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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RESPIRATION
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THE EXCHANGE OF GASES BETWEEN A LIVING ORGANISM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT
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NAME THE COMPONENTS OF THE UPPER AIRWAY
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NASAN CAVITY, ORAL CAVITY, PHARNYX
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NASAL SEPTUM
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CARLILAGE THAT SEPERATES LEFT AND RIGHT NASAL CAVITIES
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SINUS
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AIR CAVITY THAT CUNDUCTSFLUIDS FROM THE EUSTACHIAN TUBES AND EAR DUCTS TO AND FRON PHARNYX
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EUSTACHIAN TUBES
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A TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE EAR WITH THE NASAL CAVITY
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NASOLACRIMAL DUCT
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NARROW TUBE THAT CARRY INTO THE NASAL CAVITY TEARS AND DEBRIS THAT HAVE DRAINED FROM THE EYE
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MUCOUS MEMBRAIN
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TISSUES LINING THE BODDY CAVITIES THAT COMMUNICATE WITH THE AIR; USUALY CONTAINS MUCUS-SECRETING CELLS
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WHAT ARE THE RAGIONS OF THE PHARYNX
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NASOPHARYNX, OROPHARYNX, LARYNGOPHARYNX
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VELECULA
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DEPRESSION BETWEEN THE EPIGLOTIS AND THE BASE OF THE TONGUE
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LARYNX
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STURUCTURE THAT JOINS THE PHARYNX TO THE TRACHEA, CONSIST OF THYROID AND CRICOID CARTILAGE, GLOYIC OPENING, VOCAL CORDS, ARYTENOID CARTILAGE, PYRIFORM FOSSAE, AND CRICOTHYROID MEMBRANE
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GLOTTIS
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LIP-LIKE OPENING BETWEEN THE VOCAL CORDS
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SELLICKS MANEUVER
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PRESSURE APPLIED IN A POSTERIOR DIRECTION TO THE ANTERIOR CRICOID CARTILAGE THAT OCCLUDES THE ESOPHAGUS
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WHAT ARE THE LOWER AIRWAY COMPONENTS
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TRACHEA, BRONCHI, ALVEOLI, LUMG PARENCHYMA, PLUREA
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TRACHEA
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10-12 CM LONG TUBE THAT CONECTS THE LARNYX TO THE MAINSTEM BRONCHI
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WICH BRONCHI IS ALMOST STRAIGHT
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RIGHT
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ATELACTASIS
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ALVEOLAR COLLAPSE
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VISCERAL PLEURA
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ENVENVELOPES THE LUNGS AND DOES NOT CONTAIN NERVE FIBERS
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PARIETAL PLEURA
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LINES THE THORASIC CAVITY AND CONTAINS NERVE FIBERS
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PA
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ALVEOLAR PARTIAL PRESSURE
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Pa
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ARTERIAL PARTIAL PRESSURE
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PNEUMOTHORAX
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ACCUMULATION OF AIR OR GAS IN THE PLEURAL CAVITY
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HEMOTHORAX
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ACCUMULATION OF BLOOD OR FLUID IN THE PLEURAL CAVITY
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PULMONARY EMBOLISM
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BLOOD CLOT THAT TRAVELS TO THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND HINDERS OXYGENATION OF THE BLOOD
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HYPERCARBIA
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EXCESSIVE CARBON DIOXIDE IN BLOOD
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HYPOXEMIA
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DECREASED OXYGEN LEVEL
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HYPOXIC DRIVE
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MECHANISM THAT INCREASES RESPIRATORY STIMULATION WHEN BLOOD OXYGEN FALLS AND INHIBITS RESPIRATORY STIMULATION WHEN BLOOD OXYGEN CLIMBS
