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422 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is a purpose of the Amateur Radio Service as stated in the FCC rules and regulations? |
Advancing skills in the technical and communication phases of the radio art |
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Which agency regulates and enforces the rules for the Amateur Radio Service in the United States? |
The FCC |
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What are the FCC rules regarding the use of a phonetic alphabet for station identification in the Amateur Radio Service? |
D. It is encouraged |
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How many operator/primary station license grants may be held by any one person? |
A. One |
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What is proof of possession of an FCC-issued operator/primary license grant? |
. The control operator's operator/primary station license must appear in the FCC ULS consolidated licensee database |
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What is the FCC Part 97 definition of a beacon? |
. An amateur station transmitting communications for the purposes of observing propagation or related experimental activities |
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Which of the following entities recommends transmit/receive channels and other parameters for auxiliary and repeater stations? |
B. Volunteer Frequency Coordinator recognized by local amateurs |
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Who selects a Frequency Coordinator? |
C. Amateur operators in a local or regional area whose stations are eligible to be repeater or auxiliary stations |
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Which of the following describes the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)? |
D. All of these choices are correct |
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When is willful interference to other amateur radio stations permitted? |
B. At no time |
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What is the International Telecommunications Union (ITU)? |
B. A United Nations agency for information and communication technology issues |
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Which amateur radio stations may make contact with an amateur radio station on the International Space Station (ISS) using 2 meter and 70 cm band frequencies? |
B. Any amateur holding a Technician or higher-class license |
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Which frequency is within the 6 meter amateur band? |
B. 52.525 MHz |
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Which amateur band are you using when your station is transmitting on 146.52 MHz? |
A. 2 meter band |
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What is the limitation for emissions on the frequencies between 219 and 220 MHz? |
. Fixed digital message forwarding systems only |
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On which HF bands does a Technician class operator have phone privileges? |
B. 10 meter band only |
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Which of the following VHF/UHF frequency ranges are limited to CW only? |
A. 50.0 MHz to 50.1 MHz and 144.0 MHz to 144.1 MHz |
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Which of the following is a result of the fact that the Amateur Radio Service is secondary in all or portions of some amateur bands (such as portions of the 70 cm band)? |
. U.S. amateurs may find non-amateur stations in those portions, and must avoid interfering with them |
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Why should you not set your transmit frequency to be exactly at the edge of an amateur band or sub-band? |
D. All of these choices are correct |
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Which of the following HF bands have frequencies available to the Technician class operator for RTTY and data transmissions? |
10 meter band only |
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What is the maximum peak envelope power output for Technician class operators using their assigned portions of the HF bands? |
200 Watts |
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Except for some specific restrictions, what is the maximum peak envelope power output for Technician class operators using frequencies above 30 MHz? |
1500 Watts |
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For which license classes are new licenses currently available from the FCC? |
Technician, General, Amateur Extra |
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Who may select a desired call sign under the vanity call sign rules? |
Any licensed amateur |
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What types of international communications is an FCC-licensed amateur radio station permitted to make? |
Communications incidental to the purposes of the Amateur Radio Service and remarks of a personal character |
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When are you allowed to operate your amateur station in a foreign country? |
When the foreign country authorizes it |
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Which of the following is a valid call sign for a Technician class amateur radio station? |
K1XXX |
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From which of the following locations may an FCC-licensed amateur station transmit? |
From any vessel or craft located in international waters and documented or registered in the United States |
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What may result when correspondence from the FCC is returned as undeliverable because the grantee failed to provide and maintain a correct mailing address with the FCC? |
Revocation of the station license or suspension of the operator license |
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What is the normal term for an FCC-issued primary station/operator amateur radio license grant? |
Ten Years |
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What is the grace period following the expiration of an amateur license within which the license may be renewed? |
Two Years |
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How soon after passing the examination for your first amateur radio license may you operate a transmitter on an Amateur Radio Service frequency? |
As soon as your operator/station license grant appears in the FCC's license database |
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If your license has expired and is still within the allowable grace period, may you continue to operate a transmitter on Amateur Radio Service frequencies? |
No, transmitting is not allowed until the FCC license database shows that the license has been renewed |
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With which countries are FCC-licensed amateur radio stations prohibited from exchanging communications? |
Any country whose administration has notified the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) that it objects to such communications |
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Under which of the following circumstances may an amateur radio station make one-way transmissions? |
When transmitting code practice, information bulletins, or transmissions necessary to provide emergency communications |
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When is it permissible to transmit messages encoded to hide their meaning? |
Only when transmitting control commands to space stations or radio control craft |
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Under what conditions is an amateur station authorized to transmit music using a phone emission? |
When incidental to an authorized retransmission of manned spacecraft communications |
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When may amateur radio operators use their stations to notify other amateurs of the availability of equipment for sale or trade? |
When the equipment is normally used in an amateur station and such activity is not conducted on a regular basis |
