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66 Cards in this Set
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Gram possitive cocci in grape like cluster Non-motile Able to grow in 7.5-10%NaCl Resistant to 0.2-0.4units of Bacitracin Catalase Test(+)test differentiate Staphylococci and Micrococcus from Streplococci |
Staphylococci |
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Growth on Leoffer serum Slant LSS Golden yellow |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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LSS, lemon yellow |
Staphylococcus cintreus |
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LSS , white |
Staphylococcus albus |
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Initiates skin infection |
Lipase |
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Spreading faxtor, it enhance the invasion into the tissues |
Hyaluronidase |
Virulence factors |
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Make the S. aureus resistant to penicillin |
Beta lactamase/ penicillinase |
Virulence factors |
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Promotes fibrinolysis (dissolution of clot) |
Staphyiokinase |
Virulence factors |
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It causes the bacterial cells to agglutinate in the plasma; it also converts fibrenogrn to fibrin |
Coagulase |
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Responsible for the B-hemolytic property of S. aureus |
Beta-hemolysin |
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Prevent phagocytosis |
Protein A |
Virulence factors of enzymes |
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Food poisoning |
Enterotoxin A and B |
Virulence factors of toxins |
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Causes the toxic Shock Syndrome |
Enterotoxin F /TSST |
Virulence factors of toxin |
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Epidemolytic toxin that causes desquamation of the ski in Scalded skin Syndrome aka Ritter disease |
Extoliation |
Virulence factors of enzymes |
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for the detection of clumping factors aka Bound Coagulase
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A1 Slide coagulase (Coagulase test) |
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Readily conver firbrinogen to fibrin which produces a clot |
Clumping factors |
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If the test is (-), perform the tube coagulase citrated plasma can cause false (+)in this test |
Positive result S.aureus, S.lugdunensis and S.schleiferi |
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To detect the free Coagulase Bacteria+ rabbit plasma incubate at 37degree celcuis 4 hours. Negative total temperature 20 hours |
A2 Tube Coagulase (Coagulase test) |
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Mannitol salt agar MSA It contains Mannitol and 7.5% NaCl as an inhibitor , phenol red Mannitol (+)yellow/pink |
Mannitol fermentation Test(+) |
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Detect deoxyribonuclease |
DNase Test(+) |
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DNase agar the dye should be incorporated first before inoculating the organism |
Dye methods |
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Inoculate the organism in a plain DNase agar and incubate and add HCI Positive S.aureus, Moraxella, Serratia |
HCI precipitation Method |
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Gamma-hemolytic S more than 16mm Normal skin flora Causes UTI, stich abscess Prosthetic heart Valve infection Known to its ability for slime production or biofilm formation |
Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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Gamma- hemolytic R-less than 16 mm Most common cause of UTIin sexual active young female Lipoteichoic acid a surface associated proteins that adheres urothelial cells Hemolysin a hemagglutinin that binds to fibronectin |
Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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Differential susceptibility test for CONS |
Novobiocin Susceptibility |
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Emerging pathogens for the immunocompromised patient it can cause endocarditis and bacteremia Weak Catalase(+) 5%NaCl(-)Capsule (+) |
Stomatococcus mucilangginosus now Rothia |
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Coagulase (-), VP(-), PYR (+), rare cause of huamn infection |
Staphylococcus intermedius |
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Slide Coagulase (+), Mannitol(+), Narrow B-hemolytic PYR(+) Cause endocarditis and bacteremia |
Staphylococcus lugdunensis |
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Micrococci |
Micrococci luteus |
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Gram(+) Cocci in tetrads; strict aerobe (an Oxidizer) - on BAP gamma hemolytic - modified OXIDASE test |
Micrococci luteus |
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Presumptive test intended to identify Micrococci Used tetramethyl p-phyenylenediamen dihtdrochloride in DMSO dimethylsulfoxide (+) |
Modified OXIDASE test |
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Gram (+) cocci in chain spherioal to avoid - non Motile Capnophilic 15-10% CO2 Meduim of choice 5%sheep blood agar - selective Medium Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol PEA |
Streptococci |
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Based on the hemolytic pattern of the organism |
Smith and Brown Classification |
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Smith and Brown classification |
