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300 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Before the discovery of S. Africa's diamond deposits, the world's 2 major producers were India and A. Brazil B. Russia C. Australia D. Venezula |
A. Brazil |
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Diamond source started appearing in S. Africa during the A. 1740s B. 1820s C. 1860s D. 1910s |
C. 1860s |
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The Central Selling Organization was a A. diamond mining company B. major diamond manufacturer C. rough diamond distribution agency D. diamond industry public relations service |
C. rough diamond distrubition agency |
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The S. African diamond rush was sparked A. the arrival of Cecil Rhodes B. political changes in Great Britain C. reduced supply of Indian diamonds D. the discovery of the Star of S. Africa |
D. the discovery of the Star of S. Africa
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The soft, diamond-bearing material near the surface of a diamond field was named A. blueground B. easyground C. yellowground D. shallowground |
C. yellowground |
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Cecil Rhodes' main competitor in his early attempts to control diamond production was A. Barney Barnato B. Ernest Oppenheimer C. the Trading Company D. an independent diggers' assocation |
A. Barney Barnato |
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Who established De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. in 1888? A. Cecil Rhodes B. Barney Barnato C. Harry Oppenheimer D. A Dutch farmer named De Beers |
A. Cecil Rhodes |
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De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd was named after A. the president of S. Africa B. the man who founded the Eureka Diamond C. the district where the Star of S. Africa was found D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place |
D. the owners of a farm where one of the first diamond rushes took place |
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The group that united in 1890 to buy and sell all of the output of the major diamond producers, including De Beers, was the A. French Company B. Dutch East India Company C. Diamond Trading Company D. London Diamond Syndicate |
D. London Diamond Syndicate |
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Oppenheimer's answer to low diamond demand in the 1930s was to A. advertise heavily B. reduce diamond prices C. shut down operations at De Beers mines D. stop buying diamonds from outside sources |
C. shut down operations at De Beers mines |
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The Diamond Information Center and the Diamond Promotion Service was created to A. assist in diamond marketing efforts B. raise funds for diamond exploration C. lobby for increased diamond mining D. train diamond cutters and manufacturers |
A. assist in diamond marketing efforts |
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The path diamonds followed from mine to consumer was called the A. retail route B. sight system C. diamond track D. diamond pipeline |
D. diamond pipeline |
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Sightholders purchase diamond rough by
A. going directly to the mines B. attending invitation-only trading events C. selecting from lists sent out by De Beers D. contacting other sightholders in their area. |
B. attending invitation-only trading events |
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De Beers requires its sightholders to have an excellent reputation in the industry and A. a history of advertising extensively B. the ability to cut various types of rough C. ownership of a large chain of retail stores D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments |
D. the financial strength to make large purchase commitments |
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In the diamond trade, the word 'specials' refers to A. annual diamond sales events B. parcels of 5-ct to 8-ct rough C. diamond rough over 10.80cts D. discounted selections of rough diamonds |
C. diamond rough over 10.80ct |
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Diamond grading system provides A. exact diamond market value to a buyer B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality C. assurance to customers that they're getting the best prices D. diamond description that can change from country to country |
B. a consistent way to communicate diamond quality |
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A wholesaler is someone who A. sells to retailers B. repairs diamond jewelry C. grows synthetic diamonds D. sells directly to customers |
A. sells to retailers |
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Diamond prices on wholesale price lists A. are not negotiable B. reflect a worldwide consensus C. are available free on the Internet D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published |
D. depend on the market conditions that exist when the lists are published |
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Large high-quality diamonds are A. sorted rather than graded B. usually graded in their mountings C. graded with a quick look under the loupe D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones |
D. graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones |
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Diamond's supreme hardness and durability are A. due to diamond's rarity B. a result of the conditions under which it formed C. surpassed by laboratory-grown diamond substitutes D. a result of millions of years of battering by the forces of nature |
B. a result of the conditions under which it formed |
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Once diamond deposits are located, mining companies A. begin extracting the diamonds B. recover the cost of exploration within the first year C. are exempt from taxes and environmental regulations D. must spend additional time and money to evaluate and develop them |
D. must spend additional time and money to evaluate and develop them |
