H Bio, Ch #3

Front 1

Phospholipids

Back 1

Type of lipid that combines with a phosphate group and forms a cell membrane with proteins.

Hint 1

2. My phospholipids are like the bouncer at a club that keeps the riff raff out

Front 2

Phospholipid Bilayer

Back 2

The two layers of phospholipids that form a membrane.

Hint 2

2. Thanks to the phospholipid bilayer my cells insides say dry

Front 3

Polarity

Back 3

The ability to dissolve in water

Hint 3

1. Why NaCl dissolves in water

2. Oil doesn't mix with water because it doesn't have polarity

Front 4

Transport Proteins

Back 4

Proteins that help life-essential molecules pass into cells

Hint 4

2. I use transport proteins to get my amino acids inside my cells

Front 5

Glycoproteins

Back 5

Membrane proteins with carbohydrate chains that act as antennae

Hint 5

2. My glycoproteins might hear my other cells telling them about bacteria

Front 6

Glycolipids

Back 6

Membrane lipids with carbohydrate chains that act as antennae

Hint 6

2. My glycolipids might hear other cells talking about the pH

Front 7

Diffusion

Back 7

The motion of molecules from a higher to a lower concentration

Hint 7

1. Dye spreading out in a cup

2. Diffusion was why I was able to smell that pizza

Front 8

Concentration Gradient

Back 8

The difference in the concentration of molecules in a certain distance.

Hint 8

1. Water building up along a dam

2. The concentration gradient acts like a ramp, greater distance means lower concentration

Front 9

Osmosis

Back 9

A special form of diffusion that happens when water diffuses

Hint 9

1. A blood cell exploding because of too much water

2. Plants have cell walls to help stop some of the effects of osmosis

Front 10

Turgor

Back 10

The swelling of a cell against its wall

Hint 10

2. Turgor is why plant cells don't burst

Front 11

Isotonic

Back 11

When cells have the same concentration of substances inside and out

Hint 11

1. A cell having the same amount of water both in the cytoplasm and outside environment

2. My cells are isotonic so they don't shrink or explode

Front 12

Hypotonic

Back 12

When cells have a greater concentration of substances inside them.

Hint 12

1. A cell that has more water inside its cytoplasm

2. The cell placed in pure water exploded because it was hypotonic

Front 13

Hypertonic

Back 13

When cells have a greater concentration of substances outside them

Hint 13

1. A cell that has more water pressuring its membrane

2. The cell shrunk when placed in glucose because it had become hypertonic

Front 14

Passive Transport

Back 14

Diffusion that no uses to energy to transport molecules

Hint 14

1. Carbon dioxide passing into a cell

2. Since passive transport uses no energy, it makes more sense for cells to use

Front 15

Active Transport

Back 15

Diffusion that uses energy to transport molecules, by moving them against their concentration gradient

Hint 15

1. Na+ passing into a cell

2. My cells use active transport because they need energy to pass my ions through

Front 16

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 16

A type of passive transport that diffuses molecules with help from transport proteins

Hint 16

1. Opening a channel so the molecules can enter

2. Using facilitated diffusion molecules can pass through the membrane without using energy.

Front 17

Endocytosis

Back 17

How cells move very large molecules into cells

Hint 17

2. The tree used endocytosis to get the food in its cell

Front 18

Exocytosis

Back 18

How cells remove waste and large molecules from their cells

Hint 18

1. A cell removing ammonium

2. My stomach uses exocytosis to release digestive enzymes