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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A(n) ___________ is an organization or individuals sharing common goals that tries to influence governmental decisions. |
interest group |
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The National Rifle Association (NRA), the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), and the National Education Association (NEA) are all examples of groups that are |
active on both the state and national levels |
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What is the primary difference between a membership organization and a nonmembership organization? |
broad-based citizen support |
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Peak business associations are interest groups that represent |
statewide business interests |
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A ______________ state means a person cannot be denied employment because they are a member or are not a member of a labor union. |
right-to-work |
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Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), the AARP, and MoveOn.org are all examples of what interest group type? |
public interest |
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Attempts to discuss topics of interest with a member of the legislature in an ambush-style meeting in the public hallways outside a legislative chamber is the original form of what's still known as |
lobbying |
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Which of the following is one of the five types of lobbyist? |
All these answers are correct. |
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Trying to influence the outcome of elections is known as |
electioneering |
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The process of electioneering begins with |
candidate recruitment |
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Which PAC spent the most money in the 2010 election cycle in TX? |
ideological/single issue |
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The goal of ________ is to create a favorable public image for the group. |
public relations activities |
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Inviting public officials to address organizational meetings is one technique to raise |
a group's image in the eyes of these officials |
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According to Chapter 305 of the current Government Code, an individual "who crosses either a compensation or expenditure threshold" while engaged in lobbying efforts |
must register as a lobbyist with the Texas Ethics Commission |
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The state agency in TX responsible for enforcing requirements for interest groups and candidates to report the money they collect and spend is the: |
TEC |
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The situation of individuals receiving the benefits of collective action without contributing is known as |
the "free-rider problem" |
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Having a large number of interest groups representing a particular interest |
indicates that many people have similar concerns, thus raising the group's status. |
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As an interest group, what is the Texas Municipal League's strength? |
organization |
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Commercial shrimp fishermen are more than likely limited in influence because of lack of |
geographic distribution. |
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The Coalition of Health Insurance Choice (CHIC) mobilized opposition to |
President Clinton's health care proposal |
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When the economy of a state grows more diverse, |
no single industry or group can dominate |
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Which of the following can help offset the power of interest groups? |
All these answers are correct |
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All of the following contribute to legislative professionalism EXCEPT |
limited sessions |
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The process in which policy is created through the combined efforts of interest groups, the state agency, and the legislative committee is called |
the "Iron Triangle" |
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Interest groups _________ play an important role in TX politics. |
do |
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TX gets about __________ of its budget from federal funds. |
38 % |
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The principle whereby denial of services from those who did not pay for them is known as |
exclusion. |
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What is the primary source of revenue for state governments? |
taxes on citizens |
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Which of the following is the measure of the wealth of a state or its ability to raise revenues relative to all other states? |
tax capacity |
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In a comparison of the 15 most populous states, where did Texas rank in the amount of revenue raised per $1,000 of personal income? |
lowest |
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Which of the following is a consumer tax? |
All these answers are correct |
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Which of the following categories of taxes contributed the least to the Texas treasury in 2011-2012? |
insurance occupation |
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Which of the following categories of taxes contributed the most to the Texas treasury in 2011-2012? |
sales |
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The state revenue per $1,000 of personal income in Texas is: |
$43.74 |
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Texas receives most of its tax revenue from: |
sales tax |
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A sales tax, especially when food and medicine are subject to the tax, can be described as what type of tax? |
regressive |
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________ refers to the items that are subject to taxation. |
The tax base |
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Tax shifting could result in any of the following EXCEPT |
higher profits to owners. |
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Which of the following taxes CANNOT be shifted? |
personal income tax |
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What are the two primary sources of revenue for local government in Texas? |
local sales tax and property tax |
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Local governments collect and pay for ________ the cost of government in Texas. |
more than half |
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Which level of government is most heavily dependent on service charges and fees to finance their services? |
city |
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The Texas state lottery generates about _________ of all state revenue. |
3 % |
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In Texas, the proceeds from the state lottery go to |
education. |
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How are school districts funding their increased share of the cost of local education? |
higher local property tax |
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Health and human services accounts for about 32 percent of the state budget and is funded primarily with |
federal grants |
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Texas is near the _________ in expenditures for health and human services. |
bottom |
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What is meant by income-elastic taxes? |
taxes that change quickly relative to economic conditions |
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Which of the following states, like Texas and Washington, is highly dependent on consumer taxes? |
Florida |
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How many states do not have any form of personal income tax? |
7 |