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TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY
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MAX LUNG CAPACITY AT END OF MAX INSPIRATION, ADULT MALE IS APROX. 6 LITERS
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HYPOXIA
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INSUFFICIENT O2 AVAILABLE TO MEET O2 REQUIREMENTS OF CELL TISSUE
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HYPOXEMIA
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REDUCTION OF PARTIAL PRESSURE OF O2 IN ARTERIAL BLOOD
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ORTHOPNEA
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NEED TO BE POSITIONED TO BREATH, SITTING OR STANDING
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CYANOSIS
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BLUISH COLOR OF SKIN DUE TO INCREASED CO2 IN BLOOD
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WHAT JOB DOES UPPER AIRWAY PERFORM
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WARMS-BY MUCOUS MEMBRANES
CLEANS-MUCOUS MEMBRANES TRAP FOREIGNERS HUMIDIFIES-MIXES WITH MOISTURE |
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WHAT IS JOB OF PHARYNX
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MOVES AIR, FOOD, DRINK IN AND OUT
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PALATINE TONSILS
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LOCATED ON EACH SIDE OF THROAT, WHY YOU DONT ROTATE OPA WHEN INSERTING INTO CHILDREN
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PHARYNGEAL TONSILS
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AKA: ADENOIDS, LOCATED NEAR POSTERIOR OPENING OF NASAL CAVITY, UNDER ROOF OF MOUTH
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LINGUAL TONSILS
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NEAR BASE OF TONGUE
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EPIGLOTTIS
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LEAF-SHAPED CARTILAGE CONNECTED THYROID BONE AND THYROID CARTILAGE, PREVENTS FOOD AND LIQUIDS FROM ENTERING RESPIRATORY TRACT
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WHEN IS SELLICS MANEUVER NOT USED
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ON PATIENTS WHO ARE ACTIVE VOMITING
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ARYTENOID CARTILAGE
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ATTACHED TO VOCAL CORDS, OPENS AND CLOSES VOCAL CORDS
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STIMULATION OF VAGUS NERVE CAN CAUSE
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BRADYCARDIA, HYPOTENSION, BRADYPNEA
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WHAT KEEPS ALVEOLI OPEN
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SURFACTANT- LOWERS SURFACE TENTION IN ALVEOLI
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WHAT IS NECESSARY FOR MOVEMENT OF GASES
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PATENT AIRWAY, INTACT RESPIRATORY MUSCLES, OPEN AIR PASSAGES, ADEQUATE PULMONARY BLOOD SUPPLY, APPROPRIATE NEUROLOGICAL CONTROL
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HOW MANY LOBES ARE IN EACH LUNG
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RIGHT- 3
LEFT- 2 |
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PULMONARY (EXTERNAL) RESPIRATION
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TAKES PLACE IN CAPILLARY BEDS OF ALVEOLI
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CELLULAR (INTERNAL) RESPIRATION
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TAKES PLACE CAPILLARY BEDS OF SYSTEMIC TISSUE
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DIAPHRAM IS WHAT % OF INSPIRATION WORK
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70%
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WHAT ARE THE ACCESSORY MUSCLES FOR RESPIRATION
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STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID, INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL, ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
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THYROID CARTILAGE
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NAROWEST IN ADULTS, HOUSES VOCAL CORDS, SURROUNDED BY C-SHAPED CARTILAGE, TWO FUSED CARTILAGES FORM ADAMS APPLE
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BLOOD FROM RIGHT SIDE OF HEART IS
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LOW IN O2, AND HIGH IN CO2
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BLOOD FROM LEFT SIDE OF HEART IS
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HIGH IN O2, AND LOW IN CO2
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VOCAL CORDS
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AIR PASSAGE, SOUND PRODUCTION, PROTECT LOWER AIRWAY
