Healthcare Language - Respiratory (Chabner, Ch. 12)

Front 1

Mediastinum

Back 1

Middle of the chest where trachea divides into two branches

Front 2

Bronchi

Back 2

Each leads to a separate lung

Front 3

Lungs

Back 3

Lobes are not mirror images (3 on R, 2 on L)

Front 4

Hilum

Back 4

Midline region where blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue, and bronchial tubes enter and exit

Front 5

Conducts Air

Back 5

Nose
Nasal Cavities/Paranasal Sinus
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea

Front 6

Exchange Gases

Back 6

Bronchioles
Alveoli
Lung capillaries

Front 7

Adenoids

Back 7

Lymphatic tissue in nasopharyx/pharyngeal tubes

Front 8

Alveoli

Back 8

Air sac in lung

Front 9

Apex

Back 9

Tip of lung (uppermost)

Front 10

Base

Back 10

Lower portion of lung

Front 11

Bronchus

Back 11

Branch of trachea

Front 12

Bronchioles

Back 12

Smallest branches of bronchi

Front 13

Carbon Dioxide

Back 13

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine (exhaled through lungs)

Front 14

Cilia

Back 14

Thin hairs attached to mucous membrane

Front 15

Diaphragm

Back 15

Muscle separating chest and abdomen

Front 16

Epiglottis

Back 16

Lid over opening of larynx

Front 17

Expiration

Back 17

Breathing out (diaphragm relaxes and elevates, decreases thorax size, pos pressure)

Front 18

Glottis

Back 18

Slit-like opening to larynx

Front 19

Hilum

Back 19

Midline region where bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit lungs

Front 20

Inspiration

Back 20

Breathing in (diaphragm contracts and drops, decreasing pressure, neg pressure)

Front 21

Larynx

Back 21

Voice box

Front 22

Lobe

Back 22

Division of lung

Front 23

Mediastinum

Back 23

Region between lungs in chest cavity

Front 24

Nares

Back 24

Opening thru nose

Front 25

Oxygen

Back 25

Gas that passes into bloodstream at lungs to all cells

Front 26

Palatine Tonsil

Back 26

One of a pair of masses of lymphatic tissue

Front 27

Paranasal Sinus

Back 27

One of the air cavities in bones near nose

Front 28

Outer Pleura

Back 28

Outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

Front 29

Pharynx

Back 29

Throat (includes nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx)

Front 30

Pleura

Back 30

double-folded membrane around each lung

Front 31

Pleural cavity

Back 31

Space between the folds of the pleura

Front 32

Pulmonary parenchyma

Back 32

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli

Front 33

Respiration

Back 33

Process of moving air in and out

Front 34

Trachea

Back 34

windpipe

Front 35

Visceral Pleura

Back 35

Inner fold of pleura lying closer to lung tissue

Front 36

Adenoid/o

Back 36

Adenoid

Front 37

Alveol/o

Back 37

Alveolus (air sac)

Front 38

Bronch/o, i/o

Back 38

Bronchi

Front 39

Bronchiol/o

Back 39

Bronchiole

Front 40

Capn/o

Back 40

Carbon dioxide

Front 41

Coni/o

Back 41

Dust

Front 42

Cyan/o

Back 42

Blue

Front 43

Epiglott/o

Back 43

Epiglottis

Front 44

Laryng/o

Back 44

Larynx

Front 45

Lob/o

Back 45

Lobe (of lung)

Front 46

Mediastin/o

Back 46

Mediastinum

Front 47

Nas/o

Back 47

Nose

Front 48

Orth/o

Back 48

Straight

Front 49

Ox/o

Back 49

Oxygen

Front 50

Pector/o

Back 50

Chest

Front 51

Pharyng/o

Back 51

Pharynx

Front 52

Phon/o

Back 52

Voice

Front 53

Phren/o

Back 53

Diaphragm

Front 54

Pleur/o

Back 54

Pleura

Front 55

Pneumo/o

Back 55

Air or lung

Front 56

Pneumon/o

Back 56

Lungs

Front 57

Pulmon/o

Back 57

Lung

Front 58

Rhin/o

Back 58

Nose

Front 59

Sinus/o

Back 59

Sinus cavity

Front 60

Spir/o

Back 60

Breathing

Front 61

Tel/o

Back 61

Complete

Front 62

Thorac/o

Back 62

Chest

Front 63

Tonsill/o

Back 63

Tonsil

Front 64

Trache/o

Back 64

Trachea

Front 65

-ema

Back 65

Condition

Front 66

-osmia

Back 66

Smell

Front 67

-pnea

Back 67

Breathing

Front 68

-ptysis

Back 68

Spitting

Front 69

-sphyxia

Back 69

pulse

Front 70

-thorax

Back 70

Pleural cavity, chest

Front 71

Auscultation

Back 71

Listening to sounds

Front 72

Percussion

Back 72

Tapping on surface

Front 73

Pleural Rub

Back 73

Scratchy sounds (friction rub)

