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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The contents of this are the nucleus, ribosome, Nissl bodies, Golgi and lots of mitochondria.
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Soma
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What types of inclusions may be found in neurons?
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Lipofuscin
Lewy Bodies |
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This yellow-brown pigmen is a by-product of lysosomal activity.
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Lipofuscin
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Lewy Bodies
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Small inclusions found in the cytoplasm of injured or dying neurons.
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The presence of what is a histological marker of the degenerative changes in Parkinsons disease and other neurological conditions?
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Lewy Bodies
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Axolemma
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the cell membrane of the axon
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Axoplasm
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The cytoplasm of an axon
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Anterograde flow
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Soma towards axon
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Retrograde flow
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Movement up the axon towards the soma.
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Most neurons are what type?
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Multipolar
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What is the function of Multipolar neurons?
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Motor
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What is the structure of a bipolar neuron?
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One axon and one dendrite
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Where are bipolar neurons found?
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The ganglia of the special senses (sight, hearing, etc)
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Motor or Sensory?
Multipolar Bipolar Unipolar |
Multipolar- motor
Bipolar- sensory Unipolar- sensory |
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What is the structure of a unipolar neuron?
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Unipolar neurons have one process that extends from the cell body and divides into a central and peripheral branch.
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In a unipolar axon, both branches are structurally what?
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Axons
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What are the four types of Neuroglia?
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Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Cells |
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Glioma
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Collective term for tumors of the NS which generally arise from glial cells since neurons dont divide.
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Oligodendrocytes are responsible for ? They are found in the __ matter?
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Responsible for CNS myelination.
Found in gray and white matter. |
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Which can envelop segments of more than one axon? Schwann cells or Oligodendrocytes?
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Oligodendrocytes
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What are the main functions of astrocytes?
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Carrying nutrients from blood
Maintaining ionic conditions Neuron migration through development |
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These glial cells are the blood brain barrier police men.
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Astrocytes
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There are the largest number of what type of glial cells?
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Astrocytes
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Astrocytes are located in the ___ matter?
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grey and white
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Phagocytic cells of CNS?
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Microglia
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Microglia are found in ___ matter? They arise from ___?
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grey and white matter
monocytes |
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Ependymal cells are ____ cells that line the ____?
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Ependymal cells are ciliated cells that line the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain.
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These modified glial cells form part of the choroid plexus.
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Ependymal cells.
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Multiple Sclerosis
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primary demyelinating disease. Plaques cause demyelination leading to glial scar tissue and axon degeneration.
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When can a Schwann cell associate with multiple neurons?
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When they are unmyelinated.
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What are the 3 layers of CT sheathing that cover peripheral nerves?
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Epineurium
Perineurium Endoneurium |
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Blood vessels run in what part of the CT sheath covering peripheral nerves?
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Epineurium
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This surrounds a bundle of axons (fascicle).
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Perineurium
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A very fine sheath of reticular fibers that surrounds the individual axons in a peripheral nerve.
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Endoneurium
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Viruses may travel through this layer of CT surrounding a peripheral nerve.
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Endoneurium
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Dorsal root ganglion contain what?
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The soma of pseudounipolar neurons
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Pacinian corpuscles
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onion shaped pressure senson found in deep layers of skin.
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Meissner's Corpuscles
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fine touch receptors. look like a small tornado. more superficial than pacinian corpuscles
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Intrafusal fibers/ muscle spindles
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receptors that monitor the amount and rate of stretch in a muscle
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