Health Exam 1

Front 1

1. What is defined as “Optimal health and vitality, encompassing all dimensions of well-being”

Back 1

Wellness

Front 2

2. List the 6 Dimensions of Wellness:

Back 2

Physical, Emotional, Intellectual, Spiritual, Social, Environmental, Planetary

Front 3

3. This Dimension of Wellness includes not just your body’s overall condition and the absence of disease but your fitness level and your ability to care for yourself.

Back 3

Physical

Front 4

4. This Dimension of Wellness reflects your ability to understand and deal with your feelings.

Back 4

Emotional

Front 5

5. This Dimension of Wellness constantly challenges your mind.

Back 5

interpersonal

Front 6

6. This Dimension of Wellness is defined by your ability to develop and maintain satisfying and supportive relationships.

Back 6

Intellectual

Front 7

7. This Dimension of Wellness is to possess a set of guiding beliefs, principles, or values that give meaning and purpose to your life, especially in difficult times.

Back 7

Spiritual

Front 8

8. This Dimension of Wellness is defined by the livability of your surroundings.

Back 8

Environmental

Front 9

16. A child born in 1900 could expect to live only about how many years of age?

Back 9

47.3

Front 10

17. A disease that is communicable from one person to another is known as what?

Back 10

Infectious Disease (flu)

Front 11

18. A disease that develops and continues over a long period of time is known as what?

Back 11

Chronic Disease

Front 12

19. Our life expectancy right now is how many years?

Back 12

78

Front 13

20. What are the top 3 Key contributors to death among Americans?

Back 13

Tobacco, Obesity, and Alcohol

Front 14

21. What are the top 3 Leading Causes of death among Americans age 15-24?

Back 14

Accidents, Homicide, Suicide

Front 15

22. Name the 6 Health Issues for Diverse Populations.

Back 15

Sex and Gender, Ethnicity, Income and Education, Disability, Geographic Location, Sexual Orientation

Front 16

23. List the Factors That Influence Wellness.

Back 16

Health Habits, Heredity, Family History, Environment, Access to Health Care

Front 17

24. Get serious about your health. The first step in changing a health-related behavior is understanding that the behavior is a problem and that it can be changed. This often requires gathering information about resources available to help you change the behavior and acquire knowledge about yourself. List the steps involved in getting serious about your health. Examine your current health habits, choose a _____ _____, learn about your _____ _____, find help.

Back 17

Target Behavior, Target Behavior

Front 18

25. Name and the 6 stages of Transtheoretical, or “Stages of Change Model” Developed by Carl DiClemente and James Prochaska..

Back 18

Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Mantience , Termination

Front 19

32. What does the acronym “SMART” stand for?

Back 19

Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic and Time Frame specific

Front 20

33. When you Devise A Plan of Action to make a change what should you do? Get what you need, Modify your ________________, Control related habits, Reward yourself, involve the people around you, plan for challenges.

Back 20

Environment

Front 21

34. Putting your Plan (change) into Action. As you continue with your plan, don’t be surprised when you run up against obstacles. Identify what is blocking your progress. List possible sources (obstacles). Social Influences, _______________________________________________, Choice of Techniques and level of Effort, Stress Barrier, Procrastinating, Rationalizing, Blaming.

Back 21

Levels of motivation and Commitment

Front 22

Situations that trigger physical and emotional reactions are termed _____________, and the physiological reactions are termed the _______________.

Back 22

Stressors and Stress response

Front 23

2. Physical responses to stressors are controlled by the __________ system and the ______________ system.

Back 23

Nervous System and Endocrine system

Front 24

3. The ______________ nervous system, the part of the nervous system not under conscious supervision, controls the stress response. The ______________ branch mobilizes the body for action, and the ______________ branch calms it down; the two constantly provide checks and balances on each other.

Back 24

The Adocrine Nervous System / Sympathetic Branch / Parasympathetic Branch

Front 25

4. The ______________ system helps control body systems by releasing hormones and other chemical messengers into the bloodstream.

Back 25

Endocrine

Front 26

5. The _____-_____-_______ reaction is the result of a predictable set of chemical reactions in a stressful situation.

Back 26

Fight or Flight

Front 27

6. Cognitive __________ or _____________ of a potential stressor affects how a particular stressor is viewed.

Back 27

Appraisal or Perception

Front 28

7. Effective behavioral responses promote wellness and include ___________, _____________, _____________, and _____________________ (expressing emotion, learning new skills, exercising, and meditating).