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What, if any, are the restrictions concerning transmission of language that may be considered indecent or obscene? |
Any such language is prohibited |
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What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations? |
Repeater, auxiliary, or space stations |
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In which of the following circumstances may the control operator of an amateur station receive compensation for operating that station? |
When the communication is incidental to classroom instruction at an educational institution |
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Under which of the following circumstances are amateur stations authorized to transmit signals related to broadcasting, program production, or news gathering, assuming no other means is available? |
. Only where such communications directly relate to the immediate safety of human life or protection of property |
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What is the meaning of the term broadcasting in the FCC rules for the Amateur Radio Service? |
Transmissions intended for reception by the general public |
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When may an amateur station transmit without on-the-air identification? |
When transmitting signals to control model craft |
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When is an amateur station permitted to transmit without a control operator? |
Never |
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Who may be the control operator of a station communicating through an amateur satellite or space station? |
Any amateur whose license privileges allow them to transmit on the satellite uplink frequency |
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Who must designate the station control operator? |
The station licensee |
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What determines the transmitting privileges of an amateur station? |
The class of operator license held by the control operator |
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What is an amateur station control point? |
The location at which the control operator function is performed |
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When, under normal circumstances, may a Technician class licensee be the control operator of a station operating in an exclusive Amateur Extra class operator segment of the amateur bands? |
At no time |
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When the control operator is not the station licensee, who is responsible for the proper operation of the station? |
The control operator and the station licensee are equally responsible |
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Which of the following is an example of automatic control? |
Repeater operation |
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Which of the following is true of remote control operation? |
All of these choices are correct |
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Which of the following is an example of remote control as defined in Part 97? |
Operating the station over the internet |
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Who does the FCC presume to be the control operator of an amateur station, unless documentation to the contrary is in the station records? |
The station licensee |
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When must the station licensee make the station and its records available for FCC inspection? |
At any time upon request by an FCC representative |
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When using tactical identifiers such as "Race Headquarters" during a community service net operation, how often must your station transmit the station's FCC-assigned call sign? |
At the end of each communication and every ten minutes during a communication |
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When is an amateur station required to transmit its assigned call sign? |
At least every 10 minutes during and at the end of a communication |
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Which of the following is an acceptable language to use for station identification when operating in a phone sub-band? |
The English language |
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What method of call sign identification is required for a station transmitting phone signals? |
Send the call sign using a CW or phone emission |
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Which of the following formats of a self-assigned indicator is acceptable when identifying using a phone transmission? |
D. All of these choices are correct |
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Which of the following restrictions apply when a non-licensed person is allowed to speak to a foreign station using a station under the control of a Technician class control operator? |
The foreign station must be one with which the U.S. has a third-party agreement |
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What is meant by the term Third Party Communications? |
A message from a control operator to another amateur station control operator on behalf of another person |
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What type of amateur station simultaneously retransmits the signal of another amateur station on a different channel or channels? |
Repeater station |
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Who is accountable should a repeater inadvertently retransmit communications that violate the FCC rules? |
The control operator of the originating station |
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Which of the following is a requirement for the issuance of a club station license grant? |
The club must have at least four members |
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Which of the following is a common repeater frequency offset in the 2 meter band? |
Plus or minus 600 kHz |
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What is the national calling frequency for FM simplex operations in the 2 meter band? |
146.520 MHz |
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What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70 cm band? |
Plus or minus 5 MHz |
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What is an appropriate way to call another station on a repeater if you know the other station's call sign? |
Say the station's call sign, then identify with your call sign |
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How should you respond to a station calling CQ? |
Transmit the other station's call sign followed by your call sign |
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Which of the following is required when making on-the-air test transmissions? |
Identify the transmitting station |
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What is meant by "repeater offset?" |
The difference between a repeater's transmit frequency and its receive frequency |
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What is the meaning of the procedural signal "CQ"? |
Calling any station |
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What brief statement indicates that you are listening on a repeater and looking for a contact? |
Your call sign |
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What is a band plan, beyond the privileges established by the FCC? |
A voluntary guideline for using different modes or activities within an amateur band |
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What term describes an amateur station that is transmitting and receiving on the same frequency? |
Simplex |
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Which of the following is a guideline when choosing an operating frequency for calling CQ? |
All of these choices are correct |
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What is the most common use of the "reverse split" function of a VHF/UHF transceiver? |
Listen on a repeater's input frequency |
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What term describes the use of a sub-audible tone transmitted along with normal voice audio to open the squelch of a receiver? |
