H Bio, Ch #1

Front 1

Atom

Back 1

What elements are made of. They retain the essential components of elements.

Hint 1

1. Copper wire is made of these

2.My necklace of pure gold is made of millions of tiny gold atoms

Front 2

Molecule

Back 2

What all substances are made of. They retain the essential components of their respective substances.

Hint 2

1. H20

2. The unimaginably advanced microscope just just make out the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of the water molecule

Front 3

Element

Back 3

Pure substances made of only one kind of atom. They can not be broken into any other substance.

Hint 3

1. Fe, H

2. My 1 billion karat gold necklace has only one element in it

Front 4

Proton

Back 4

One of the three parts of an atom. It has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus.

Hint 4

1. Something positively charged and found in the nucleus of an atom

2. "God," electron said, "I don't see how proton can be so positive all the time"

Front 5

Electron

Back 5

One of three parts of an atom. It has a negative charge, and is found in a cloud outside the nucleus.

Hint 5

1. Something negatively charged and found outside the nucleus of an atom

2. "Y'know" said proton, "Electron is really dragging me down with his negative energy

Front 6

Neutron

Back 6

One of three parts of an atom. It has no charge and is found in the nucleus.

Hint 6

1. Something with no charge found in the nucleus

2. "I don't see what proton and neutron are fighting about" neutron said, "Having no charge is just fine"

Front 7

Ion

Back 7

An atom or molecule that has received a positive or negative charge from ionic bonding

Hint 7

1. A sodium atom after it has bonded with chlorine

2. The ion certainly seemed more positive after it gave one of its electrons away.

Front 8

Isotope

Back 8

An atom that more or less neutrons than other atoms of the same element

Hint 8

1. A hydrogen atom with 1 neutron as opposed to none

2. Because having more neutrons made the isotope slightly radioactige it was made fun of by the other atoms

Front 9

Ionic Bond

Back 9

The transfer of elections from one atom to another

Hint 9

1. NaCl

2. After sodium finished ionic bonding it was happy to be rid of its extra electron

Front 10

Covalent Bond

Back 10

Two or more atoms sharing electrons

Hint 10

1. H20

2. Two two hydrogen atoms were very happy to covalently bond and share their electrons with oxygen

Front 11

Polar Covalent Bond

Back 11

In covalent bonding, when electrons aren't shared equally

Hint 11

1. H20

2. Hydrogen was jealous when he realized Hydrogen (el.) wasn't a polar covalent bond and could be shared equally

Front 12

Law of Conversation of Matter

Back 12

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction

Hint 12

1. Wood doesn't disappear when burned, it just turns into its original elements

2. I thought I truly destroyed that journal, but thanks to the Law of Conversation of Matter I know the atoms of it will live on forever

Front 13

Activation Energy

Back 13

An alternate source of energy used to start a chemical reaction, as opposed to normal conditions.

Hint 13

1. Electricity being used to break water molecules

2. The darn chemical reaction refused to start until I used a Bunson burner to supply some Activation Energy

Front 14

Hydrogen Bond

Back 14

A weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom in a different (or the same) molecule.

Hint 14

1. A slightly positive hydrogen and a slightly weak nitrogen in a amino acid

2. The two molecules were held together by a hydrogen bond with nitrogen.

Front 15

pH Scale

Back 15

The amount of H+ and OH- in a mixture containing water. Used to check the amount of acidity and basicness

Hint 15

1. Something that might be used to check acidity or basicness of milk

2. The doctor used a pH scale to check the amount of OH- in my blood

Front 16

Acid

Back 16

A mixture of water containing more H+ than OH-

Hint 16

1. Rainwater, tomatoes

2. I always wondered why my tomato tasted so acidic but then I figured out it was because it ha more H+ ions.

Front 17

Base

Back 17

A mixture of water containing more OH- than H+

Hint 17

1. Bleach, seawater

2. No wonder I cant drink bleach, with all those OH- ions, its unbelievably basic

Front 18

Organic Compounds

Back 18

A compound where carbon atoms are combined with hydrogen and usually oxygen

Hint 18

1. Glucose, Amino Acids

2. Who knew I had so much carbon making up the organic compounds in my body

Front 19

Macromolecules

Back 19

Large complex molecules

Hint 19

1. Glucose, Glycerol

2. The macromolecules in my body are so much bigger and complicated than water.

Front 20

Carbohydrates

Back 20

A macromolecule class that has hydrogen and oxygen in a 2 to 1 ratio

Hint 20

1. Maltose, Glucose

2. Who knew that carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen could give me all these carbohydrates

Front 21

Lipids

Back 21

Macromolecules whose goals are to store energy and carbon and to build structural parts of cell membranes

Hint 21

1. Cholestoral , Saturated Fatty Acids

2. Who knew it was all the hydrogen in lipids that was making me fat

Front 22

Proteins

Back 22

Macromolecules who build structures in cells, serve as messengers and receptors, defend against disease, make up skin, hair and muscles, and help facilitate chemical reactions

Hint 22

1. Muscle

2. Not only do proteins make me strong, they help me beat disease

Front 23

Nucleic Acids

Back 23

Macromolecules that control the amino acid sequence for proteins, and thus basic life processes

Hint 23

1. DNA

2. Since the nucleic acids determine my protein's functions, they are controlling me, AAAAAHHHHH

Front 24

Monosaccharides

Back 24

Single sugars with 3-7 carbon atoms in their carbon skeleton

Hint 24

1. Glucose

2. People with diabetes have trouble with their monosaccharide intake

Front 25

Fatty Acids + Glycerol

Back 25

The ingredients of triglyzericde (simple fat), that control the properties of the fat.

Hint 25

1. Triglyceride, that chub on my stomach

2. Sometimes I wish I had a ray that could zap all the fatty acids and glycerol that are storing the fat I don't need

Front 26

Amino Acids

Back 26

Small molecules containing C,H,O,N and sometimes S atoms and that make up proteins

Hint 26

1. A thing made of Carbon an acid group, a hydrogen molecule, a variable group, and an amino group

2. My amino acids are what make up my protein, and make me strong, maybe I should work them out

Front 27

Nucleotides

Back 27

The particles that make up nucleic acids

Hint 27

1. RNA, DNA

2. The nucleotides are the key to what makes my nucleic acids and thus my body work

Front 28

Disaccharide

Back 28

A double sugar formed of two monosaccarides

Hint 28

1. Sucrose, lactose

2. I always thought two is better than one, and I definitely think so now after knowing lactose is a disaccharide

Front 29

Polysaccharide

Back 29

Many glucose molecules combined to make complex carbohydrates

Hint 29

1. Starch, glycogen

2. I can't even imagine how many molecules of glucose it takes to make one polysaccharide

Front 30

Polypeptide

Back 30

A chain of Peptide bonds anywhere from 50 to 3,000 that make proteins

Hint 30

1. A chain of 612 peptide bonds

2. I wonder how long the polypeptide chains stretch inside of me?

Front 31

Peptide Bond

Back 31

When an acid group from one amico acid and a amino group from another bond.

Hint 31

1. Two amino acids combining

2. The amino acid was happy to form a peptide bond with its amino group.

Front 32

DNA

Back 32

Nucledic acids with deoxyribose instead of ribose

Hint 32

1. Something that passes genes from parent to child

2. Its thanks to deoxyribose that my DNA can preform its functions

Front 33

Gene

Back 33

Genetic information stored in DNA passed from parent to child

Hint 33

1. A child getting a hairy chest from his grandfather

2. My blue eyes come from my Dad's genes