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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Life expectancny and years
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1990s: 75 to 77 years
1900: 47 years |
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Heredity
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traits passed biologically from parent to child
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Lifestyle
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person's pattern of living as expressed in his or her activities, interests, and opinions
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Physical Health
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ability to carry of tasks
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Mental Health
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how someone feels about self
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Social Health
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how someone gets along with others
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Risk factors
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any condition that increases likelihood of injury, disease, or other negative outcome
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Stress
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a state of mental or emoional strain or suspense
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Alarm Stage
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both mind and body reacts to stress
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Carbohydrates
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good energy source, 50% calorie intake
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Fats
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nutrients with highest energy source, difficult to break down, should be 30% or less of intake
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Protein
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for growth and repair, not energy
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Vitamins
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Can be fat or water soluble, assist chemical reactions in body
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Minerals
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nutrients from nonliving things
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Fiber
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type of complex carbohydrate found only in plants, helps digestion
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Cholesterol
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waxy, fatlike substance found only in animals
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Bulimia
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eating disorder characterized by cycles of bingeing and purging
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Diabetes
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disease where a person has high level glucose in blood
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% Body Fat
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estimate of weight
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Hypoglycemia
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condition when body produces too much insulin, causing glucose levels to fall
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Osteoporosis
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bones become weaker as we age due to loss of calcium
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Osteoarthritis
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generally, a condition caused by wear and tear that causes inflammation of the joint, causing swelling, pain, and stiffness
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Contraction
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The way muscles move; shortening muscle fibers
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Sprains
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overstretched or torn ligaments (degrees)
1 degree: mild, stretched ligament 2 degree: moderate, stretch/tearing, 7-10 days to heal 3 degree: serious, surgery, torn 90% or more |
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Strains
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overstretched or torn muscle fibers (degrees)
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Cartilage
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tough supportive tissue, softer and more flexable than bones, cushins joint
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Tendon
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use energy when they contract; lactic acid accumulates to cause fatigue after exercise
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Arthroscope
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A tiny tube of lenses used for viewing areas inside a joint. Usually attached to a small video camera.
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Ligament
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strong, fiborous bands that connect bones, keeping joints in place, don’t stretch
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Anaerobic
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Short-term, highly intense activities in which muscle fibers derive energy for contraction from stored internal energy sources without the use of oxygen from the blood
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Aerobic
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sustained exercise that uses large muscle groups and places demands on the cardiovascular system
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Tolerance
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when a body becomes accustomed to or builds up a resistance to a drug
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Cirrhosis
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a condition in which the liver becomes scarred, fibrous, and filled with fat, thus reducing its ability to function
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Inhibitions
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controls that we put on our emotions and behavior in order to behave in socially acceptable ways; drinkers begin to lose judgment and self control which reduces inhibitions
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Proof
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measure of % of alcohol in a beverage
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FAS
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - The developmental effect of maternal alcohol consumption on children: wide spaced eyes, mental retardation, motor problems, emotional lability
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Blackouts
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periods of time drinker cannot retell; not passing out
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Passing out
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faint: pass out from weakness, physical or emotional distress due to a loss of blood supply to the brain
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BAC
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Blood-alcohol concentration. The percentage amount of alcohol in a person's bloodstream
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Nicotine
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drug that acts as a stimulant; causes heart to be faster, skin temp drops, and blood pressure rises
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Carbon Monoxide
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poisonous, colorless, odorless gas found in tobacco smoke; displaces large amounts of oxygen in red blood cells, so less oxygen gets to muscles and organs, causing fatigue, heart works harder, shortness of breath
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Tar
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dark sticky mixture formed when tobacco burns; contains hundreds of cancer-causing agents; hairs in respiratory tract damaged, leading to disease (cancer, bronchitis, emphysema)
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Depressants
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slow brain and body reactions; slow breathing and heart rate, lowers blood pressure, relaxes muscles, mood altering
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Stimulants
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speed up central nervous system activities; increase breathing, heart rates, and blood pressure; user feels excited and alert
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Hallucinogens
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alter perception, thoughts and moods, memory loss, personality changes, unpredictable and frightening
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Alcohol
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a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent
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Marijuana
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Causes confusion, sudden mood changes, memory problems, loss of coordination; depressant, stimulant AND hallucinogen; cancer agent
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Ecstasy
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A chemically modified amphetamine that has hallucinogenic as well as stimulant properties
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Cocaine
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highly addictive stimulant that causes depression when its effect wears off
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Methamphetamine
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A commonly abused, potent stimulant drug that is part of a larger family of amphetamines
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Flashbacks