CTCSS |
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If a station is not strong enough to keep a repeater's receiver squelch open, which of the following might allow you to receive the station's signal? |
Listen on the repeater input frequency |
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Which of the following could be the reason you are unable to access a repeater whose output you can hear? |
All of these choices are correct |
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What might be the problem if a repeater user says your transmissions are breaking up on voice peaks? |
You are talking too loudly |
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What type of tones are used to control repeaters linked by the Internet Relay Linking Project (IRLP) protocol? |
DTMF |
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How can you join a digital repeater's "talk group"? |
Program your radio with the group's ID or code |
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Which of the following applies when two stations transmitting on the same frequency interfere with each other? |
Common courtesy should prevail, but no one has absolute right to an amateur frequency |
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What is a "talk group" on a DMR digital repeater? |
A way for groups of users to share a channel at different times without being heard by other users on the channel |
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Which Q signal indicates that you are receiving interference from other stations? |
QRM |
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Which Q signal indicates that you are changing frequency? |
QSY |
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Why are simplex channels designated in the VHF/UHF band plans? |
So that stations within mutual communications range can communicate without tying up a repeater |
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Where may SSB phone be used in amateur bands above 50 MHz? |
In at least some portion of all these bands |
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Which of the following describes a linked repeater network? |
A network of repeaters where signals received by one repeater are repeated by all the repeaters |
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When do the FCC rules NOT apply to the operation of an amateur station? |
Never, FCC rules always apply |
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What is meant by the term "NCS" used in net operation? |
Net Control Station |
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What should be done when using voice modes to ensure that voice messages containing unusual words are received correctly? |
Spell the words using a standard phonetic alphabet |
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What do RACES and ARES have in common? |
Both organizations may provide communications during emergencies |
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What does the term "traffic" refer to in net operation? |
Formal messages exchanged by net stations |
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Which of the following is an accepted practice to get the immediate attention of a net control station when reporting an emergency? |
Begin your transmission by saying "Priority" or "Emergency" followed by your call sign |
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Which of the following is an accepted practice for an amateur operator who has checked into a net? |
Remain on frequency without transmitting until asked to do so by the net control station |
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Which of the following is a characteristic of good traffic handling? |
Passing messages exactly as received |
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Are amateur station control operators ever permitted to operate outside the frequency privileges of their license class? |
Yes, but only if necessary in situations involving the immediate safety of human life or protection of property |
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What information is contained in the preamble of a formal traffic message? |
The information needed to track the message |
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What is meant by the term "check," in reference to a formal traffic message? |
The number of words or word equivalents in the text portion of the message |
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What is the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)? |
Licensed amateurs who have voluntarily registered their qualifications and equipment for communications duty in the public service |
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What should you do if another operator reports that your station's 2 meter signals were strong just a moment ago, but now they are weak or distorted? |
Try moving a few feet or changing the direction of your antenna if possible, as reflections may be causing multi-path distortion |
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Why might the range of VHF and UHF signals be greater in the winter? |
Less absorption by vegetation |
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What antenna polarization is normally used for long-distance weak-signal CW and SSB contacts using the VHF and UHF bands? |
Horizontal |
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What can happen if the antennas at opposite ends of a VHF or UHF line of sight radio link are not using the same polarization? |
Signals could be significantly weaker |
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When using a directional antenna, how might your station be able to access a distant repeater if buildings or obstructions are blocking the direct line of sight path? |
Try to find a path that reflects signals to the repeater |
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What term is commonly used to describe the rapid fluttering sound sometimes heard from mobile stations that are moving while transmitting? |
Picket fencing |
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What type of wave carries radio signals between transmitting and receiving stations? |
Electromagnetic |
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Which of the following is a likely cause of irregular fading of signals received by ionospheric reflection? |
Random combining of signals arriving via different paths |
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Which of the following results from the fact that skip signals refracted from the ionosphere are elliptically polarized? |
Either vertically or horizontally polarized antennas may be used for transmission or reception |
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What may occur if data signals arrive via multiple paths? |
Error rates are likely to increase |
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Which part of the atmosphere enables the propagation of radio signals around the world? |
The Ionosphere |
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How might fog and light rain affect radio range on the 10 meter and 6 meter bands? |
Fog and light rain will have little effect on these bands |
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What weather condition would decrease range at microwave frequencies? |
Precipitation |
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What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one complete cycle? |
Wavelength |
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What property of a radio wave is used to describe its polarization? |
The orientation of the electric field |
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What are the two components of a radio wave? |
Electric and magnetic fields |
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How fast does a radio wave travel through free space? |
At the speed of light |
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How does the wavelength of a radio wave relate to its frequency? |
The wavelength gets shorter as the frequency increases |