Back 28

talking, Laughing, exercise, Time managament

Front 29

8. Ineffective responses can impair wellness and include ______________, ________________, _____________ (and using tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.)

Back 29

over eating, procrastination, Stress

Front 30

9. Type _______ individuals tended to me more controlling, schedule driven, competitive, and even hostile.

Back 30

A

Front 31

10. Type _________ individuals were less hurried and frustrated by daily events, more contemplative, and more tolerant of others.

Back 31

B

Front 32

11. A Type ________ personality may be characterized by anger suppression, difficulty expressing emotions, feelings of hopelessness and despair, and an exaggerated response to minor stressors.

Back 32

C

Front 33

12. _____________ refers to personality traits associated with social and academic success in at-risk populations such as children from low-income families and people with mental and physical disabilities.

Back 33

Resiliency

Front 34

13. __________ are more likely than __________ to find themselves balancing multiple roles.

Back 34

Women / Men

Front 35

14. ____________ generally feel compelled to be in charge at all times. This may create tension in interpersonal situations and limit their ability to build a support network.

Back 35

Men

Front 36

15. G.A.S. stands for ____________ ____________________ _____________________.

Back 36

General Adaptation Syndrome

Front 37

16. The three stages of GAS can be triggered by a pleasant stressor, _____________, or by an
unpleasant stressor, ________________.

Back 37

EuStress, Distress

Front 38

17. The _________ stage is the fight-or-flight reaction. This stage makes the body vulnerable by mobilizing it to cope with a crisis.

Back 38

Alarm

Front 39

18. The _____________ stage occurs with continued stress, the body develops a new level of homeostasis to cope with the added stress.

Back 39

resistance

Front 40

19. The _______________ stage results in the depletion of resources that leave the body vulnerable to disease. The stress response itself now is believed to be the cause of disease over time.

Back 40

exhaustion

Front 41

20. Researchers have termed the long-term wear and tear of the stress response the _____________ _________________. A high _______________ ________________ is linked to a greater risk of disease.

Back 41

Allastatic Load / Allostatic Load

Front 42

21. ______________________________ (PNI) studies the interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Hormones and other chemical messengers released during the stress response may inhibit or strengthen the immune system.

Back 42

Atherosclerosis

Front 43

22. Many health problems have links to stress. Blood pressure rises during the stress response, and chronic high blood pressure leads to ______________________________, a major component in cardiovascular disease. Emotional responses that include hostility, anger, and mistrust seem to be especially harmful.

Back 43

Atherosclerosis

Front 44

23. Each of life’s daily hassles may provoke a moderate stress response that cumulatively may have a significant effect. _____________ is the site of major life changes and daily hassles, including academic stressors, interpersonal stressors, time pressures, financial concerns, and worry about the future.

Back 44

College

Front 45

24. _______________ support systems may be one tool people can use to buffer themselves against the damaging effects of stress. People who have family and friends to help them through times of stress stay healthier and recover faster than those who do not. Consider volunteering to help build your social support system and enhance your spiritual wellness.

Back 45

Social Support

Front 46

25. ____________________ skills that help people express feelings nonaggressively, overcome shyness, and improve listening skills help reduce stress in interpersonal relationships.

Back 46

Communicate

Front 47

26. Regular _________________ can reduce various effects of stress and even stimulate the birth of new brain cells. It can also reduce many of the negative effects of stress.

Back 47

Exercise

Front 48

27. A healthy ______________ provides energy stores for use in stressful situations; eating wisely also improves feelings of self-control and self-esteem. Limiting or avoiding caffeine may be helpful in stress management. Many people overeat in response to stress.

Back 48

Diet

Front 49

28. Lack of ___________ can be both a cause and an effect of excess stress. It can affect physical and mental functioning.

Back 49

Stress

Front 50

29. Efficient __________________________________ may help to lower stress levels. Common factors that negatively affect ____________________________________ for college students are perfectionism, overcommitment, and procrastination. Some suggestions for avoiding procrastination and managing time better include the following.

Back 50

time Management / Time Management

Front 51

30. Strive for greater ________________ to provide an ethical path to personal fulfillment that includes connectedness with self, others, and a higher power or larger reality.

Back 51

Spirituality

Front 52

31. Confide in yourself through writing in a ________________________.

Back 52

Diary/journal

Front 53

33. Thinking and acting in a __________________ way about things that can be controlled.

Back 53

Constructive

Front 54

34. Taking _________________; feeling that the environment is out of control creates

Back 54

Control

Front 55

35. _____________________________ to regain control and identify solutions.