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LIST ORDER OF PULMONARY CIRCULATION
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RIGHT VENTRICALE
PULMONIC VALVE PULMONARY ARTERIES, ARTERIOLES CAPILLARIES IN LUNGS, VENULES PULMONARY VEINS, LEFT ATRIUM |
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LIST ORDER OF SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
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LEFT VENTRICALE, AORTIC VALVE, AORTA, ARTERIES, ARTERIOLES, CAPILLARIES IN BODY TISSUE, VENULES, VEINS, VENA CAVA, RIGHT ATRIUM, TRICUSPID VALVE, RIGHT VENTRICLE, PULMONARY SIMILUNAR, LUNGS, LEFT ATRIUM, BICUSPID VALVE, LEFT VENTRICLE
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LOWER AIRWAY
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TRACHEA SPLITS AT CARINA(T5-T6) TO BECOME RIGHT AND LEFT BRONCHI
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RESPIRATORY CENTER
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MEDULLA- INSPIRATION AND EXPIRATION, APNEUSTIC CENTER- IN PONS, ASSOCIATED WITH INSPIRATION, PNEUMOTAXIC CENTER- IN PONS, ASSOCIATED WITH EXPIRATION
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HOW IS MEDULLA CONNECTED TO RESPIRATORY MUSCLES
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PHRENIC AND INTERCOSTAL NERVES
- STIMULATE INSPIRATION VAGUS NERVE- BEGIN EXPIRATION |
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ALVEOLI
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1.5 MILL. IN EACH LUNG, HOLLOW THIN WALLED 1-2 CELLS THICK, CAPILLARIES COVER OUTER SURFACE, THEY BECOME THINNER AS THEY EXPAND, THIS FACILITATES
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PHRENIC NERVE
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ORIGINATE BETWEEN C-345, INNERVATE DIAPHRAGM
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INTERCOSTAL NERVE
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ORIGINATE BETWEEN T-2 - T-12, INNERVATE EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
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PULMONARY ARTERIES TAKE BLOOD FROM
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HEART TO LUNGS
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HERING-BREUER REFLEX
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VAGUS INNERVATES BRONCHI, BRONCHIOLS, AND LUNGS, WHEN DISTENDED STRETCH RECEPTORS SEND MESSAGE TO VAGUS NERVE TO STIMULATE INSPIRATION. TO STOP MEDULA SENDS MESSAGE DOWN PHRENIC, INTERCOSTAL NERVE, ALLOWING LUNGS TO RECOIL AND EXHALE OCCURES
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PULMONARY VEINS TAKE BLOOD FROM
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LUNG TO HEART
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WHAT IS PURPOSE OF HERRING-BREUER REFLEX
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TO PREVENT BAROTRAUMA
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WHAT ARE CHEMORECEPTORS STIMULATED BY
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DECREASED PaO2, DECREASED pH, INCREASED PaCO2
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BRONCHIAL ARTERIES TAKE BLOOD FROM
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AORTA TO LUNGS
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BRONCHIAL VEINS TAKE BLOOD FROM
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LUNGS TO HEART
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WHAT FACTORS DECREASE O2 IN BLOOD
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DECREASED HEMOGLOBIN- ANEMIA, HEMORRAGE, INADEQUATE VENTILATION- LOW O2, PARALYSIS, EMPHYSEMA, ASTHMA, PNEUMOTHORAX
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HOW IS CO2 TRANSPORTED IN BLOOD
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70% IN HCO3, 20% ON HEMOGLOBIN, LESS THAN 7% IN PLASMA. CO2 MOVES TO RBC, MIXES WITH H2O, FORMES H2CO3, FORMS HCO3 + H, HCO3 LEAVES RBC, H IS BUFFERED INTO HEMOGLOBIN, CO2 AND H2O EXHALED
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WHERE IS THE RESPIRATORY CENTER LOCATED
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BRAIN STEM, PONS AND MEDULLA OBLONGATA
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MEDULA
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MAIN CENTER OF INSPIRATION AND EXPIRATION, PHRENIC AND INTERCOSTAL NERVE- STIMULATE INSPIRATION, VAGUS NERVE- BEGIN EXPIRATION
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PHRENIC NERVE
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ORIGINATE BETWEEN C-3,4,5, INNERVATE DIAPHRAGM
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INTERCOSTAL NERVES
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ORIGINATE BETWEEN T-2 - T-12, INNERVATE EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
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