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What is the formula for converting frequency to approximate wavelength in meters? |
Wavelength in meters equals 300 divided by frequency in megahertz |
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What property of radio waves is often used to identify the different frequency bands? |
The approximate wavelength |
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What are the frequency limits of the VHF spectrum? |
30 to 300 MHz |
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What are the frequency limits of the UHF spectrum? |
300 to 3000 MHz |
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What frequency range is referred to as HF? |
3 to 30 MHz |
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What is the approximate velocity of a radio wave as it travels through free space? |
300,000,000 meters per second |
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Why are direct (not via a repeater) UHF signals rarely heard from stations outside your local coverage area? |
UHF signals are usually not reflected by the ionosphere |
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Which of the following is an advantage of HF vs VHF and higher frequencies? |
Long distance ionospheric propagation is far more common on HF |
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What is a characteristic of VHF signals received via auroral reflection? |
The signals exhibit rapid fluctuations of strength and often sound distorted |
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Which of the following propagation types is most commonly associated with occasional strong over-the-horizon signals on the 10, 6, and 2 meter bands? |
Sporadic E |
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Which of the following effects might cause radio signals to be heard despite obstructions between the transmitting and receiving stations? |
Knife-edge diffraction |
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What mode is responsible for allowing over-the-horizon VHF and UHF communications to ranges of approximately 300 miles on a regular basis? |
Tropospheric ducting |
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What band is best suited for communicating via meteor scatter? |
6 meter band |
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What causes tropospheric ducting? |
Temperature inversions in the atmosphere |
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What is generally the best time for long-distance 10 meter band propagation via the F layer? |
From dawn to shortly after sunset during periods of high sunspot activity |
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Which of the following bands may provide long distance communications during the peak of the sunspot cycle? |
6 or 10 meter bands |
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Why do VHF and UHF radio signals usually travel somewhat farther than the visual line of sight distance between two stations? |
The Earth seems less curved to radio waves than to light |
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What must be considered to determine the minimum current capacity needed for a transceiver power supply? |
All of these choices are correct |
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How might a computer be used as part of an amateur radio station? |
All of these choices are correct |
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Why should wiring between the power source and radio be heavy-gauge wire and kept as short as possible? |
To avoid voltage falling below that needed for proper operation |
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Which computer sound card port is connected to a transceiver's headphone or speaker output for operating digital modes? |
Microphone or line input |
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What is the proper location for an external SWR meter? |
In series with the feed line, between the transmitter and antenna |
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Which of the following connections might be used between a voice transceiver and a computer for digital operation? |
Receive audio, transmit audio, and push-to-talk (PTT) |
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How is a computer's sound card used when conducting digital communications? |
The sound card provides audio to the radio's microphone input and converts received audio to digital form |
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Which of the following conductors provides the lowest impedance to RF signals? |
Flat strap |
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Which of the following could you use to cure distorted audio caused by RF current on the shield of a microphone cable? |
Ferrite choke |
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What is the source of a high-pitched whine that varies with engine speed in a mobile transceiver's receive audio? |
The alternator |
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Where should the negative return connection of a mobile transceiver's power cable be connected? |
At the battery or engine block ground strap |
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What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high? |
The output signal might become distorted |
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Which of the following can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver? |
The keypad or VFO knob |
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What is the purpose of the squelch control on a transceiver? |
To mute receiver output noise when no signal is being received |
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What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver? |
Store the frequency in a memory channel |
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Which of the following would reduce ignition interference to a receiver? |
Turn on the noise blanker |
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Which of the following controls could be used if the voice pitch of a single-sideband signal seems too high or low? |
The receiver RIT or clarifier |
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What does the term "RIT" mean? |
Receiver Incremental Tuning |
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What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver? |
Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode |
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Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth for minimizing noise and interference for SSB reception? |
2400 Hz |
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Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth for minimizing noise and interference for CW reception? |
500 Hz |
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What is the function of automatic gain control, or AGC? |
To keep received audio relatively constant |
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Which of the following could be used to remove power line noise or ignition noise? |
Noise blanker |
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Which of the following is a use for the scanning function of an FM transceiver? |
To scan through a range of frequencies to check for activity |
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Electrical current is measured in which of the following units? |
Amperes |
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Electrical power is measured in which of the following units? |
Watts |
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What is the name for the flow of electrons in an electric circuit? |
Current |
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What is the name for a current that flows only in one direction? |
Direct current |
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What is the electrical term for the electromotive force (EMF) that causes electron flow? |
Voltage |
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How much voltage does a mobile transceiver typically require? |
About 12 volts |
