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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bernard, Apologia (5.18)
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1125. The Cistercian View. tension between Cistercians and the traditional Benedictines, Cluniacs or the Black Monks. Refers to St. Anthony of 4th century. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) arrives at Citeaux in 1112. He advises Popes. (Pope Eugene, who declares the 2nd Crusade). gains support during the Second Crusade. Important spiritual mystic an theologian.
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Peter the Venerable, Miracles (5.19)
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mid 1130s-mid 1150s. Peter the Venerable. Peter the Venerable became abbot of Cluny in 1122. Written over the course of his last 20 years. To praise cluniac monks. Cluny was the embodiment of Christian virtue on earth, the "refuge" of sinners, and the model of monastic life. "asylum of all Christians" fame, Universal church. Tried to use logic to understand theology.
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Life of Mary Oignies (6.26)
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1213. Jacques de Vitry. Learned about Mary of Oignies when he was a regular canon (lives according to the Rule of St. Augustine rather than Benedict) at Oignies. Mary (1177-1213) led a house of Beguines. Jacques support for them helped legitimize them. Biography --> Mary as a semi saint. Direct appeal to the papacy in 1216 --> Beguines' official recognition. Compare to the Life of St. Radegund.
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Franciscan Rule
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Apostolic Life
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Decress of the Lateran IV (6.23)
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Fourth Lateran Council (1215) Called by Pope Innocent III. turning point in the history of Church. - produced a comprehensive set of canons - most of them prepared by the pope's committees beforehand - to reform both clergy and laity. In effect it produced a code for Christian society as a whole. codified many doctrines, policies, and practicies. Meant to purify Christendom of the contaminating presence of heretics and Jews. Compare with Council of Orleans in the sixth century. (<-- called by request of King Clovis. Imperial influence)
Changes: Marriage, |
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Episcopal Register (7.10)
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1318-1325. Jacques Fournier = Pope Benedict XII. third pope at Avignon, respnonsible for building the papl palace there. Before, he was at native city of Pamiers. Officials took record of confessions and suspected heresy. mostly dualist heresy. Guillaume Austatz was convicted here - a wealthy peasant farmer and also the king's baille (legal and fiscal authority)
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Statute of the Jewry and Petition of the Jews (7.12)
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1275 and shortly after 1275. King Henry III needed revenues. Taxes, fines, and confiscations. first Jewish expulsion at Bury St. Edmunds. Then Jews of Leicester were expelled, b/c of stories of Jewish ritual killing circulated. Between 1234 and 1243, numerous cities and counties of England expelled Jews. using church canons against the "sin of usury," he issued the Statute of the Jewry in 1275, prohibiting Jews from charging interest and all current debts to Jews be settled for less than owed. To compensate, Jews allowed to become merchants, artisans, aor farmers, but the Petition says Jews could not e any of them, because they could not travel safely or extend credit. Edward expelled all Jews from England in 1291.
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Clericis laicos (7.15)
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1296. Boniface VIII. Kings Philip IV of France and Edward I of England taxed their clergy heavily to fund the war. Pope Boniface VIII (r.1294-1303) objected in this papal bull that laymen, even rulers had no control over the clergy. In response, Philip prohibited any gold or silver from leaving France, thus depriving the pope of a major revenue source. Edward declared the English clergy "outlaw". Boniface backs down. Compare to Gregory VII's Letter to Hermann of Metz. During iconoclasm. Gregory arguing that spiritual leader is the ultimate power.
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Unam Sanctam (7.16)
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1302. Boniface VIII. In 1301, King Philip IV of France arrested on charges of treason the bishop of Pamiers, whom Boniface had named to the post without royal approval. (:ole Becket in 12th cen England) Boniface demanded that the bishop be tried in a church court. Unam Sanctam affirmed the superior power of the pope. He excommunicates Philip. Compare this bull to Clericis Laicos. Every man's salvation is subject to the Roman Pontiff. One body and one head. Two swords - spiritual and temporal. Temporal assits the spiritual only.
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Charges against Boniface VIII (7.17)
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1303. William of Plaisans. - councillor to King Philip IV well trained in the law claimed that Boniface was a heretic. invented charges - pure propaganda. Appearance of nationalism. "Frenchman"
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Sermon at the Council of Constance (8.15)
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Ordinances against the Spread of the Plague (8.5)
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1348.
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Wat Tyler's Rebellion (8.13)
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Discourse on Alleged Donation of Constantine (8.21)
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