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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Parallel Structure Errors
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1. Items in a list must have parallel forms
2. Two-part constructions set up parallel elements. "from A to B" and "just as A, so B" 3. Two-part constructions are tested idiomatically. "not only" must be followed by "but also," not just by "but." |
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Agreement between Subject and Verb
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LOOK OUT FOR
Long modifying phrases or clauses following the subject. Phrases and clauses between the subject and verb, Sentences in which the verb precedes the subject. Collective mouns, such as majority, system, audience, and committee. Singular subjects followed by a prepositional phrase that contains a plural noun. (e.g. a group of students) |
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Keep Modifier as Close as Possible to the Word or Clause That it Modifies.
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A modifier describes another part of the sentence.
Place it as close as possible to whatever it is modifying. Common GMAT modification error is a long modifier at the beginning of a sentence. It should modify the subject of the sentence but will likely not do so properly. LOOK OUT FOR Sentences beginning with descriptive phrases. That/which clauses, especially ones that come at the end of sentences. |
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Active Voice vs. Inactive Voice
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"Active Voice" has the subject doing the action and is preferred
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Sentence Correction
Another vs Other |
Another properly refers to an unspecified other thing.
Other refers to a specific thing in a choice among two things. |
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In spite of
As a result of |
GMAT prefers shorter and concise wording.
In spite of = Although As a result of = because |
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Whether vs If
Being |
GMAT almost always prefers whether to if
GMAT always dislikes being |
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Pronoun Agreement
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- it, its, they, their, them, which, and that
- a pronoun must agree with its antecedent and refer to only one antecedent - pronouns such as "it" and "they" are often misused on the GMAT - look out for pronoun that don't refer to a specific noun - look out for pronouns that don't agree in number with their antecedents |
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Verb Tense must Reflect the Sequence of Events
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- be mindful of inappropriate use of "ing" (I was going, I am going I had been going)
- as far as the GMAT is concerned the only time to use "ing" is to emphasize that an action is continuing or that two actions are occurring at the same time. |
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Keep Similar Elements in a Sentence Parallel to Each Other
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Similar items and a sentence - such as items in a list or verbs in a series - must be in similar form
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Compare Like Things Only
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- you cannot compare things that aren't the same ie, apples to oranges, bears to zoos, people to feelings or time to a place. things like that
LOOK OUT FOR THE FOLLOWING - key comparison words such as "like" "as" "compared to" "less than" "more than" "other than of" "those of" -long modifying phrases between compared elements. DON'T BE DISTRACTED! Ignore that modifying phrase at first so you can see the compared elements clearly |
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IDIOMS
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- prepositions (to, from, at, over) in the underlined portion of the sentence.
- verbs whose idiomatic usage you have seen frequently tested. Common examples are "prefer" "require" "regard" |