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Which of the following is a good electrical conductor? |
Copper |
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Which of the following is a good electrical insulator? |
Glass |
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What is the name for a current that reverses direction on a regular basis? |
Alternating current |
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Which term describes the rate at which electrical energy is used? |
Power |
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What is the unit of electromotive force? |
The volt |
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What describes the number of times per second that an alternating current makes a complete cycle? |
Frequency |
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In which type of circuit is current the same through all components? |
Series |
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In which type of circuit is voltage the same across all components? |
Parallel |
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How many milliamperes is 1.5 amperes? |
1500 milliamperes |
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What is another way to specify a radio signal frequency of 1,500,000 hertz? |
1500 kHz |
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How many volts are equal to one kilovolt? |
One thousand volts |
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How many volts are equal to one microvolt? |
One one-millionth of a volt |
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Which of the following is equal to 500 milliwatts? |
0.5 watts |
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If an ammeter calibrated in amperes is used to measure a 3000-milliampere current, what reading would it show? |
3 amperes |
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If a frequency display calibrated in megahertz shows a reading of 3.525 MHz, what would it show if it were calibrated in kilohertz? |
3525 kHz |
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How many microfarads are equal to 1,000,000 picofarads? |
1 microfarad |
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What is the approximate amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power increase from 5 watts to 10 watts? |
3 dB |
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What is the approximate amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power decrease from 12 watts to 3 watts? |
-6 dB |
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What is the amount of change, measured in decibels (dB), of a power increase from 20 watts to 200 watts? |
10 dB |
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Which of the following frequencies is equal to 28,400 kHz? |
28.400 MHz |
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If a frequency display shows a reading of 2425 MHz, what frequency is that in GHz? |
2.425 GHz |
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What is the ability to store energy in an electric field called? |
Capacitance |
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What is the basic unit of capacitance? |
Farad |
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What is the ability to store energy in a magnetic field called? |
Inductance |
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What is the basic unit of inductance? |
The henry |
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What is the unit of frequency? |
Hertz |
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What does the abbreviation "RF" refer to? |
Radio frequency signals of all types |
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A radio wave is made up of what type of energy? |
Electromagnetic |
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What is the formula used to calculate electrical power in a DC circuit? |
Power (P) equals voltage (E) multiplied by current (I) |
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How much power is being used in a circuit when the applied voltage is 13.8 volts DC and the current is 10 amperes? |
138 watts |
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How much power is being used in a circuit when the applied voltage is 12 volts DC and the current is 2.5 amperes? |
30 watts |
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How many amperes are flowing in a circuit when the applied voltage is 12 volts DC and the load is 120 watts? |
10 amperes |
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What is impedance? |
A measure of the opposition to AC current flow in a circuit |
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What is a unit of impedance? |
Ohms |
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What is the proper abbreviation for megahertz? |
MHz |
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What formula is used to calculate current in a circuit? |
Current (I) equals voltage (E) divided by resistance (R) |
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What formula is used to calculate voltage in a circuit? |
Voltage (E) equals current (I) multiplied by resistance (R) |
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What formula is used to calculate resistance in a circuit? |
Resistance (R) equals voltage (E) divided by current (I) |
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What is the resistance of a circuit in which a current of 3 amperes flows through a resistor connected to 90 volts? |
30 ohms |
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What is the resistance in a circuit for which the applied voltage is 12 volts and the current flow is 1.5 amperes? |
8 ohms |
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What is the resistance of a circuit that draws 4 amperes from a 12-volt source? |
3 ohms |
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What is the current in a circuit with an applied voltage of 120 volts and a resistance of 80 ohms? |
1.5 amperes |
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What is the current through a 100-ohm resistor connected across 200 volts? |
2 amperes |
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What is the current through a 24-ohm resistor connected across 240 volts? |
10 amperes |
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What is the voltage across a 2-ohm resistor if a current of 0.5 amperes flows through it? |
1 volt |
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What is the voltage across a 10-ohm resistor if a current of 1 ampere flows through it? |
10 volts |
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What is the voltage across a 10-ohm resistor if a current of 2 amperes flows through it? |
20 volts |
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What happens to current at the junction of two components in series? |
It is unchanged |
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What happens to current at the junction of two components in parallel? |
It divides between them dependent on the value of the components |
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What is the voltage across each of two components in series with a voltage source? |
It is determined by the type and value of the components |
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What is the voltage across each of two components in parallel with a voltage source? |
The same voltage as the source |
|
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What electrical component opposes the flow of current in a DC circuit? |
Resistor |
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What type of component is often used as an adjustable volume control? |
Potentiometer |
|
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What electrical parameter is controlled by a potentiometer? |
Resistance |
|
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What electrical component stores energy in an electric field? |
Capacitor |
|
|
What type of electrical component consists of two or more conductive surfaces separated by an insulator? |
Capacitor |
|
|
What type of electrical component stores energy in a magnetic field? |
Inductor |