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An estimation of the value of an article is a(n) A. grade B. appraisal C. price guide D. insurance policy |
B. appraisal |
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The most consistent and dependable sources of diamond grades are A. appraisers B. wholesalers C. mining experts D. reputable gemological laboratories |
D. reputable gemological laboratories |
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Substanital price discounts are available to retailers and jewelry manufacturers who A. travel to diamond mines B. can buy in large quantities C. buy small quantities every month D. always buy from the same suppliers |
B. can buy in large quantities |
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A diamond's clarity and color grades indicate its A. quality B. popularity C. retail price D. wholesale price |
A. quality |
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Reputable gemological laboratories don't grade mounted diamonds because A. it takes too much time B. their insurance policies don't permit it C. mountings hide details of clarity and cut D. the design of the mountings might influence their decision |
C. mountings hide details of clarity and cut |
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Dealers often sort melee by size using A. scales B. sieves C. templates D. millimeter gauges |
B. sieves |
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The diamond industry has changed dramatically in recent years because
B. the world's supply of diamond rough has increased C. the world's supply of diamond rough has significantly decreased D. environmental regulations have caused many mines to shut down |
B. the world's supply of diamond rough has increased |
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The Argyle mine in Australia contributed to A. the economic slowdown in Australia B. the rise of the cutting industry in India C. the decline of production in S. Africa D. the rise of the cutting industry in Australia |
B. the rise of the cutting industry in India |
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Wholesale price lists are usually organized according to A. recent auction prices B. traditional jewelry-buying seasons C. specific combinations of the Four C's D. sales at major diamond-trading centers |
C. specific combinations of the Four C's |
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Which diamond mine's huge production influenced the world market in the late 1980s? A. Ekati B. Argyle C. Jwaneng D. Kimberley |
B. Argyle |
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A commitment to reserve a portion of the resources derived from any country for economic developement of that country is called A. integration B. beneficiation C. Best Practices D. the Kimberley Process |
B. beneficiation |
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A city, region, or country with a large number of gemstnes manufacturers is called a A. trade center B. market center C. cutting center D. business center |
C. cutting center |
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One of the changes that resulted from De Beers' strategic review in 1999 was that De Beers A. stopped advertising diamonds B. doubled its advertising budget C. discontinued its sightholder program D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC |
D. changed the name of the CSO to the DTC |
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In 2000, De Beers altered its consumer advertising by A. doubling its advertising budget B. changing its advertising agency C. introducing the "Forevermark" logo D. discouraging dealers from doing their own advertising |
C. introducing the "Forevermark" logo |
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The diamond industry program designed to ensure that diamonds do not fund civil conflict or terrorism is called A. integration B. beneficiation C. Best Practices D. the Kimberley Process |
D. the Kimberely Process |
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Businesses that sell to consumers via television or computer are called A. electronic retailers B. suppliers of choice C. digital diamond dealers D. vertically integrated marketers |
A. electronic retailers |
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De Beers became a privately owned company in
B. June 2003 C. May 2005 D. December 2007 |
A. May 2001 |
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Vast quantities of small inexpensive diamonds suitable for low-cost, mass-market jewelry are mined in A. India B. Russia C. Canada D. Australia |
D. Australia |
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The involvement of a business or industry in all aspects of its product's market is called A. best practices B. blanket marketing C. electronic retailing D. vertical integration |
D. vertical integration |
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By 2004, more than 90% of manufacturing for the diamond market was done in A. India B. Israel C. China D. South Africa |
A. India |
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The program adopted by De Beers in 2007 to answer critics and resolve shortcomings of its SOC program is called A. Beneficiation B. Kimberley Practices C. Supplier of Choice 2 D. Best Practices Principles |
C. Supplier of Choice 2 |
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In South Africa, a new mining charter that designates the people of the country as the owners of its mineral resources is a result of A. apartheid B. beneficiation C. vertical integration D. Black Economic Empowerment |
D. Black Economic Empowerment |
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Because the Australians believed the CSO's marketing favored large stones of smaller ones, they A. abandoned diamond mining B. discarded small, brown diamonds as mine waste C. turned to India for help in marketing their diamonds D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems |
D. aggressively promoted jewelry set with their own tiny gems |