Front 74

Rales/Crackles

Back 74

Heard during inspiration when there is fluid in alveoli

Front 75

Rhoncus

Back 75

Loud rumbling

Front 76

Sputum

Back 76

Material expelled from lungs, can vary in color

Front 77

Strider

Back 77

High-pitched sound on inspiration, larynx or trachea obstructed

Front 78

Wheezing

Back 78

High-pitched whistling during inspiration/expiration (asthma)

Front 79

Croup

Back 79

Acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor

Front 80

Diptheria

Back 80

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diptheria bacterium

Front 81

Epistaxis

Back 81

Nosebleed

Front 82

Pertussis

Back 82

Whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea

Front 83

Asthma

Back 83

Chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucous obstruction

Front 84

Bronchiectasis

Back 84

Chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection

Front 85

Chronic bronchitis

Back 85

Inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Front 86

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Back 86

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

Front 87

Atelectasis

Back 87

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

Front 88

Emphysema

Back 88

Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

Front 89

Lung Cancer

Back 89

Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

Front 90

Pneumoconiosis

Back 90

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs; with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

Front 91

Pneumonia

Back 91

Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

Front 92

Pulmonary Abscess

Back 92

Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs

Front 93

Pulmonary Edema

Back 93

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

Front 94

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

Back 94

Clot or other material lodges in the vessels of the lung

Front 95

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Back 95

Formation of scar tissues in the connective tissue of lungs

Front 96

Sarcoidosis

Back 96

Chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs

Front 97

Tuberculosis (TB)

Back 97

Infection disease; lungs are usually involved, but any organ in the body may be affected

Front 98

Mesothelioma

Back 98

Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura

Front 99

Pleural Effusion

Back 99

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

Front 100

Pleurisy (pleuritis)

Back 100

Inflammation of the pleura

Front 101

Pneumothorax

Back 101

Collection of air in the pleural space

Front 102

CXR

Back 102

Chest x-ray - radiographic image of the thoracic cavity

Front 103

CT

Back 103

Computed tomography - CT scan shows thoracic structures in cross section and other planes

Front 104

MRI

Back 104

Detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional planes

Front 105

PET

Back 105

Radioactive glucose injected and reveals metabolic activity in the lungs

Front 106

V/Q (Ventilation-Perfusion scan)

Back 106

Measures radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of radioactive gas

Front 107

Bronchoscopy

Back 107

Fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes

Front 108

Endotrachial Intubation

Back 108

Placement of a tube through the mouth in to the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway

Front 109

Laryngoscopy

Back 109

Visual examination of the voice box

Front 110

Lung Biopsy

Back 110

Removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination

Front 111

Mediastinoscopy

Back 111

Endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum

Front 112

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

Back 112

Tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs (airway function, lung volume, and capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently

Front 113

Thoracentesis

Back 113

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

Front 114

Thoracotomy

Back 114

Large surgical incision in the chest

Front 115

Thoracoscopy

Back 115

Visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope

Front 116

Tracheostomy

Back 116

Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

Front 117

Tuberculin Test

Back 117

Determines past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction

Front 118

Tube Thoracostomy

Back 118

Chest tube is passed through an opening in the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion

Front 119

Anthracosis

Back 119

Coal dust accumulation in lungs

Front 120

Asbestos

Back 120

Silicate mineral, inhalation causes cancer

Front 121

Bacili

Back 121

Rod-shaped bacteria (Cause of TB)

Front 122

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Back 122

Obstruciton of air through bronchial tubes and lungs

Front 123

Cor pulmonale

Back 123

Failure of the right side of heart to pump sufficient blood to the lungs

Front 124

Exudate

Back 124

Substances ooze into lesions/inflammation

Front 125

Hydrothorax

Back 125

Collection of fluid in pleural cavity

Front 126

Infiltrate

Back 126

Material in lung

Front 127

Palliative

Back 127

Relieving symptoms, but not curing disease

Front 128

Paroxysmal

Back 128

Pertaining to a sudden occurrence

Front 129

Pulmonary Infarction

Back 129

Area of necrosis

Front 130

Purulent

Back 130

Containing pus

Front 131

Silicosis

Back 131

Disease due to silica or glass dust in lungs (mining)