Back 55

Problem Solving

Front 56

36. Keeping self-__________________ reasonable. No one can please everyone, and to expect to do so is to be set up for failure and frustration.

Back 56

Expectations

Front 57

37. Maintaining a ______________ attitude.

Back 57

positive

Front 58

38. Cultivating a ______________ ______ ________________; laughter induces both physiological and
psychological relaxation.

Back 58

Sense of Humor

Front 59

39. Focusing on what’s _______________ in life.

Back 59

Important

Front 60

40. Many ______________________________________ trigger the relaxation response—a physiological state that is the opposite of the fight-or-flight reaction. It may be helpful to choose one and practice it until it becomes comfortable. Some work better than others for different people, so it may take experimentation to decide which is best for each person.

Back 60

Relaxation Techniques

Front 61

41. Name some Counterproductive Coping Strategies: __________________, ___________________, ________________________, _______________________________________________.

Back 61

Tobacco / Alcohol / Drugs / Unhealthy Eating Habits

Front 62

42. Creating a Personal Plan for Managing Stress: _________________________, _______________ ____________________ ________________________, ______________ ________________.

Back 62

Journal / Creative Behavior/ Change plan / Support Group

Front 63

1. Psychological health can be defined ___________ as the absence of sickness or ____________ as the presence of wellness.

Back 63

Negatively / positively

Front 64

2. Psychological wellness means being aware of one’s own ____________.

Back 64

Potential

Front 65

3. Name the 5 hierarchy of needs: _______________________, _________________________,
________________________, ____________________________, ______________________.

Back 65

Physiological / Safety and Security / Self actualization / Love and Belongingness / Self Esteem

Front 66

4. Psychological health is not the same as psychological ______________.

Back 66

Normality

Front 67

5. According to Erik Erikson, the development of personality and identity proceeds through ____
stages that increase the potential for psychological growth.

Back 67

8

Front 68

6. Achieving healthy self-esteem means developing a positive _____________.

Back 68

Self Concept

Front 69

7. Self-esteem is grounded in the positive experiences of love received in ____________________.
Although children originally build their self-concepts on characteristics adopted from parents, a
healthy self-concept is integrated—resulting in a new, individual __________________.

Back 69

Childhood / Personality

Front 70

8. Those who do not have a _______________ self-concept have conflicting, polar views of
themselves, which makes it impossible to see themselves and others realistically.

Back 70

Stable

Front 71

12. Flexibility—finding a reasonable level of self-assertiveness that allows you to adjust based on needs
and circumstances—may be the best approach to dealing with __________________.

Back 71

Anger

Front 72

13. When dealing with an angry person, react ______________ and allow the person to explain his/her
position. If the person cannot be calmed, disengage until the anger has subsided enough to allow
communication.

Back 72

Calmly

Front 73

14. ____________________ disorders involve feelings of fear that are experienced on a recurring basis
or in response to typical, unavoidable life situations. They have no basis in specific threats to one’s
well-being.

Back 73

Physiological

Front 74

15. __________________ phobias include fear of specific animals, high places, enclosed spaces, and air
travel. The fears may originate in bad experiences with the feared object.

Back 74

Simple

Front 75

16. ___________________ phobias, the fear of humiliation or embarrassment while being watched by
others, occur in interpersonal settings; very shy people may experience these fears in nearly any
social situation.

Back 75

Social

Front 76

17. __________________________________ are characterized by sudden, unexpected surges in
anxiety. Symptoms include rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, loss of physical equilibrium, and a
feeling of losing mental control.

Back 76

Panic Disorder

Front 77

18. _________________________________________________ is a diagnosis given to people who
worry about ordinary future threats, such as financial concerns or passing an upcoming exam. The
end result is a persistent feeling of nervousness, often accompanied by depression.

Back 77

Generalize and anxiety Disorder

Front 78

19. _______________________________________________________ is a diagnosis given to people
with obsession or compulsion or both.

Back 78

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Front 79

20. ___________________ are recurrent, unwanted thoughts or impulses that are not ordinary concerns.

Back 79

Obsessions

Front 80

21. ____________________ are repetitive, difficult-to-resist actions usually associated with obsessions,
such as hand washing. Feeling anxious, out of control, and embarrassed are common emotions of
people with OCD.

Back 80

Compulsions

Front 81

22. _________________________________________________ is a physiological and emotional
reaction to events that produce a sense of terror and hopelessness; these include assaults, military combat, and natural disaster.

Back 81

Post Traumatic Disorder

Front 82

23. ______________ disorders vary in kind and degree; the most common forms are depression and bipolar disorder.