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A bourse is a (n)
B. diamond buying and selling club C. financial arrangement between miners and cutters D. disclosure that a parcel of diamonds has been treated |
B. diamond buying and selling club |
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How far beneath the earth's surface do diamonds form? A. 15 to 30 miles (25 to 50km) B. 30 to 50 miles (50 to 75km) C. 50 to 90 miles (75 to 140km) D. 90 to 140 miles (140 to 220km) |
D. 90 to 140miles (140 to 220km) |
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The deep vertical formations through which diamonds traveled to the surface are called A. drifts B. pipes C. cratons D. alluvials |
B. pipes |
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The first authenticated diamond discovered in S. Africa is named the A. Eureka B. Cullinan C. De Beers D. Star of Africa |
A. Eureka |
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Most of the world's kimberlite pipes A. are located close to large cities B. are being mined for diamonds at the present C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities D. are believed to contain great quantities of diamonds |
C. do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities |
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The correct conditions for diamond formation exist under A. cratons B. volcanic ash C. oceanic crust D. large mountain ranges |
A. cratons |
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Scientists have found that diamond form in two types of rocks, called A. marble and shale B. sandstone and schist C. peridotite and eclogite D. kimberlite and lamproite |
C. peridotite and eclogite |
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The large, stable parts of the earth's continental crust are called A. plates B. islands C. shields D. cratons |
D. cratons |
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Diamond and graphite are both made of A. carbon B. helium C. oxygen D. nitrogen |
A. carbon |
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Diamond is hard and graphite is soft because of the difference in A. their atoms B. their transparency C. their chemical formulas D. the way their atoms fit together |
D. the way their atoms fit together |
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The proper environment for diamond formation includes the right temperature, pressure, and A. molten lava B. indicator minerals C. the availability of carbon D. the presence of trace elements |
C. the availability of carbon |
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Subduction occurs when A. volcanoes erupt B. mountains collide C. tidal waves sweep over landmasses D. two of the earth's crustal plates collide |
D. two of the earth's crustal plates collide |
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Diamonds were delivered to the earth's surface as recently as A. 20 billion years ago B. 20 million years ago C. 1 million years ago D. 10,000 years ago |
B. 20 million years ago |
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The 3 main components of the earth are the crust, mantle, and A. core B. center C. stratosphere D. subduction zone |
A. core |
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Before arriving at the earth's surface, diamonds might remain in the mantle for as long as a few A. days B. hours C. hundred years D. hundred million years |
D. hundred million years |
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During emplacement, if diamonds are exposed to high temperature along with decreased pressure for a long period, they will A. melt B. explode C. vaporize D. convert to graphite |
D. convert to graphite |
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Diamond deposits found at the ocean's shore are A. marine deposits B. primary deposits C. industrial deposits D. shoreline deposits |
A. marine deposits |
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For more than 2,000 years, the only known diamond sources were A. alluvial B. primary C. kimberlite pipes D. ancient volcanic craters |
A. alluvial |
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Diamonds are more concentrated in A. marine deposits B. primary deposits C. volcanic deposits D. mountain deposits |
A. marine deposits |
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Only a small percentage of known diamond deposits are mined because most A. are not profitable B. are too close to populated areas C. are too far from populated areas D. require expensive government permits |
A. are not profitable |
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A mine's potential profitability depends in part on A. its ore grade B. its location on a craton C. having a small, compact pipe D. a good kimberlite-to-lamproite ratio |
A. its ore grade |
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Most of the diamonds mined today come from A. pipes B. beaches C. riverbeds D. the ocean floor |
A. pipes |
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Diamonds classified as cuttable can be 100 times more valuable than A. marine diamonds B. alluvial diamonds C. industrial diamonds D. gem-quality diamonds |
C. industrial diamonds |
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Indicator minerals in kimberlite and lamproite might include tiny A. emeralds B. sapphires C. amethysts D. diamonds |
D. diamonds |
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The first step in exploring for diamonds is to A. collect bulk samples of ore B. search for ancient volcanoes C. look for the oldest parts of the earth's crust D. examine river gravels for indicator minerals |
C. look for the oldest parts of the earth's crust |
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Gravity sorting separates diamonds from A. river gravels B. lighter materials C. heavier materials D. indicator minerals |
B. lighter materials |
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Diamond rough suitable for use in tools, drills, and abasives is A. cuttable quality B. industrial quality C. primarily from marine deposits D. a byproduct of the exploration process |
