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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Battle Of Adrianople
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(378 AD)
-Huns attack Visogoths, Visogoths petitioned Romans to settle as allies in the roman empire -Poman officals tricked and cheated Visogoths -Vigogoths rampaged -East Rom. Emp. lost army and ruler in the battle |
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Septimus Severus
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(r. 193-211)
-Campaigns against Partians and Germans -Won Battle for the throne in 192 -created Donative= cash payment to soldiers if their general wins |
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Roman Stoicism
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-Living a just life
-Constancy to duty -Courage in adversity -service to humanity |
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Marcus Aurelius
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(r. 161-180)
-#5 of 5 good emporoers -troubled by invasion of Parthians and Germans -Wrote "Mediatations" - stoic idealism and love of humanity -Replaced lost pop. with germans who were recruited to fight |
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Hadrian
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(r. 117-138)
-#3 of 5 good emporers -stabalize boundaries of the empire -put up walls in Germany and Britain -Founded new cities -restored old cities -constructed public works:Pantheon |
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Tacitus
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(55-117)
-#2 of 5 good emporers -Wrote "Germania" -Germans are like us, we used to be how they are now, we should go back to those ways...family oriented |
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Pax Romana
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Roman Peace
-started under augustus and reached its peack under the 5 good emporers |
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Renaissance
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1350-1650
-Rediscovery or culture |
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Herold Godwinson
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-Claimed English kingdom in 1066 after
-defeated by william the conquorer at the battle of hastings |
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Magna Carta
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-"The Great Charter"
-signed by john lackland -guarantee certain feudal rights -kings powers were limited, not absolute |
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Hanseatic League
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Commercial League of mostly german cities ranging from english channel to baltic sea
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Wars of the roses
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(1455-1485)
-Civil war between yorkists & lancaster over succesion to english throne |
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Henry VII Tudor
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(r. 1485-1509)
-Victory of bloody 30 yr. battle -popular and effective monarch -national unity and secrurity |
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Hundred Years War
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(1337-1453)
-England vs. France -warfare over english holdings and feudal claims in france |
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Saladin
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-Sulton of Egypt and Syria
-Inspired 3rd Crusade in 1189 -Saladin vs. Richard the lion hearted -agreed to 3 yr. truce and free access to jarusalem for christian pilgrimage |
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Saracens
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7 major crusades and numerous small expeditions warred against the muslims
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Seljuk Turks
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-took over jarusalem preventing christian pilgrimage to see the holyland
-Abbisid Muslims |
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Muhammed
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(570-632)
-"The Prophet" -Born in arabia, orphaned - created religion of islam -converts= muslims -the god= allah -koran= book revelations |
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Charles Martel
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-mayor of the palace in 714
-"The Hammer" -Battle of tours vs. muslims -victory-- saving chrisitanity -heavy cavalry is effective -invented stirrup and saddle - increased knights |
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Tetonic Knights
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-aimed to protect pilrgims
-didnt marry -swore to poverty -connections in europe -main presence in holy land -perpetual war against muslims |
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Fedinand and Isabella
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-Of Castile
-Of Aragon -United 2 powerful christian stand -control most of Iberian peninsula -dominant power in europe |
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Lombard League
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-Cities in Northern Italy joined togeher to resist Fredrick I (barabarosa)
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Cicero
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Marcus Tullius Cicero
-one of the greatest masters of latin prose and an outstanding intellectual force in Roman History -wrote philosophy political theory, rhetoric -passed onto the romans and later ages of greek thought |
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Caliphate of Cordova
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-ruled Iberian Peninsula from 929-1031
-Umayyad Dynasty |
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Plantagenets
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-combined Norman institution with AngloSaxxons
-desended from william the conquorer -came to rule the angevine kingdom |
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Parliment
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-English Representative Assembly
-Fromed in 1295 by Edward I |
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Fredrick II
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-King of the 2 Sicilies
-oragnized and led 6th crusade -excommunicated 2 times for the same thing -Holy Roman Empire |
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Decentralization
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-to distribute adminstrative functions of powers of a central authority among several local authorities
-redistribution of an urban population and industry to suburban local authorities |
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Nation-state
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-poitical unit
-state inhabited by a group of ppl sharing a common nationality |
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Fortified Place
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-place protected against attack
-strong -miliatary works |
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Crusaders
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-Lating Kingdom of Jarusalem
-County of Tripolis -Principality of -Edessa |
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Vassal
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-promise to lord he would remain loyal
-primary duty is milarty serivce -could assit in rendering justice -rights to demand $$ (aids) |
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Fief
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-grant made to vassal in exchange for military serivice
-income of land= income to vassal |
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Lord
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*or Suzerain
-ruler that exercises political control over a dependent state |
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Subinfudation
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feudal hierarchy:
King-Kingdom Duke- Dukedom Count-County Barron-Barrony Knight-Kightly fief Lord Vassal Serfs or Coloni } 90% of pop. |
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Chivalry
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System of ethical ideals
-gentlemanly conduct -valor -honor -courtesy -loyalty -gallantry towanrd women (traces back to illiad and odessy) |
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Heraldry
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-Coat of arms that identified you on a battlefield
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Feudalism
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-type of gov't where political power in exercised locally by private individuals rathers than agents of a centralized state (800-1000)
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Margrave
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supervise or "Kings Envoy"
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Missi Dominici
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or MarkGraft
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Karl Der Grosse
Charlemagne Charles The Great |
(r.768-814)
-king of Franks and Holy Roman Empire -Carolingian -Empire in 300 divisions under a count/graft -capitol= New Rome -not sophisticated gov't -he choose all the officials |
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Bourgeoise
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-Rise in middle/merchant class
"$ class" |
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Hosptitaller Knights
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-cared for sick knights
-13th cent. |
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Templar Knights
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-semi monastic
-helped develop holy lands -headquarters were an old temple site of jarusalem -military orders |
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Alfred the Great
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(849-899)
-King of Anglo Saxxon, Wessex -defeated against Danish Vikings |
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King Arthur
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-leader during invading Anglosaxons
-Knights of round table -associated code of chivalry -Excalibur -Camelot |
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Robert Guiscard
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(1015-1085)
-Norman Adventurer -Conquest of Southern Italy and Sicily -Count and Duke |
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Franks and Christianity
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-strongest of germanic tribes
-Alamani= tribe of the allmen, were arian christians "jesus is a warrior god" |
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Clovis I
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(r. 481-511)
-merovingian Dynasty -united franks -only orthadox christian ruler in the west -occupied paris and gaul |
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Germans and the Roman Empire
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-faced eachother across the rhine-Danube River
-rome traded into germany -germans entered rome as slaves -germans settled on vacated land and served in roman army -kept in check by arms, walls, diplomacy and gifts |
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Constatine the Great
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(306-337)
-favors christianity -collected taxes -decrees= tied ppl to their land and occupation -rome is longer the capitol...its moved to Byzantium and renamed Constantinople |
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Flavian Dynasty
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(69-93)
Vespian (2 sons) 1. Titus 2. Domitian -autocratic rulers -right of conquest and inhiertiance |
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Diocletian
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(285-305)
-"Most Sacred Lord" -reestabolish boundaries -reconstruct empire -issued new coins based on gold ans silver -price and wage freeze -gave away the west rome -kept east b.c it needed the most work -retired in 305 |
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Economic Problems Of later Roman Empire
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-overproduction
-loans at a 5% interest rate -drain of $ to east to purchase luxury silks and spices -monetary inflation |
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Antonine
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1.Livy
2. Tacitus 3.Hadrian 4. 5. marcus aurelius |