-Alpha hemolytic streptococci - Bete hemolytic Streptococci - gamma hemolytic Streptococci |
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Incomplete partial hemolysis on BAP causing the greening of the agar |
Alpha hemolytic Streptococci |
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Alpha hemolytic Streptococci |
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viridans Streptococci Streptococcus mitis Streptococcus mutans |
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Complete hemolysis showing clear zones around the colony |
Beta hemolytic Streptococci |
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Beta hemolytic Streptococci |
Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus agalactiae |
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Unable to cause hemolysis on BAP i.e E. faecalis E. feacium S. bovis alpha prime |
Gamma hemolytic Streptococci |
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Based on the physiologic needs of the organism |
Academic or Bergeys |
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Academic or Bergeys Classification |
Pyogenic (-) Viridans (+) Enterococcus(+) Lactic group(+) |
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Based on the extraction of C carbohydrates from Streptococcal cell wall |
Lancefield Classification |
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All Streptococci except |
Viridans S. pneumoniae are place under lancefield |
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Pharyngitis/ strep throats Erypelas Scarlet fever necrotizing fasciitisPost sequelae
Post sequelae Post sequelae |
causes (Streptococcus pyogenes)Group A |
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A form of pharyngitis with rashes Strowberry tongue- manifestation of scarlet fever |
Scarlet fever |
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The enzyme L- pyrrolidonyl arylamidase hydrolyzed the L- pyrrolidonyl B- naphthylamide substrates produce a B- naphthylamine Red color (+) Orange or no color (-) |
Pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase test |
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Diagnostic test for Scarlet fever |
-Dicks test -Schultz-charlton test/Blanche phenomenon |
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Susceptibility test for Scarlet fever to determine if the person is at risk of developing the infection (+): redness at the site of infectio |
Dicks test |
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Test to determine if the rashes is caused by scarlet fever or not - injecting anti-erythrogenic (+) Fading gradual disappearance of rashes |
Schultz-Dharlton test /Blanche phenomenon |
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Normal flora of the GIT, pharynx and vaginal tract Media : Blood agar |
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B) |
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Causes of streptococcus agalactiae |
Septicemia NEONATAL MENINGITIDIS in adult POSTPARTUM ENDOMETRIOSIS/ fever |
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These are animal pathogens may cause severe pharyngitis followed by bacteremia may also cause pneumoniae cellulites and abscess |
Group C Streplococci |
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S. Bovis and S.equines, 6.5%NaCl PYR test(-)bile ensulin(+) Causes UTI endocarditis and Septicemia it's isolation on the blood may be indecative of colon cancer |
GroupD Streplococci non Enterococcus S.bovis group |
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Normal GUT, GIT, and RT flora ,common UTI Bile ensulin and PYR test positive Most common Enterococcus isolated from human infection E.faecalis |
Enterococcus ( E.faecalus E.faecium E.durans E.avium) |
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Presumptive indentificatiin of Enterococci and non Enterococci Used 40%bile Bile Ensuline Media Positive result; blackening |
Bile Ensuline test |
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Non Lancefield group |
Streptococcus pneumoniae / Diplococcus pneumoniae / pneumococci |
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For the identification of pneumococci(+) result if on broth - clearing of media |
Bile solubility test |
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Test that will differentiation pneumoniae from other alpha hemolytic Streptococci used TAXO P |
Susceptible to Optochin more than 14 mm zone |
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Skin test for pneumonia |
Francis test |
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Not classified under lancefield Optochin Resistant Bile insoluble |
Viridans Streptococci |
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species (Viridans Streptococci) |
Streptococcus mitis Streptococcus salivarus Streptococcus sanguis Sreptococcus mutans |
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Hemolytic pattern |
-Alpha (Viridans and S.pneumoniae -Beta ( group A,B,C, and some group D lancefield -Gamma mostly GroupD |
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Known to cause liver, spleen and brain abscesses Caramel/ butter scotch odor |
Milleri Streptococci |
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Species ( Milleri Streptococci complex |
S. constellatus S. intermedius S. anginosus |
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Aka thiol-requiring Streptococci/ Pyridoxal Streptococci/ Satelliting streptococci |
Nutritionally variant Streptococci |
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Thank youuu |
Bastigue via |
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