B. industrial quality |
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To focus their search for diamond deposits, geologists look for A. river gravels B. trace elements C. indicator minerals D. small grains of graphite |
C. indicator minerals |
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Diamond rough suitable for use in jewelry is called A. cuttable B. Grade A C. top-quality D. jewelry-quality |
A. cuttable |
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A profitable mine A. is close to a source of water B. has a high percentage of microdiamonds C. meets governmental and environmental regulations D. produces diamonds whose value is higher than the mine's operating costs |
D. produces diamonds whose value is higher than the mine's operating costs |
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The concentration of diamonds within a pipe is called A. drift B. ore grade C. overburden D. rough grade |
B. ore grade |
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Shortly before the discovery of the S. African deposits, the world's major diamond producer was A. India B. Brazil C. Russia D. Canada |
B. Brazil |
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Most diamonds from Australia are A. large, but of poor color B. large and near-colorless C. small, and poor in quality D. small, but of good quality |
C. small, and poor in quality |
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Russia's significant diamond deposits are in A. Siberia B. Belorussia C. the Crimea D. the Kaliningrad Oblast |
A. Siberia |
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African diamonds are recovered from
A. pipe deposits only B. alluvial deposits only C. marine deposits only D. pipe, alluvial, and marine deposits |
D. pipe, alluvial, and marine deposits |
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The largest percentage of world diamond production (by weight) is mined in A. Brazil B. Angola C. Australia D. Indonesia |
C. Australia |
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Chambering and block caving are methods used in A. mining diamond pipes B. mining alluvial deposits C. testing the productivity of diamond pipes D. testing the productivity of alluvial deposits |
A. mining diamond pipes |
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Diamond's attraction to grease is used in A. separating diamond from ore gravels B. fashioning diamond into fancy shapes C. separating gem-quality from industrial diamond D. sorting and grading operations at the Diamond Trading Company |
A. separating diamond from ore gravels |
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Most modern diamond-mining operations are A. done with simple hand tools B. small in scale and not very expensive C. large in scale and extremely expensive D. performed in temperature-controlled environments |
C. large in scale and extremely expensive |
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A horitzontal tunnel drilled through a diamond pipe is called a A. path B. drift C. shaft D. channel |
B. drift |
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Dirt and clay are washed from diamond-bearing ore by A. cleaners B. agitators C. scrubbers D. grease belts |
C. scrubbers |
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Removal of mineral-bearing ore from a suface excavation is called A. drift-mining B. open-pit mining C. open-air mining D. original-source mining |
B. open-pit mining |
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Dense media separation is based on the fact that A. diamonds stick to grease B. most diamonds fluoresce when X-rayed C. diamonds float to the top of a mix of gravels D. diamonds sink to the bottom of a mix of gravel |
D. diamonds sink to the bottom of a mix of gravel |
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The Argyle mine is famous for diamonds that are A. pink B. blue C. large D. colorless |
A. pink |
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The shift in emphasis from alluvail to primary diamond mining was due to A. improved technology B. environmental concerns C. depletion of secondary sources D. political and governmental purposes |
A. improved technology |
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Russia's diamond sources are almost all A. alluvial B. primary C. depleted D. secondary |
B. primary |
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Squares or rectangles, trigons, and parallel grooves are types of A. macles B. graining C. twin crystals D. growth marks |
D. growth marks |
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The crystal planes most suitable fo cleaving a diamond are the A. cubic planes B. octahedral planes C. dodecahedral planes D. trisoctahedral planes |
B. octahedral planes |
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Which is the softest crystal direction in diamond? A. Cubic B. Octahedral C. Hexahedral D. Dodecahedral |
D. Dodecahedral |
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Crystal shape is an important factor in the evaluation of rough because A. it influences the clarity grade B. it often affects color and clarity C. some crystal shapes are much softer than others D. it affects the amount of weight retained after cutting |
D. it affects the amount of weight retained after cutting |
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The diamond term glassie refers to A. an aggregate mass B. a well-formed octahedral crystal C. a noticeably rounded hexoctahedron D. a macle with an abundance of trigons |
B. a well-formed octahedral crystal |
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A naturally occurring, inorganic substance with a characteristic chemical composition and usually a characteristic crystal structure is known as a
A. rock B. crystal C. variety D. mineral |
D. mineral |
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The habit of gem-quality diamond is the A. cube B. octahedron C. dodecahedron D. hexoctahedron |
B. octahedron
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Another name for the cubic crystal system is A. isotropic B. isometric C. anisotropic D. isomorphous |
