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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Develop from malformation of lymphatic channels. Most common in cervical region
Usually present in childhood; most before 2. Soft and painless. Strong association with Turner’s and Down’s chromosomal disorders. Resection is cure |
cystic hygroma
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May arise anywhere along route of thyroid gland's descent from foramen cecum of tongue to adult location in neck. Painless, mobile structure that moves on swallowing or with movement of tongue.
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*Thyroglossal Duct Cyst:
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Most are remnants of 2nd branchial cleft. Can present at any age. Most common congenital lesion in adults. Slowly enlarging painless masses formed from buildup of cellular debris. Treatment is complete excision
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branchial cleft cyst
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Midline mass from pluripotent embryonic stem cells. More common in children but seen in all age groups.
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teratoma
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Remnants of thymic tract. Rare and usually asymptomatic. Located lateral to midline in neck.
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Thymic cysts:
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tracheal tug
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Evaluate upward motion of trachea; determine if trachea is fixed in mediastinum (neoplasm, TB) or downward tugging (Oliver’s tracheal tug sign may indicate aneurysm of the aortic arch)
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thyroglossal duct cyst
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Freely movable cystic mass. High in midline neck. Remnant of fetal development
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brachial cleft cyst
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Oval, moderately movable cystic mass. Upper third of SCM muscle. Embryological remnant. May be associated with a fistula.
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Torticollis
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Wry neck. May be from birth injury, trauma, muscle spasms, viral infection. Head tilted and twisted toward SCM muscle.
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Weight gain, fatigue, intolerance to cold, constipation, tremor, thick dry skin, hair loss, thick nails, leg cramps, heavier menses, myxedema, puffy eyes
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hypothyroidism
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Form of hypothyroid. Mucinous edema; glycosaminoglycan. Dull, puffy, yellow skin. Coarse, sparse hair. Temporal loss of eyebrows. Periorbital edema. Prominent tongue.
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myxedema
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Chronic autoimmune thyroid disease. Hyper or hypothyroid.
More common in women 30-50 y.o. |
Hashimoto
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Intolerance to warm, weight loss, nervousness, prominence of eyeballs (proptosis), stare, palpitations, increased bowel movements, fatigue, weakness, hair thinning, increased sweating, warm skin, thin nails, goiter, amenorrhea, muscle weakness
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hyperthyroidism
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Toxic diffuse goiter. Thyroid enlargement. Autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Incidence of 1 in 1000 women. Any age; all races. Acute onset. Multisystemic disorder.
Cutaneous signs-warm skin, erythema, tremor, easy fatigability, hyperhidrosis, anxiety, insomnia, myopathy, alopeica, hyperpigmentation, nail growth changes; occasional proptosis. |
graves
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Toxic adenomatous goiter. Nodular goiter. Insidious onset. Less than 10% of all hyperthyroidism. Usually not related to any autoimmune process. Vague signs and symptoms. Physical findings-lid lag, lid retraction, frequent A-fib, congestive heart failure
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plummer
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