|
|
What electrical component usually is constructed as a coil of wire? |
Inductor |
|
|
What electrical component is used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits? |
Switch |
|
|
What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads? |
Fuse |
|
|
Which of the following battery types is rechargeable? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
Which of the following battery types is not rechargeable? |
Carbon-zinc |
|
|
What class of electronic components uses a voltage or current signal to control current flow? |
Transistors |
|
|
What electronic component allows current to flow in only one direction? |
Diode |
|
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Which of these components can be used as an electronic switch or amplifier? |
Transistor |
|
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Which of the following components can consist of three layers of semiconductor material? |
Transistor |
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Which of the following electronic components can amplify signals? |
Transistor |
|
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How is the cathode lead of a semiconductor diode often marked on the package? |
With a stripe |
|
|
What does the abbreviation LED stand for? |
Light Emitting Diode |
|
|
What does the abbreviation FET stand for? |
Field Effect Transistor |
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|
What are the names of the two electrodes of a diode? |
Anode and cathode |
|
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Which of the following could be the primary gain-producing component in an RF power amplifier? |
Transistor |
|
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What is the term that describes a device's ability to amplify a signal? |
Gain |
|
|
What is the name of an electrical wiring diagram that uses standard component symbols? |
Schematic |
|
|
What is component 1 in figure T1? |
Resistor |
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What is component 2 in figure T1? |
Transistor |
|
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What is component 3 in figure T1? |
Lamp |
|
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What is component 4 in figure T1? |
Battery |
|
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What is component 6 in figure T2? |
Capacitor |
|
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What is component 8 in figure T2? |
Light emitting diode |
|
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What is component 9 in figure T2? |
Variable resistor |
|
|
What is component 4 in figure T2? |
Transformer |
|
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What is component 3 in figure T3? |
Variable inductor |
|
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What is component 4 in figure T3? |
Antenna |
|
|
What do the symbols on an electrical schematic represent? |
Electrical components |
|
|
Which of the following is accurately represented in electrical schematics? |
The way components are interconnected |
|
|
Which of the following devices or circuits changes an alternating current into a varying direct current signal? |
Rectifier |
|
|
What is a relay? |
An electrically-controlled switch |
|
|
What type of switch is represented by component 3 in figure T2? |
Single-pole single-throw |
|
|
Which of the following displays an electrical quantity as a numeric value? |
Meter |
|
|
What type of circuit controls the amount of voltage from a power supply? |
Regulator |
|
|
What component is commonly used to change 120V AC house current to a lower AC voltage for other uses? |
Transformer |
|
|
Which of the following is commonly used as a visual indicator? |
LED |
|
|
Which of the following is combined with an inductor to make a tuned circuit? |
Capacitor |
|
|
What is the name of a device that combines several semiconductors and other components into one package? |
Integrated circuit |
|
|
What is the function of component 2 in Figure T1? |
Control the flow of current |
|
|
Which of the following is a resonant or tuned circuit? |
An inductor and a capacitor connected in series or parallel to form a filter |
|
|
Which of the following is a common reason to use shielded wire? |
To prevent coupling of unwanted signals to or from the wire |
|
|
Which term describes the ability of a receiver to detect the presence of a signal? |
Sensitivity |
|
|
What is a transceiver? |
A unit combining the functions of a transmitter and a receiver |
|
|
Which of the following is used to convert a radio signal from one frequency to another? |
Mixer |
|
|
Which term describes the ability of a receiver to discriminate between multiple signals? |
Selectivity |
|
|
What is the name of a circuit that generates a signal at a specific frequency? |
Oscillator |
|
|
What device converts the RF input and output of a transceiver to another band? |
Transverter |
|
|
What is meant by "PTT"? |
The push-to-talk function that switches between receive and transmit |
|
|
Which of the following describes combining speech with an RF carrier signal? |
Modulation |
|
|
What is the function of the SSB/CW-FM switch on a VHF power amplifier? |
Set the amplifier for proper operation in the selected mode |
|
|
What device increases the low-power output from a handheld transceiver? |
An RF power amplifier |
|
|
Where is an RF preamplifier installed? |
Between the antenna and receiver |
|
|
What can you do if you are told your FM handheld or mobile transceiver is over-deviating? |
Talk farther away from the microphone |
|
|
What would cause a broadcast AM or FM radio to receive an amateur radio transmission unintentionally? |
The receiver is unable to reject strong signals outside the AM or FM band |
|
|
Which of the following can cause radio frequency interference? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
Which of the following is a way to reduce or eliminate interference from an amateur transmitter to a nearby telephone? |
Put an RF filter on the telephone |
|
|
How can overload of a non-amateur radio or TV receiver by an amateur signal be reduced or eliminated? |
Block the amateur signal with a filter at the antenna input of the affected receiver |
|
|
Which of the following actions should you take if a neighbor tells you that your station's transmissions are interfering with their radio or TV reception? |
Make sure that your station is functioning properly and that it does not cause interference to your own radio or television when it is tuned to the same channel |
|
|
Which of the following can reduce overload to a VHF transceiver from a nearby FM broadcast station? |
Band-reject filter |
|
|
What should you do if something in a neighbor's home is causing harmful interference to your amateur station? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What is a Part 15 device? |
An unlicensed device that may emit low-powered radio signals on frequencies used by a licensed service |
|
|
What might be a problem if you receive a report that your audio signal through the repeater is distorted or unintelligible? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What is a symptom of RF feedback in a transmitter or transceiver? |
Reports of garbled, distorted, or unintelligible voice transmissions |
|
|
What should be the first step to resolve cable TV interference from your ham radio transmission? |
Be sure all TV coaxial connectors are installed properly |
|
|
What is the primary purpose of a dummy load? |
To prevent transmitting signals over the air when making tests |
|
|
Which of the following instruments can be used to determine if an antenna is resonant at the desired operating frequency? |
An antenna analyzer |
|
|
What, in general terms, is standing wave ratio (SWR)? |
A measure of how well a load is matched to a transmission line |
|
|
What reading on an SWR meter indicates a perfect impedance match between the antenna and the feed line? |
1 to 1 |
|
|
Why do most solid-state amateur radio transmitters reduce output power as SWR increases? |
To protect the output amplifier transistors |
|
|
What does an SWR reading of 4:1 indicate? |
Impedance mismatch |
|
|
What happens to power lost in a feed line? |