B. isometric |
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In diamonds, cleavage is caused by A. variations in density B. irregular atomic structure C. octahedron with points that are easily broken D. relatively wide spaces between some atomic planes |
D. relatively wide spaces between some atomic planes |
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A flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal is called a A. macle B. cleavage C. splittable D. tetrahedron |
A. macle |
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The strongest of all atomic bonds are called A. shells B. covalent C. magnetic D. electrons |
B. covalent |
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Solid matter with atoms arranged in a regular, repeating pattern is called a(n) A. rock B. crystal C. variety D. element |
B. crystal |
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The smallest group of atoms with a characteristic chemical composition and the basic crystal structure of a mineral is called a(n) A. atom B. unit cell C. tetrahedron D. building block |
B. unit cell |
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What is the specific gravity of gem-quality diamond? A. 2.00 B. 2.17 C. 3.52 D. 4.01 |
C. 3.52 |
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Atoms in a gem that aren't part of its essential chemical composition are called
A. trace elements B. foreign elements C. distortion impurities D. irregularity elements |
A. trace elements |
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The relative size, arrangement, and contrast of bright and dark areas that result from a diamond's internal and external reflections is called A. pattern B. sparkle C. refraction D. transmission |
A. pattern |
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The flashes of color you see in a polished diamond are called A. fire B. brilliance C. dispersion D. scintillation |
A. fire |
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Variations in lighting and surroundings can affect a diamond's A. RI B. SG C. luster D. appearance |
D. appearance |
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Visible light is A. also called brilliance B. the result of dispersion C. a form of radiant energy D. a type of ultraviolet radiation |
C. form of radiant energy |
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White light is actually A. shortwave radiation B. the result of dispersion C. result of transmission D. a combination of all the spectral colors |
D. a combination of all the spectral colors |
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The passage of light into or through a material is called A. reflection B. dispersion C. absorption D. transmission |
D. transmission |
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The higher the optical density of a materal, the A. less it bends light B. less it reflects light C. more it speeds light up D. more it slows light down |
D. more it slows light down |
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The change in speed and possible change in direction of light as it travels from one material to another is called A. reflection B. refraction C. dispersion D. scintillation |
B. refraction |
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In order to exit a diamond, light must strike an inner surface
A. at a facet junction B. inside the critical angle C. outside the critical angle D. nearly parallel to the surface |
B. inside the critical angle |
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The flashes of light and the contrasting dark areas you see when the diamond, the light, or the observer moves are called A. extinction B. dispersion C. scintillation D. transmission |
C. scintillation |
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The appearance of a material's surface in reflected light is called A. luster B. reflectance C. polish quotient D. incident light return |
A. luster |
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Grease on the pavilion of a diamond results in A. more fire B. greater brilliance C. a smaller critical angle D. more light leakage through the pavilion |
D. more light breakage though the pavilion |
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The difference between the RI values of specific violet and red wavelengths of visible light for a given material is its A. fire B. dispersion C. critical angle D. transmission value |
B. dispersion |
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The angle of incidence always equals the A. RI B. angle of reflection C. dispersion of diamond D. critical angle of diamond |
B. angle of reflection |
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The combined effect of all diamond's surface and internal white light reflections is its A. brightness B. reflectivity C. scintillation D. transmission |
A. brightness |
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The size of a finished gem depends greatly upon the rough diamond's A. color B. shape C. country of origin D. optical properties |
B. shape |
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A notch scratched into diamond rough to prepare it for cleaving is called a A. tang B. kerf C. scaife D. cleavage |
B. kerf |
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The number of facets on a single-cut diamond is A. 7 or 8 B. 17 or 18 C. 19 or 20 D. 57 or 58 |
B. 17 or 18 |
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An early brilliant that has a circular girdle outline is called A. a table cut B. a point cut C. an old-mine cut D. an old-European cut |
D. an old-European cut |
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The devices that grip and hold a diamond for polishing are known as the A. dop and tang B. tang and stay C. lap and wheel D. kerf and sharp |
A. dop and tang |
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The cutting style with a flat bottom and a variable number of facets that come to a peak at the top is the
A. rose cut B. table cut C. point cut D. single cut |
A. rose cut |
