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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fresh frozen plasma is useful to treat deficiencies in all clotting factors except factors ___ and ___.
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VIII; IX (bc there are recombinant factors 8 and 9 available for hemophilias a and b)
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Rh negative females of childbearing age who need transfusions must receive:
a. Rh positive rbc's b. Rh negative rbc's c. Rh positive platelets d. Rh negative platelets e. A and C f. B and D |
F. these pts should receive Rh negative platelets since a small amt of rbc is contaminated
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What happens if Rh positive platelets are accidently given to a Rh negative pt?
a. do a plasmaphoresis b. redo the blood transfusion c. administer Rh immune globulin d. none of the above |
C.
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Rh negative patients can receive which type of plasma cryoprecipitate?
a. Rh positive b. Rh negative c. both |
C.
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Which of these conditions can you NOT use FFP to treat?
a. hemophilia A b. hemophilia B c. Vit k deficiency d. A and B e. none of the above |
D.
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which of the following is NOT a way that the body forms ABO antibodies against mismatched RBC's:
a. pregnancy b. transfusion c. infection d. transplantation |
C.
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What is the main difference in antibody formation within the human body between ABO and Rh antibodies?
a. ABO ab's are naturally occuring and Rh ab's are not b. Rh ab's are naturally occuring and ABO ab's are not c. both of the above d. none of the above |
A. Therefore, a Rh negative patient will not naturally form Ab's to Rh postiive RBCs. for Rh neg mothers to get antibodies they must have first exposure through Rh positive fetal blood. this antigenic exposure will begin maternal anti-Rh production and thus, set the second pregnancy up for failure
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Antibody screening test for RBCs is done by:
a. direct Coombs test b. indirect Coombs test |
B.
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Which of these tests will look for antibodies already on the RBCs themselves, causing agglutination?
a. direct Coombs test b. indirect Coombs test |
A.
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The direct Coombs test is useful for all of the following EXCEPT:
a. AIHA b. hemolytic disease of the newborn c. MAHA d. transfusion hemolysis |
C.
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In an emergency situation, if patient's ABO group is unknown, what combination of blood should we give HIM (or a post-menopausal female):
a. group A, Rh positive RBCs b. group O, Rh positive RBCs c. group B, Rh negative RBCs d. group O, Rh negative RBCs |
B.
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In an emergency situation, if patient's ABO group is unknown, what combination of blood should we give HER (assuming she is of child-bearing age)?:
a. group A, Rh positive RBCs b. group O, Rh positive RBCs c. group B, Rh negative RBCs d. group O, Rh negative RBCs |
D.
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Which of these is NOT a common risk for infection following transfusions?
a. HIV b. Hep B c. Hep A d. HTLV-1 |
C.
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Which factor deficiency never causes bleeding?
a. factor V b. factor VII c. factor IX d. factor XII |
D.
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what is the current indication for cryoprecipitate?
a. pts with hemophila A b. von willebrand disease c. low fibrinogen d. factor XIII deficiency |
C.
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Cryoprecipitate contains what (5)?
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fibrinogen, F.VIII, F.XIII, von Willebrand factor, and fibronectin.
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a pt with AB blood type can receive platelets from:
a. O b. A c. B d. AB e. all the above |
D.
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a pt with O blood type can receive platelets from:
a. O b. A c. B d. AB e. all the above |
E
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a pt with A blood type can receive platelets from:
a. O b. A c. B d. AB e. B and D. |
E.
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why can you give Rh positive or negative plasma or cryoprecipate to a Rh negative patient?
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bc freezing and storing lyses the rbcs and it doesn't react anymore
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crossmatching tests are required for:
a. rbcs b. platelets c. both of the above |
A.
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How would you transfuse a ER patient with known ABO group but still hasn't undergone RBC crossmatching screening?
a. give identical ABO blood transfusion b. refrain from giving transfusion of identical ABO blood until crossmatch test is performed c. give group O d. B and C. |
D.
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The most common cause of transfusion error made by hospitals today is:
a. insufficient history taking b. wrong blood c. mislabeled specimen d. wrong patient |
C. you should NEVER leave a specimen without the correct labeling
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The ____ _____ is the time when the person who has been exposed to the disease is infectious but asymptomatic and has not produced levels of antibody or antigen high enough for in vitro detection.
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window period (so a pt can be infected with hep C last week, the blood may still be negative for virus detection)
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pt complains of shortness of breath 3 hours after transfusion. what do you do next? what are you worried about?
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get a chest x-ray to look for bilateral pulmonary edema; worried about transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
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True or False?
1. Group A patients can receive group AB RBC. 2. Screening test for malaria is routinely performed. 3. Because all red cell units are crossmatch compatible with the patient, transfusion hemolysis cannot occur. 4. If a patient receiving blood says “feeling not right”, you must stop the transfusion, switch to saline and observe. 5. Rh negative patients should receive Rh negative FFP. 6. Patient’s red cells are used for antibody screening test. 7. Fever can be a first symptom of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. |
1. f
2. f 3. f 4. t 5. f 6. f 7. t |
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what is the reason/mechanism for anaphylactic rxn's that take place during a transfusion?
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if a pt has congenital IgA deficiency, specific IgE antibodies to IgA may cause anaphylactic reactions
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Most common cause of acute IMMUNOLOGIC transfusion reaction is:
a. hemolysis due to red cell incompatibility b. fever/chills from cytokine production c. anaphylactic reaction d. transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) |
A. hemolysis is potentially fatal bc it can cause renal failure and DIC. However, TRALI is the leading cause of transfusion-related deaths in the US.
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name 3 acute NONIMMUNOLOGIC transfusion reactions.
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-atypical rxn associated wiht ACE inhibitors (hypotension, flushing, anaphylaxis)
-fluid overload -hemolysis |
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if a pt has a fever following transfusion, what are they most likely to have?
a. febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn (associated with cytokines) b. bacterial contamination c. acute hemolysis d. TRALI |
a.
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if a pt has rash, hives, and urticaria following a transfusion, what are they most likely to have?
a. anaphylactic reaction b. TRALI c. allergic reaction d. bronchial asthma |
c.
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pt presents with general erythema and pancytopenia 1-2 wks following transfusion.
dx? |
post-transfusion graft vs host dz (PT-GVHD)
the clue is general erythema that shows up 1-2 weeks after transfusion |
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Which of the following is NOT true about PT-GVHD?
a. disease more commonly associated with immunocompromised patients b. characterized by a pentad of sx's: fever, general erythema, liver dysfxn, diarrhea, pancytopenia c. recipient lymphocytes attack and destroy the donor's organs d. sx's show up 1-2 weeks after transfusion of RBCs or platelets |
c. DONOR lymphocytes attack and destroy the RECIPIENT'S organs
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how do you prevent PT-GVHD
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Irradiation inactivates leukocytes and the lymphocytes within the blood
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