It is converted into heat |
|
|
What instrument other than an SWR meter could you use to determine if a feed line and antenna are properly matched? |
Directional wattmeter |
|
|
Which of the following is the most common cause for failure of coaxial cables? |
Moisture contamination |
|
|
Why should the outer jacket of coaxial cable be resistant to ultraviolet light? |
Ultraviolet light can damage the jacket and allow water to enter the cable |
|
|
What is a disadvantage of air core coaxial cable when compared to foam or solid dielectric types? |
It requires special techniques to prevent water absorption |
|
|
What does a dummy load consist of? |
A non-inductive resistor and a heat sink |
|
|
Which instrument would you use to measure electric potential or electromotive force? |
A voltmeter |
|
|
What is the correct way to connect a voltmeter to a circuit? |
In parallel with the circuit |
|
|
How is a simple ammeter connected to a circuit? |
In series with the circuit |
|
|
Which instrument is used to measure electric current? |
An ammeter |
|
|
What instrument is used to measure resistance? |
An ohmmeter |
|
|
Which of the following might damage a multimeter? |
Attempting to measure voltage when using the resistance setting |
|
|
Which of the following measurements are commonly made using a multimeter? |
Voltage and resistance |
|
|
Which of the following types of solder is best for radio and electronic use? |
Rosin-core solder |
|
|
What is the characteristic appearance of a cold solder joint? |
A grainy or dull surface |
|
|
What is probably happening when an ohmmeter, connected across an unpowered circuit, initially indicates a low resistance and then shows increasing resistance with time? |
The circuit contains a large capacitor |
|
|
Which of the following precautions should be taken when measuring circuit resistance with an ohmmeter? |
Ensure that the circuit is not powered |
|
|
Which of the following precautions should be taken when measuring high voltages with a voltmeter? |
Ensure that the voltmeter and leads are rated for use at the voltages to be measured |
|
|
Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation? |
Single sideband |
|
|
What type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF packet radio transmissions? |
FM |
|
|
Which type of voice mode is most often used for long-distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and UHF bands? |
SSB |
|
|
Which type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF and UHF voice repeaters? |
FM |
|
|
Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth? |
CW |
|
|
Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF, and UHF single-sideband communications? |
Upper sideband |
|
|
What is an advantage of single sideband (SSB) over FM for voice transmissions? |
SSB signals have narrower bandwidth |
|
|
What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband (SSB) voice signal? |
3 kHz |
|
|
What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM phone signal? |
Between 10 and 15 kHz |
|
|
What is the typical bandwidth of analog fast-scan TV transmissions on the 70 centimeter band? |
About 6 MHz |
|
|
What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW signal? |
150 Hz |
|
|
What telemetry information is typically transmitted by satellite beacons? |
Health and status of the satellite |
|
|
What is the impact of using too much effective radiated power on a satellite uplink? |
Blocking access by other users |
|
|
Which of the following are provided by satellite tracking programs? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What mode of transmission is commonly used by amateur radio satellites? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What is a satellite beacon? |
A transmission from a satellite that contains status information |
|
|
Which of the following are inputs to a satellite tracking program? |
The Keplerian elements |
|
|
With regard to satellite communications, what is Doppler shift? |
An observed change in signal frequency caused by relative motion between the satellite and the earth station |
|
|
What is meant by the statement that a satellite is operating in mode U/V? |
The satellite uplink is in the 70 centimeter band and the downlink is in the 2 meter band |
|
|
What causes spin fading of satellite signals? |
Rotation of the satellite and its antennas |
|
|
What do the initials LEO tell you about an amateur satellite? |
The satellite is in a Low Earth Orbit |
|
|
Who may receive telemetry from a space station? |
Anyone who can receive the telemetry signal |
|
|
Which of the following is a good way to judge whether your uplink power is neither too low nor too high? |
Your signal strength on the downlink should be about the same as the beacon |
|
|
Which of the following methods is used to locate sources of noise interference or jamming? |
Radio direction finding |
|
|
Which of these items would be useful for a hidden transmitter hunt? |
A directional antenna |
|
|
What operating activity involves contacting as many stations as possible during a specified period? |
Contesting |
|
|
Which of the following is good procedure when contacting another station in a radio contest? |
Send only the minimum information needed for proper identification and the contest exchange |
|
|
What is a grid locator? |
A letter-number designator assigned to a geographic location |
|
|
How is access to some IRLP nodes accomplished? |
By using DTMF signals |
|
|
What is meant by Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) as used in amateur radio? |
A method of delivering voice communications over the internet using digital techniques |
|
|
What is the Internet Radio Linking Project (IRLP)? |
A technique to connect amateur radio systems, such as repeaters, via the internet using Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) |
|
|
How might you obtain a list of active nodes that use VoIP? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What must be done before you may use the EchoLink system to communicate using a repeater? |
You must register your call sign and provide proof of license |
|
|
What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to the internet? |
A gateway |
|
|
Which of the following is a digital communications mode? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What does the term "APRS" mean? |
Automatic Packet Reporting System |
|
|
Which of the following devices is used to provide data to the transmitter when sending automatic position reports from a mobile amateur radio station? |
A Global Positioning System receiver |
|
|
What type of transmission is indicated by the term "NTSC?" |
An analog fast scan color TV signal |
|
|
Which of the following is an application of APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System)? |
Providing real-time tactical digital communications in conjunction with a map showing the locations of stations |
|
|
What does the abbreviation "PSK" mean? |
Phase Shift Keying |
|
|
Which of the following best describes DMR (Digital Mobile Radio)? |
A technique for time-multiplexing two digital voice signals on a single 12.5 kHz repeater channel |
|
|
Which of the following may be included in packet transmissions? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands? |
International Morse |
|
|
Which of the following operating activities is supported by digital mode software in the WSJT suite? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What is an ARQ transmission system? |
digital scheme whereby the receiving station detects errors and sends a request to the sending station to retransmit the information |
|
|
Which of the following best describes Broadband-Hamnet(TM), also referred to as a high-speed multi-media network? |
An amateur-radio-based data network using commercial Wi-Fi gear with modified firmware |
|
|
What is FT8? |
A digital mode capable of operating in low signal-to-noise conditions that transmits on 15-second intervals |
|
|
What is an electronic keyer? |
A device that assists in manual sending of Morse code |
|
|
What is a beam antenna? |
An antenna that concentrates signals in one direction |
|
|
Which of the following describes a type of antenna loading? |