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The person who decides where to mark diamond rough for fashioning is called the A. bruter B. planner C. blocker D. brillianteer |
B. planner |
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The directional properties and structural features of a diamond crystal do not really matter in A. cleaving B. laser sawing C. conventional sawing D. automated polishing |
B. laser sawing |
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The rotary saw contributed to the diamond-cutting industry by A. preventing burned facets B. allowing for easier cutting of exotic shapes C. allowing for greater weight retention from rough D. making it easier to cut through knots and crystals |
C. allowing for greater weight retention from rough |
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To help determine crystal directions, diamond cutters look for A. kerfs B. needles C. growth marks D. included crystals |
C. growth marks |
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A diamond cutter's main objective are to produce an attractive finished diamond and A. maximize profits B. cut round brilliants C. cut ideal proportions D. retain as little weight as possible |
A. maximize profits |
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The process of polishing the star and upper and lower girdle facets is called A. kerfing B. lasering C. blocking D. brillianteering |
C. blocking |
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When the rough has a frosty or non-transparent surface, the cutter can look for inclusions by A. X-raying the stone B. laser sawing the stone C. sawing the stone on-center D. polishing a window to view the interior |
D. polishing a window to view the interior |
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The cast-iron disc on which a diamond is polished is called a A. dop B. kerf C. tang D. scaife |
D. scaife |
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In the cutting sequence, the crown and pavilion mains are polished by the A. bruter B. blocker C. finisher D. brillianteer |
B. blocker |
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Trigons are A. drag lines B. color centers C. growth marks D. twinning planes |
C. growth marks |
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Inclusions are easier to see using A. ultraviolet light B. darkfield illumination C. overhead spot lighting D. overhead fluorescent lighting |
B. darkfield illumination |
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An included diamond crystal that extends to the surface of a fashioned diamond is called a A. pit B. chip C. knot D. laser drill-hole |
C. knot |
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A "paper-worn" diamond is one that has A. naturals B. abrasions C. extra facets D. a bearded girdle |
B. abrasions |
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A surface indentation with tiny, root-like feathers penetrating the stone is called a
A. knot B. cavity C. bruise D. natural |
C. bruise |
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Which of the following is classified as an inclusion? A. Nick B. Chip C. Scratch D. Rough girdle |
B. Chip |
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An example of a blemish is a A. chip B. knot C. bruise D. natural |
D. natural |
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A solid mineral body enclosed within a diamond (or other gem) is A. a knot B. a natural C. internal graining D. an included crystal |
D. an included crystal |
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The inclusion called bearding consists of tiny A. knots B. needles C. feathers D. grain lines |
C. feathers |
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A portion of the rough's original surface, or skin, that dips below the polished diamond's surface is called a(n) A. indented natural B. internal graining C. colored grain center D. laser manufacturing remnant |
A. indented natural |
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A term used to describe any break within a diamond is A. chip B. bruise C. feather D. abrasion |
C. feather |
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A clarity characteristic confined to the surface of a polished gemstone is called a(n) A. blemish B. inclusion C. growth mark D. surface feature |
A. blemish |
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A loupe used for clarity grading must be corrected for chromatic and
A. size distortion B. vertical distortion C. spherical distortion D. depth-of-field distortion
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C. spherical distortion |
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With darkfield illumination, light is directed into the stone from A. below B. above C. the side D. all directions |
A. below |
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Which of the following is not a diamond inclusion? A. cloud B. feather C. gas bubble D. included crystal |
C. gas bubble |
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The more an inclusion differs in color from its host diamond
A. the less obvious it is B. the more obvious it is C. the more valuable the diamond is D. the higher the diamond's clarity grade |
B. the more obvious it is |
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A feather that reaches a bezel surface as well as the surface of the pavilion main directly under that bezel
A. does not need to be plotted B. should be plotted only on the crown diagram C. should be plotted only on the pavilion diagram D. should be plotted on both the crown and pavilion diagrams. |
D. should be plotted on both the crown and pavilion diagram |
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Blemishes don't usually affect the clarity grade in diamonds below A. IF B. SI C. VS D. VVS |
A. IF |
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In a stone with these clarity characteristics, which would be the grade-setting characteristic? A. Pit B. Feather C. Scratch D. Extra facet |
B. Feather |
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Which of these would disqualify a stone from being graded IF?
