Histo

Front 1

Digestive Tract

Back 1

long tube extending from mouth to anus.

Front 2

Associated glands

Back 2

located outside of tube and deliver secretions into it via ducts

Front 3

Digestion is accomplished by:

Back 3

1) cutting & grinding of teeth
2) action of HCl & hydrolytic enzymes.

Front 4

Lip: external aspect

Back 4

1) covered by skin containing hair and sweat and sebaceous glands.
2) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Front 5

Lip: internal aspect

Back 5

1) non-keratinized strat'd squamous epithelium
2) lamina propria: lots of (mucous) glands
3) numerous sensory endings present

Front 6

Lip: free margin

Back 6

1) located between external and internal aspects
2) thick STRATUM LUCIDUM- renders it more transparent
3) high papillae in underlying dermis w/rich capillary plexus
4) no glands present - must lick to keep moist.

Front 7

Lip: vermillion border

Back 7

1) transition between keratinized and non-keratinized epithelium
2) usually on the free margin

Front 8

sulcus terminalis -

Back 8

V-shaped groove; separates anterior 2/3rds of tongue from
posterior 1/3rd.

Front 9

filiform papillae

Back 9

a) arranged in rows parallel to s. terminalis
b) 2-3 mm in height
c) partially keratinized

Front 10

fungiform papillae

Back 10

a) good blood supply - can appear red
b) mushroom-shaped
c) disposed singly among rows of filiform; more numerous at tip of tongue
d) some contain TASTE BUDS on dorsum

Front 11

circumvallate (vallate)papillae

Back 11

a) 7-12 in region of s. terminalis
b) TASTE BUDS present on lateral portion
c) numerous glands of Von Ebner; glands function to remove debris so new
stimuli can be received. Empty into trough surrounding papilla.

Front 12

Location of Taste Buds

Back 12

a. vallate papillae
b. fungiform papillae (some)
c. glossopalatine arch
d. epiglottis
e. palate

Front 13

Taste bud supporting (sustentacular) cells:

Back 13

pale-staining

Front 14

Taste bud neuroepithelial taste cells

Back 14

darker-staining; 4-16 in each taste bud; short taste
hairs project into pore or opening of taste bud.

Front 15

Taste bud basal cells -

Back 15

function as stem cells

Front 16

Function - production of saliva

Back 16

a. LUBRICATES buccal mucosa
b. WASHES oral cavity
c. MOISTENS food
d. BUFFERS acidity

Front 17

Parotid gland: cellular components (by volume)

Back 17

1) secretory cells - 90%
2) striated ducts - 5%
3) other - 5%

Front 18

Submandibular gland: cellular components (by volume)

Back 18

1) serous cells - 80%
2) mucous cells - 5%
3) striated ducts - 5%
4) other - 10%

Front 19

Sublingual gland: cellular components (by volume)

Back 19

1) serous cells - 30%
2) mucous cells - 60%
3) striated ducts - 3%
4) other - 7%

Front 20

parasympathetics -

Back 20

produce copious secretion

Front 21

sympathetics -

Back 21

diminishes secretion thru vasoconstriction

Front 22

deciduous teeth

Back 22

a) 5 in each 1/2 jaw = 20
b) formula: I2/2 C1/1 DM2/2
c) 1st erupt 6-7 mo. post-partum; complete by 2 years
d) shed between 6-13 yrs; replaced by permanent set

Front 23

permanent teeth

Back 23

a) 8 in each 1/2 jaw = 32
b) formula: I2/2 C1/1 P2/2 M3/3
c) I = incisors; C = canines; P = premolars; M = molars

Front 24

periodontal ligament (PDL):

Back 24

made up of dense C.T.

Front 25

odontoblasts

Back 25

Dentin produced by _______

Front 26

incremental lines (of Von Ebner)

Back 26

- rhythmic deposition of dentin

Front 27

Enamel

Back 27

mainly calcium
phosphate in form of apatite crystals: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2.

Front 28

ameloblasts

Back 28

enamel formed by _________

Front 29

enamel prisms:

Back 29

1) structural unit of enamel
2) interprismatic substance - "glues" prisms together
3) organic material is neither collagen nor keratin; is rich
in proline; cross beta configuration.

Front 30

lines of Retzius -

Back 30

rhythmical deposition of enamel

Front 31

Sharpey's fibers

Back 31

coarse fibers of periodontal ligament enter cementum as _________

Front 32

1) initiation
2) proliferation
3) histodifferentiation - devel. of different cell types
4) morphodifferentiation - formation of tooth outline (prior to laying down of
enamel and dentin)
5) apposition - laying down of ground substance and calcification
6) eruption

Back 32

physiological processes in dvlpment of teeth

Front 33

1) dental lamina
2) tooth bud (tooth primordium)
3) cap stage (differential proliferation of bud)
4) bell stage

Back 33

morphological stages of tooth dvlpmt

Front 34

1) dental lamina

Back 34

a) concentration of mesenchymal cells along future dental arch
b) epithelial cells undergo rapid mitoses producing downgrowth into
underlying mesenchyme; formsing a ridge = dental lamina; separated from
mesenchyme by a basement membrane

Front 35

tooth bud (tooth primordium)

Back 35

a) enamel organ
b) 20 oval swellings arise from dental lamina (10 each jaw): connected to
surface epith. by dental lamina

Front 36

3) cap stage (differential proliferation of bud)

Back 36

a) bud continues to proliferate
b) unequal growth of bud leads to formation of shallow invagination on deep
surface of bud
c) condensed mesenchyme in depression of cap proliferates: forms dental
papilla
d) mesenchyme condenses around periphery of enamel organ; will form
dental sac
e) enamel organ begins to differentiate into inner and outer enamel
epithelium (low columnar to cuboidal)

Front 37

4) bell stage

Back 37

odontoblasts induce differentiation of inner enamel epithelium
into ameloblasts

Front 38

ameloblasts

Back 38

odontoblasts induce differentiation of inner enamel epithelium
into __________