Inserting an inductor in the radiating portion of the antenna to make it electrically longer |
|
|
Which of the following describes a simple dipole oriented parallel to the Earth's surface? |
A horizontally polarized antenna |
|
|
What is a disadvantage of the "rubber duck" antenna supplied with most handheld radio transceivers when compared to a full-sized quarter-wave antenna? |
It does not transmit or receive as effectively |
|
|
How would you change a dipole antenna to make it resonant on a higher frequency? |
Shorten it |
|
|
What type of antennas are the quad, Yagi, and dish? |
Directional antennas |
|
|
What is a disadvantage of using a handheld VHF transceiver, with its integral antenna, inside a vehicle? |
Signals might not propagate well due to the shielding effect of the vehicle |
|
|
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a quarter-wavelength vertical antenna for 146 MHz? |
19 |
|
|
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a half-wavelength 6 meter dipole antenna? |
112 |
|
|
In which direction does a half-wave dipole antenna radiate the strongest signal? |
Broadside to the antenna |
|
|
What is the gain of an antenna? |
The increase in signal strength in a specified direction compared to a reference antenna |
|
|
What is an advantage of using a properly mounted 5/8 wavelength antenna for VHF or UHF mobile service? |
It has a lower radiation angle and more gain than a 1/4 wavelength antenna |
|
|
Why is it important to have low SWR when using coaxial cable feed line? |
To reduce signal loss |
|
|
What is the impedance of most coaxial cables used in amateur radio installations? |
50 ohms |
|
|
Why is coaxial cable the most common feed line selected for amateur radio antenna systems? |
It is easy to use and requires few special installation considerations |
|
|
What is the major function of an antenna tuner (antenna coupler)? |
It matches the antenna system impedance to the transceiver's output impedance |
|
|
In general, what happens as the frequency of a signal passing through coaxial cable is increased? |
The loss increases |
|
|
Which of the following connectors is most suitable for frequencies above 400 MHz? |
A Type N connector |
|
|
Which of the following is true of PL-259 type coax connectors? |
They are commonly used at HF frequencies |
|
|
Why should coax connectors exposed to the weather be sealed against water intrusion? |
To prevent an increase in feed line loss |
|
|
What can cause erratic changes in SWR readings? |
A loose connection in an antenna or a feed line |
|
|
What is the electrical difference between RG-58 and RG-8 coaxial cable? |
RG-8 cable has less loss at a given frequency |
|
|
Which of the following types of feed line has the lowest loss at VHF and UHF? |
Air-insulated hard line |
|
|
Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery? |
Shorting the terminals can cause burns, fire, or an explosion |
|
|
What health hazard is presented by electrical current flowing through the body? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
In the United States, what is connected to the green wire in a three-wire electrical AC plug? |
Equipment ground |
|
|
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit? |
To interrupt power in case of overload |
|
|
Why is it unwise to install a 20-ampere fuse in the place of a 5-ampere fuse? |
Excessive current could cause a fire |
|
|
What is a good way to guard against electrical shock at your station? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
Which of these precautions should be taken when installing devices for lightning protection in a coaxial cable feed line? |
Mount all of the protectors on a metal plate that is in turn connected to an external ground rod |
|
|
What safety equipment should always be included in home-built equipment that is powered from 120V AC power circuits? |
A fuse or circuit breaker in series with the AC hot conductor |
|
|
What should be done to all external ground rods or earth connections? |
Bond them together with heavy wire or conductive strap |
|
|
What can happen if a lead-acid storage battery is charged or discharged too quickly? |
The battery could overheat, give off flammable gas, or explode |
|
|
What kind of hazard might exist in a power supply when it is turned off and disconnected? |
You might receive an electric shock from the charge stored in large capacitors |
|
|
When should members of a tower work team wear a hard hat and safety glasses? |
At all times when any work is being done on the tower |
|
|
What is a good precaution to observe before climbing an antenna tower? |
Put on a carefully inspected climbing harness(fall arrester)and safety glasses |
|
|
Under what circumstances is it safe to climb a tower without a helper or observer? |
Never |
|
|
Which of the following is an important safety precaution to observe when putting up an antenna tower? |
Look for and stay clear of any overhead electrical wires |
|
|
What is the purpose of a gin pole? |
To lift tower sections or antennas |
|
|
What is the minimum safe distance from a power line to allow when installing an antenna? |
Enough so that if the antenna falls unexpectedly, no part of it can come closer than 10 feet to the power wires |
|
|
Which of the following is an important safety rule to remember when using a crank-up tower? |
This type of tower must not be climbed unless retracted or mechanical safety locking devices have been installed |
|
|
What is considered to be a proper grounding method for a tower? |
Separate eight-foot long ground rods for each tower leg, bonded to the tower and each other |
|
|
Why should you avoid attaching an antenna to a utility pole? |
The antenna could contact high-voltage power lines |
|
|
Which of the following is true when installing grounding conductors used for lightning protection? |
Sharp bends must be avoided |
|
|
Which of the following establishes grounding requirements for an amateur radio tower or antenna? |
Local electrical codes |
|
|
Which of the following is good practice when installing ground wires on a tower for lightning protection? |
Ensure that connections are short and direct |
|
|
What is the purpose of a safety wire through a turnbuckle used to tension guy lines? |
Prevent loosening of the guy line from vibration |
|
|
What type of radiation are VHF and UHF radio signals? |
Non-ionizing radiation |
|
|
Which of the following frequencies has the lowest value for Maximum Permissible Exposure limit? |
50 MHz |
|
|
What is the maximum power level that an amateur radio station may use at VHF frequencies before an RF exposure evaluation is required? |
50 watts PEP at the antenna |
|
|
What factors affect the RF exposure of people near an amateur station antenna? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
Why do exposure limits vary with frequency? |
The human body absorbs more RF energy at some frequencies than at others |
|
|
Which of the following is an acceptable method to determine that your station complies with FCC RF exposure regulations? |
All of these choices are correct |
|
|
What could happen if a person accidentally touched your antenna while you were transmitting? |
They might receive a painful RF burn |
|
|
Which of the following actions might amateur operators take to prevent exposure to RF radiation in excess of FCC-supplied limits? |
Relocate antennas |
|
|
How can you make sure your station stays in compliance with RF safety regulations? |
By re-evaluating the station whenever an item of equipment is changed |
|
|
Why is duty cycle one of the factors used to determine safe RF radiation exposure levels? |
It affects the average exposure of people to radiation |
|
|
What is the definition of duty cycle during the averaging time for RF exposure? |
The percentage of time that a transmitter is transmitting |
|
|
How does RF radiation differ from ionizing radiation (radioactivity)? |
RF radiation does not have sufficient energy to cause genetic damage |
|
|
If the averaging time for exposure is 6 minutes, how much power density is permitted if the signal is present for 3 minutes and absent for 3 minutes rather than being present for the entire 6 minutes? |
2 times as much |