A. Scratch B. Pinpoint C. Abrasions D. Polish Lines |
B. Pinpoint |
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On a plot, drawing characteristic only in green indicates that it's A. a blemish B. part of a pointing C. a surface-reaching inclusion D. an inclusion totally enclosed within the stone |
A. a blemish |
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Diamonds with minute inclusions that range from extremely difficult to very difficult to see under 10X are classified A. IF B. SI1 or SI2 C. VS1 or VS2 D. VVS1 or VVS2 |
D. VVS1 or VVS2 |
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Inclusions or blemishes that establish the clarity grade of a diamond are collectively called A. markers B. highlighters C. indicator characteristics D. grade-setting characteristics |
D. grade-setting characteristics |
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In most cases, the easier it is to see a clarity characteristic, the
A. less durable the stone B. lower the clarity grade C. more durable the stone D. higher the clarity grade |
B. lower the clarity grade |
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The designation SI means A. Slightly Included B. Severely Included C. Several Inclusions D. Somewhat Included |
A. Slightly Included |
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A round brilliant-cut VVS diamond could have
A. a laser-drill hole B. a small feather under the table C. an included crystal under a star facet D. a small pinpoint under a lower half facet |
D. a small pinpoint under a lower half facet |
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VS1 or VS2 stones might have
A. a minor included crystals and feathers B. inclusions that might threaten durability C. minute inclusions and insignificant blemishes D. a few scattered pinpoints and light surface graining |
D. a few scattered pinpoints and light surface graining |
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One factor used to determine the clarity grade of a diamond is an inclusion's A. shape B. texture C. contour D. location |
D. location |
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A stone with a few extra facets on its pavilion that can't be seen face-up should be graded
A. IF B. VS1 C. VVS1 D. Flawless |
D. Flawless |
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Inclusions are usually more visible when they're located A. below the girdle B. one the girdle plane C. under the crown facets D. directly under the table |
D. directly under the table |
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Diamonds that are colorless to light yellow, brown, and gray fall into the A. bodycolor range B. basic color range C. normal color range D. tone and saturation range |
C. normal color range |
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When a gem absorbs some wavelengths of light and transmits others, the process is called A. color selection B. spectral absorption C. selective absorption D. selective transmission |
C. selective absorption |
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A structral defect that influences a gem's absorption of light is called a(n) A. color center B. lattice strain C. impurity center D. absorption center |
A. color center |
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Type I diamonds contain A. boron B. helium C. oxygen D. nitrogen |
D. nitrogen |
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The emission of visible light by a material when it's exposed to ultraviolet radiation is called A. UV light B. atomic glow C. fluorescence D. spectral emission |
C. fluorescence |
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The basic causes of a diamond's color are its crystal structure and A. refractive index B. absorption index C. strength of saturation D. chemical composition |
D. chemical composition |
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The most common colored diamond is A. pink B. green C. brown D. orange |
C. brown |
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The relative lightness or darkness of a color is called its A. hue B. tone C. intensity D. saturation |
B. tone |
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The most common impurity element found in diamond is A. iron B. boron C. carbon D. nitrogen |
D. nitrogen |
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When boron is present in a diamond's crystal structure, it colors the diamond
B. pink C. blue D. green |
C. blue |
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The most commonly observed color of fluorescence in gem diamond is A. blue B. pink C. green D. yellow |
A. blue |
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A noticeable "oily" appearance seen in some diamonds is usually the result of A. very strong fluorescence B. a failed attempt to bleach the color C. a poorly applied colored lacquer coating D. radioactive residues from an artificial coloring process |
A. very strong fluorescence |
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Which of the following diamond colors would be the most valuable, all other factors being equal? A. Red B. Gray C. Brown D. Deep yellow |
A. Red |
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A common method of permanently changing the color of a diamond is
B. irradiating C. laser drilling D. organic dyeing |
B. irradiating |
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Type IIb diamonds contain A. boron B. helium C. sodium D. potassium |
A. boron |
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Colorless diamonds are more valuable than others in the normal color range because they A. do not fade B. are more rare C. have fewer inclusions D. look better in yellow gold mountings |
B. are more rare |
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Trade terms that describe diamond color A. can be misleading B. are accurate for certain stones C. are usually very clearly defined D. are based on the names of famous diamantaires |
A. can be misleading |
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The diamonds used as comparison stones for color grading in the normal color range are
A. D-to-Z sets B. color stones C. masterstones D. color comparators |
C. masterstones |
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The most widely accepted lighting for color-grading diamonds is A. darkfield B. ultraviolet D. balanced, daylight-equivalent fluorescent light |
D. balanced, daylight-equivalent fluorescent light |
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Subtle color differences are usually more visible when seen
B. through the pavilion C. through the bezel facets D. through the crown facets |
B. through the pavilion |
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Which of the following GIA color grades indicates the greatest amount of yellow?
