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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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2pq
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In the equation it represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
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Humans
2pq is found in an equation |
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Q2
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The frequency in an equation of a recessive allele.
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Hardy Weinberg problemsQ2 can be found in the Hardy Weinberg problems.
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Micro evolution
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Evolution in a species, typically in a short period of time
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Bacteria
Micro evolution is always happening |
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Natural selection
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The process by which organism who are better prepared and adapted to the environment survive
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Humans
Natural selection is natural process |
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Gene flow
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Transfer of genes from one population to another
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Humans
Gene flow is involved in organism |
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Genetic drift
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Variation in the frequency of genotypes in a small population
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Humans
Genetic drift involves organism |
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Founder effect
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The reduced genetic diversity, that occurs when a population comes from a small amount of founders
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Humans
Founder effect is part of everyday life |
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Inbreeding
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Breeding of closely related individuals
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Animals
Inbreeding is not very common |
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Population bottleneck
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A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental changes
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Dinosaurs
Population bottleneck is a bad thing |
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Inbreeding depression
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The reduced biological fitness as resulted from inbreeding
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Animals
Inbreeding depression is a bad thing |
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Quantitative traits
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Traits that very in degree and can be attributed used to polygenic
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Humans
Quantitative traits occur in humans |
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Quantitative traits loci
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Stretches of DNA linked to genes that are on top of a quantitative trait
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Humans
Quantitative traits loci cover quantitative traits |
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Artificial selection
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The breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits
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DogsArtificial selection is not a natural process
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Population genetics |
The field of biology that studies microevolution |
Mendel's laws of inheritance help scientist study this Variation among individuals is the raw material for evolution |
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Gene pool |
Consists of all the genes of a local population of organisms |
A central concept in population genetics A collection of all the genes and their different alleles |
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Population |
Inhabitants of a particular area |
The population is rising. I am part of the population of Saco |
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Population |
Inhabitants of a particular area |
The population is rising. I am part of the population of Saco |
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Evolution |
The development of different organisms |
Differences Humans evolved over time |
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Polymorphic |
Having more than one form |
When two or more alleles of a gene for a trait are present in a gene pool, the population is polymorphic for that trait |
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Genetic variation |
Diversity in gene frequencies |
Differences in individuals Differences in populations |
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Mutation |
A structural change |
Can occur in a gene, a chromosome, or another genetic unit |
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Genetic recombination |
The production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent. |
Source of variation Recombination of alleles in meiosis |
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Hardy-Weinberg Model |
If certain conditions are met, the frequencies of different alleles of the same gene do not change from one generation to the next |
An idealized mathematical model of gene pools Proposed in 1908 |
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P |
Represents the frequency of an allele |
Is used in an equation |
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Q |
Represents the frequency of an allele |
Is used in an equation |
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Q |
Represents the frequency of an allele |
Is used in an equation |
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P^2 |
The frequency for homozygous of an allele |
Represented in a equation |
