation that stipulated that as of January 1, 1863 if the confederate states had not returned to the Union all slaves in the confederate states would be declared free.

Front 4

The Border States

Back 4

The Emancipation Proclamation of 1862 did not apply to these states. Their slave owners were allowed to keep their slaves. ######################################

Front 5

Massachusetts Black Troops

Back 5

These troops were by trade farmers, seamen, butchers, blacksmiths and teamsters. ##########################################################

Front 6

The Fort Pillow Massacre of April 22, 1864

Back 6

Confederate forces led by Nathan Bedford Forrest and former slave trader led a massacre executing more than 300 black troops after they surrendered to confederate forces after a bloody battle.

Front 7

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Back 7

A founder of the Klu Klux Klan and leader of the fort pillow massacre of April 22, 1864 ##################################################################

Front 8

The Battle at St. Petersburg Florida of 1864

Back 8

Black troops enacted their own revenge for the Ft. Pillow Massacre as they murdered several confederate prisoners as they shouted “ Remember Fort Pillow”

Front 9

Robert Smalls

Back 9

He and 15 other slaves captured a confederate supply ship at Fort Sumner and sailed to freedom. They subsequently surrendered the vessel to Union forces. He became a successful Republican politician in South Carolina.

Front 10

New York City Riot

Back 10

These bloody riots began to spread in July of 1863 and was led by Irish Catholic leaders #####################################################################

Front 11

Harriet Tubman

Back 11

During the Civil War she organized a spy ring in South Carolina that destroyed plantations and freed 800 slaves. #################################################################

Front 12

Mary Elizabeth Bowser

Back 12

She was a servant of Confederate President Jefferson Davis & while living in the confederate white house she transmitted secret messages to Union officers.

Front 13

Older slaves

Back 13

They were apprehensive about freedom and found it difficult to conceptualize freedom and what it meant. ##################################################

Front 14

Former slaves priorities

Back 14

The vast majority wanted to reunite with their families and legalize their marriages. ###################################################################

Front 15

Special Field Order #15

Back 15

This order was issued immediately after the war from an unlikely source in the person of General William T. Sherman of January 16, 1865. This order promised 40 acres and a mule.

Front 16

Promised 40 acres and a mule

Back 16

Special Field Order # 15 issued by General Sherman on January 16, 1865 ##########################################################################

Front 17

Freedmens Bureau

Back 17

In 1865 Congress created the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and abandoned lands. ##################################################################

Front 18

General Oliver O. Howard

Back 18

He was a devout Christian who was put in charge of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and abandoned lands. (Freedmens Bureau) ###############################################################

Front 19

Sharecropping

Back 19

In 1866 the Freedmens Bureau began advocating and supporting the concept of shared-cropping. #####################################################################

Front 20

Black Church

Back 20

This was second only to the importance of the Black Family. ####################################################################

Front 21

Former slaves/the Black Church

Back 21

This filled spiritual needs, offered music, extended charity, developed community and political leaders. #############################################################################

Front 22

Free of white supervision

Back 22

Because of this the Black Church was most important to former slaves and all Blacks ##################################################################

Front 23

Black colleges

Back 23

Their primary goal was to train and educate Black teachers. These sprang up during the late 1860s and early 1870s. Most of these institutions provided elementary and secondary education to African Americans.

Front 24

The American Missionary Association

Back 24

An abolitionist and Congregationalist organization worked with the Freedmens Bureau to build Black colleges throughout the South. ##################################################################

Front 25

Black Codes

Back 25

These laws passed by southern states that restricted the rights and liberties of former slaves. These imposed restrictions on the freedom of Black people.

Front 26

The Reconstruction Acts of 1867

Back 26

This divided the 10 southern states into 5 military districts, directed by army officers to register voters for the election of delegates to new constitutional conventions.

Front 27

Hiram R. Revels

Back 27

He was an African American Mississippi legislator who had received an education from Knox College in Illionis. In 1870 he was elected to the U.S. senate to fill the position which had previously been held by Jefferson Davis.

Front 28

Blanche K. Bruce

Back 28

He was another Negro politician from Mississippi who was elected as a U.S. Senator in 1874 & served as the first Afro American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate from 1875 to 1881.

Front 29

The Ku Klux Klan

Back 29

This organization was dedicated to southern vigilante justice and became the first original American domestic terrorists. ######################################################

Front 30

Pulaski, Tennessee in 1866

Back 30

The klan was founded in this city where former confederate soldiers played a prominent role in the activities of the klan. #############################################################