Histology Test 3 Respiratory 2

Front 1

What kind of epithelial cells line the respiratory bronchioles?

Back 1

1. simple ciliated cuboidal
2. clara cells

Front 2

This type of airway has a wall lined by alveoli.

Back 2

Alveolar Duct

Front 3

The lamina propria of the alveolar duct is very ___ and contains what?

Back 3

Very thin
Contains smoot muscle, elastic fibrils and collagen fibrils

Front 4

These are the dead-ends of the alveolar ducts.

Back 4

Alveolar sacs

Front 5

____ is not present in alveolar sacs.

Back 5

Smooth muscle

Front 6

This is the end of the respiratory system.

Back 6

Alveoli

Front 7

What is the border between adjacent alveoli called?

Back 7

Alveolar Septum

Front 8

Does the alveolar septum contain lymphatics?

Back 8

No.

Front 9

What are the cell types of the alveolar wall?

Back 9

Type I Pneumocyte
Type II Pneumocyte
Endothelial Cells

Front 10

Type I Pneumocytes
function?

Back 10

specialized for gas exchange

Front 11

These very thin-walled cells are the predominant cell type of the alveolar wall.

Back 11

Type I Pneumocytes.

Front 12

Which cell type of the alveolar wall is most susceptible to damage?

Back 12

Type I Pneumocytes

Front 13

What is the function of Type II Pneumocytes?

Back 13

Produce surfactant

Front 14

What type of alveolar wall cell can differentiate into Type I Pneumocytes?

Back 14

Type II Pneumocytes

Front 15

These are cuboidal cells that produce surfactant in the alveoli.

Back 15

Type II Pneumocytes

Front 16

In the alveoli, where specifically does gas exchange take place?

Back 16

Where the endothelial basement membrane has fused with the basement membrane of Type I Pneumocytes.

Front 17

What do Endothelial cells of the alveolar wall make up?

Back 17

For the walls of continuous capillaries found in the alveolar septum.

Front 18

What 3 parts of the alveolar wall make up the Blood-Air Barrier?

Back 18

1. Type I Pneumocyte Cell Membrane
2. Fused basement membrane of Type I Pneumocyte and Capillary Endothelium
3. Endothelial Cell Membrane

Front 19

What are the cell types of the alveolar SEPTUM?

Back 19

1. Alveolar Macrophages (Dust cells)
2. Fibroblasts
3. Mast Cells
4. Contractile Cells

Front 20

Where are alveolar macrophages found?

Back 20

In the interalveolar SEPTUM or on the alveolar surface

Front 21

How are the alveolar macrophages removed from the alveoli once they have filled with gunk?

Back 21

1. May enter respiratory and terminal bronchioles to be removed by cilia.
2. May enter the lymphatic system.

Front 22

Where in the alveoli would you find fibroblasts?

Back 22

Found on the thick side of the endothelial cells of the alveolar wall.

Front 23

Where would you find the interstitium of the lung?

Back 23

This is the connective tissue between the membrane surfaces of the endothelial cell not involved in respiration.

Front 24

What would you find in the interstitium of the lung?

Back 24

Collagen
Elastic Fibers
Proteoglycans

Front 25

In ____ there is an increase in the number of fibroblasts in the interstitium, and therefore, in the amount of collagen and elastin. This impairs gas exchange when the CT encroaches upon the thin side.

Back 25

Interstitial Fibrosis

Front 26

What are alveolar pores?

Back 26

Tiny holes that connect adjacent alveoli

Front 27

These structures are thought to provide collateral circulation to the alveoli and also allow the spread of infection through the lungs.

Back 27

Alveolar Pores

Front 28

What are the 4 types of pulmonary vasculature?

Back 28

Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Veins
Bronchial Arteries
Bronchial Veins

Front 29

The pulmonary arteries are ____ arteries.

Back 29

Elastic

Front 30

The elastic fibers within the tunica media of the pulmonary arteries are oriented how? Why is this?

Back 30

Oriented longitudinally.
Helps to accomodate the stretching of the lungs during inspiration

Front 31

At the level of the ____, pulmonary arteries switch from elastic to ___ arteries.

Back 31

Bronchioles
Muscular

Front 32

How do the pulmonary arteries terminate?

Back 32

As alveolar capillaries in the septum

Front 33

The Tunica Media of the Pulmonary Veins contains ___ fibers in addition to ___ and ____.

Back 33

Elastic Fibers
Collagen
Smooth Muscle

Front 34

Bronchial arteries are ___ arteries.

Back 34

Muscular

Front 35

Bronchial arteries are branches of the ___ and carry ____ blood to the ____.

Back 35

Thoracic Aorta
Oxygenated
Lung Tissue

Front 36

What path do the bronchial arteries follow and what layer do they travel in?

Back 36

Follow the bronchial tree in the adventitia of the airway system.

Front 37

Bronchial veins run with the ____.

Back 37

Bronchial arteries