Back 82

Mood

Front 83

24. In major depression, symptoms are often severe; a diagnosis of ___________________ disorder may be applied to people who experience persistent symptoms of mild or moderate depression for 2 or more years.

Back 83

Dystaymic

Front 84

25. ____________________ is a danger associated with severe depression.

Back 84

suicide

Front 85

26. ______________ is a mood disorder characterized by restlessness, excessive energy, insomnia, and
extremes of behavior.

Back 85

Mania

Front 86

27. A person who has _________________ disorder swings between manic and depressive states.

Back 86

Bipolar Disorder

Front 87

28. ____________ are nearly twice as likely as ________________ to be clinically depressed; numbers
of men and women with bipolar disorder are about equal.

Back 87

Women / Men

Front 88

29. ____________________________________ is a relatively common disorder. Although we are
uncertain about the exact causes, they have identified possible chemical and structural differences in
the brain. Several genes appear to increase risk.

Back 88

Schizopherenia

Front 89

30. Four useful models of human nature are the ________________, __________________,
__________________, and __________________________ models.

Back 89

Biological / Behavioral / Cognitive / Physchodynamic

Front 90

31. The ________________________ model emphasizes that the mind’s activity depends on an organic
structure, the brain, whose composition is genetically determined.

Back 90

Evaluations

Front 91

32. The _______________________ model focuses on people’s overt behavior rather than on brain
structure of consciousness.

Back 91

Ex-Something

Front 92

33. The ______________________ model looks for complicated attitudes, expectations, and motives.

Back 92

Cognitive

Front 93

34. The ______________________________________ model also emphasizes thoughts. Proponents of
this model do not believe thoughts can be changed directly because they are fed by other
unconscious ideas and impulses.

Back 93

Physchodynamic

Front 94

35. ________________________, using behavioral and cognitive approaches, can succeed and provide
self-awareness, increased assertiveness, improved self-esteem, and improved communication.

Back 94

Self Help

Front 95

36. _____________________ counseling and support __________________ allow you to share your
concerns with others; religious groups provide both social support and a path for transformation.

Back 95

Peer Concealing and Support Groups

Front 96

37. Professionals involved in health care include: _______________________, specialized medical
physicians who can prescribe medications and determine whether there is a medical cause or connection for the patient’s medical problems. ____________________________, who usually have a Ph.D. degree. Generally their treatment is based on behavioral and cognitive therapies. __________________________________________, who have a master’s degree. Generally they are skilled in finding community support. ______________________, whose requirements vary by state. ______________________ who have additional training in counseling.

Back 96

Determine the Need / Phychiatrists / Clinical Physhologysics / License Councilors / Clergy

Front 97

9. Pessimists can learn to be more ________________ by recognizing and disputing the negative self-
statements they make about themselves.

Back 97

Optimistic

Front 98

10. Maintaining honest ______________________________ with others is a critical step toward being
psychologically healthy.

Back 98

communication

Front 99

11. Learning to deal with ___________________________ and discovering how to be happy by
yourself are important to psychological health.

Back 99

Loneliness

Front 100

32. The _______________________ model focuses on people’s overt behavior rather than on brain
structure of consciousness.

Back 100

Behavioral

Front 101

26. People at this stage of change do not think they have a problem and do not intend to change their behavior.

Back 101

Precontemplation

Front 102

27. People at this stage of change know they have a problem and intend to take action within 6 months.

Back 102

Contemplation

Front 103

28. People at this stage of change plan to take action within a month or may already have begun to make small changes in their behavior.

Back 103

Preparation

Front 104

29. During this stage of change people outwardly modify their behavior and their environment.

Back 104

Action

Front 105

30. People at this stage of change have maintained their new, healthier lifestyle for at least 6 months.

Back 105

Maintenance

Front 106

31. People at this stage of change have exited the cycle of change and are no longer tempted to lapse back into their old behavior.

Back 106

Termination

Front 107

Dimensions of Wellness
Physical

Back 107

fitness level / ability to care about yourself

Front 108

Dimensions of Wellness
Emotional

Back 108

ability to understand and deal with your feelings

Front 109

Dimensions of Wellness
Intellectual

Back 109

active mind / Detects problems/ never stop learning

Front 110

Dimensions of Wellness
Interpersonal

Back 110

Ability to develop satisfying and supportive relationships / Social

Front 111

Dimensions of Wellness
Spiritual

Back 111

possess a set of guiding beliefs / Principals / Values

Front 112

Dimensions of Wellness
Environmental

Back 112

The livability of your surroundings. Health of Planet