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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What two types of software are “married” together in GIS? Why is this important?
database and CAD; It's important because the constraints that one program might have can be mitigated by the other.
What is the basic definition for GIS?
A system of hardware, software, data, people, organizations and institutional arrangements for collecting, storing, analyzing and disseminating information about areas of the earth.
What are the four ways that GIS is used as a tool?
1. Measurement
Aspects (length, color, sales, location)
2. Represent
Database information of themes, entities and relations
3. Operate
Work done on the database to enhance understanding
4. Transform
Change the data in a way that it can be compared to other types for analyses
List and discuss the basic components of GIS.
1. Space
2. Time
3. Attributes
Describe the following levels of measurement: absolute, count, interval, nominal, ordinal and ratio.
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio
5. Counts
6. Absolute
What are the cyclic elements in the temporal reference system?
-Cyclic (Repeating) Elements
1. Leap Days/Seconds
To account for the gentle slowing of the Earth’s revolution around the sun.
2. Seasons (and their environmental controls)
3. Temporal measurements can be interval, or ordinal (ordering without reference to an origin)
What is the geographic matrix? Give a simple example. What is taken for granted (assumption)?
-A geographic matrix asserts that objects have attributes.
-EXAMPLE
-The identity of the object is taken for granted.
How do we measure in GIS using time, space and attribute? What is the “role of control”?
We have three basic components of GIS: space, time, or attribute must be fixed. A second component must be constrained to act as a control so that we can measure the third component.

The role of control is inescapable as part of obtaining measurements.

Control implies an element of discrete divisions in one component so that we can measure another.
Describe the spatial object and isoline approaches to the isolated object framework.
1. Spatial Object
- The only relationship is between the object and its position
EXAMPLE
2. Isoline framework
Extension of the spatial object approach to handle a classified version of a continuous attribute.
EXAMPLE
Describe the network and categorical coverage approaches to the connected coverage framework.
See slides 54-59
Completely describe the point-based control as a form of spatial control.
on paper