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reoccurrence; not a memory
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Testes
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produce testosterone and sperm; thousands of chambers always producing sperm; millions daily
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Hormones
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chemicals which control almost every body function, released into the blood by endocrine glands
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Semen
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fluid that is made up of sperm and the secretaries from the three sets of glands
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Vagina
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birth canal; sperm enters here, baby passes; walls very elastic
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Menopause
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time of life when ovaries slow down hormone production and menstruation gradually stops
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Fertilization
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conception; union of egg and sperm
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Ovulation
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when mature egg is released from the ovary
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Uterus
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hollow muscular organ; pear-shaped; baby develops inside
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Fetus
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baby after 8 weeks
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Heatstroke
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NOT sweating, hot red skin, weak pulse and breathing, high body temp, life threatening
Call 911 Move victim out of heat and give cool water to drink every 15 minutes No caffeine/alcohol Monitor breathing/heart rate |
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Frostbite
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skin damage, no/little circulation, skin cold and discolored, waxy
Do not rub affect areas Soak in warm water Loosely bandage/sterile gauze Medical attention |
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CPR
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The initial treatment of cardiopulmonary arrest with mouth-to mouth breathing and chest compressions. The intent is to maintain some blood circulation until defibrillation or other advance treatments can be performed. (Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation)
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Poisoning
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inhaled, absorbed, ingestion, injection
Call poison control center Care for shock and monitor breathing Use advice of poison control center concerning poison removal |
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Heart Attack
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heart beating irregularly
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Choking
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foreign body airway obstruction
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Cardiac Arrest
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heart stops
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Stroke
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flow of blood in brain is stopped
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Burns
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1st Degree – top layer of skin, red/dry, sunburn
2nd degree – deeper, red and blisters, painful swelling and scarring, might need medical attention 3rd degree – extends through the skin, brown or charred, painful nerve damage, life threatening, needs medical attention Remove victim from source Cool water for 1st or 2nd degree Sterile dressing for 2nd or 3rd Treat for shock Call for medical help based on burn |
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Shock
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organs and tissues of the body are not receiving an adequate flow of blood. This deprives the organs and tissues of oxygen (carried in the blood) and allows the buildup of waste products. Can result in serious damage or even death
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Hypothermia
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drop in body temp; signs – shivering, numbness, apathy, unconsciousness
Call 911 Warm victim, remove wet clothes Drink warm liquids if conscious Life threatening |
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STDs
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STDs – abbreviation for sexually transmitted disease
Virus – no cure Genital Herpes Genital Warts (most common) Hepatitis Pubic Lice Bacteria – Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis |
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AIDS Timeline
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Window: three weeks to six months
Incubation: 2 to 20+ years depends on immune system and drug therapy AIDS: 1 to 10+ years; depends on immune system and drug therapy |
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Stages of labor
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1)amniotic sac breaks; may wash or trickle out; cervix dilates to 1 to 4 inches; 4-24 hours
2)baby’s head enters birth canal; mother told to push during contractions; head first to come; amniotic fluid and mucus removed from baby’s mouth and umbilical is cut; lasts ½ hour – 2 hours (birth and delivery) 3)Delivery of placenta; usually 15-30 minutes |
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Contraception
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Contraception – plans to prevent pregnancies
Less effective -Natural Family Planning (Rhythm Method) -Withdrawal More effective -Barrier method (condom) -Spermicide -Sponge -Diaphragm -Cervical Cap Most effective -Abstinence -Medical Procedure/Prescription -Hormonal Implants -Oral Pills -Patch -Sterilization |
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Fraternal Twins
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Twins that have been produced by the simultaneous fertilization of two egg cells and who therefore share only on average 50 percent of their genes, just like other siblings
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Identical Twins
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Twins that develop from a simple fertilized egg in a single placental sack. Such twins are the same sex and usually resemble one another closely
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Amniotic Sac and Fluid
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bag of this tissue that encloses the embryo; floats in fluid; acts as shock absorber
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Trimesters
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Method of dividing pregnancy into three equal time periods of about 13 weeks each (3 trimesters)
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Contractions
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tightening/shortening of uterus muscles; begin short and mild at first; 30-90 seconds in length
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Ultrasound
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The use of sound waves to visualize the inside of the body.
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Scrotum
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sack/pouch protects sperm by keeping temp slightly lower than body temp
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Embryo
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what a fertilized egg is called once implanted; term used for first 8 weeks
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Vas deferens
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tube that receives sperm from epididymis and joins urethra “transport”
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Epididymis
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sperm form in testes but mature in epididymis
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Monogamy
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One sexual partner, for life, marriage
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Blastocyst
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A fertilized egg after several days of cell division
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Zygotes
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is the fertilized egg before cell division begins
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AIDS
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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Endometrium
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lining of the uterus
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HIV
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human immunodeficiency virus
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Puncture
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pointed object pierces skin, infection
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Avulsion
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soft tissue tears
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Incision/laceration
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deep cut to soft tissues and blood vessels
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Abrasion
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scrape, easily infected
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Contusion
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bruise, bleeding under skin, discolored, swelling
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Bleeding
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Direct pressure
Elevation Pressure points Tourniquet |