B. F C. G D. H |
D. H |
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A masterstone grades as whole grade represents the A. middle of a color grade's range B. least amount of color possible in that grade's range C. consensus of what the trade believes that color to be D. the greatest amount of color possible in the color range |
B. least amount of color possible in that grade's range |
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The color grade of a diamond that appears darker than the H masterstone but lighter than the I would be A. G B. H C. H-I D. I |
D. I |
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Which of the following makes a diamond unsuitable for a masterstone set? A. SI1 clarity B. Yellowish bodycolor C. Very strong fluorescence D. About 43 percent pavilion depth |
C. Very strong fluorescence |
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When color-grading with masterstones, you should A. compare the unknown only on the left side of the masterstone B. compare the unknown only on the right side of the masterstone C. move the unknown to compare it on both sides of the masterstone D. move the materstone to compare it on both sides of the unknown stone |
C. move the unknown to compare it on both sides of the masterstone |
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A loose brown diamond should be color-graded A. using a 10X loupe B. as a range of colors C. as a top light brown D. against a yellow masterstone set |
D. against a yellow masterstone set |
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If a diamond has a slight tint in the face-down position and appears colorless in the face-up position, its estimated color grade would be A. D, E, or F B. G, H, I, or J C. K, L, or M D. N to Z |
B. G, H, I, or J |
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The basic face-up color of a colored diamond is known as its A. real color B. actual color C. apparent color D. characteristic color |
D. characteristic color |
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Diamonds outside the normal color range are graded A. face-up B. face-down C. through the girdle D. from the pavilion view |
A. face-up |
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The GIA Laboratory uses a Z masterstone to determine fancy A. blues B. pinks C. greens D. yellows |
D. yellows |
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A round brilliant diamond's table size is expressed as A. excellent, good, or fair B. small, medium, or large C. a ratio of its depth to is diameter D. a percentage of its average girdle diameter |
D. a percentage of its average girdle diameter |
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If a diamond's total depth percentage is 51.0 percent, its cut grade will be
A. Superior or Excellent B. Excellent or Very Good C. Very Good or Good D. Fair or Poor |
D. Fair or Poor |
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A transparent measuring device divided into millimeters and tenths of a millimeter, used to measure a diamond's table is called a A. ruler B. table gauge C. micrometer D. tape measure |
B. table gauge |
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An advantage of the face-up method of crown-angle estimation is that it A. can be used with mounted diamonds B. can be used for several cutting styles C. can be performed with magnification D. is based on a view of the actual crown angle |
A. can be used with mounted diamonds |
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What is the crown height percentage of a diamond with crown angle of 32 degrees and a 60 percent table? A. 11.5 percent B. 12.5 percent C. 12.8 percent D. 13.7 percent |
B. 12.5 percent |
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An extremely thick girdle A. makes a stone easier to set B. creates an unattractive fish-eye effect C. reduces a stone's durability during normal wear D. adds weight without contributing to the stone's appearance |
D. adds weight without contributing to the stone's appearance |
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Most round brilliants have table percentages that range from about A. 35 to 40 percent B. 45 to 50 percent C. 55 to 65 percent D. 70 to 75 percent |
C. 55 to 65 percent |
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The crown angle is the angle formed by the girdle plane and the A. table B. star facets C. bezel facets D. upper half facets |
C. bezel facets |
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Calculate the total depth percentage of a diamond with the following dimensions: Depth: 4.70mm Average girdle diameter 6.54mm A. 71.0 percent B. 71.9 percent C. 72.0 percent D. 72.1 percent |
B. 71.9 percent |
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Calculate the table percentage of a round brilliant with the following measurements: Table measurements: 4.85mm, 4.85mm, 4.90mm, 4.95mm Minimum and maximum girdle diameters: 7.95mm, 8.07mm A. 59 percent B. 60 percent C. 61 percent D. 63 percent |
C. 61 percent |
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On a well-made diamond, the girdle will A. look like a knife edge B. have just enough thickness to prevent chipping C. show its reflection when viewed through the table D. increase the weight of the diamond without adding to its beauty |
B. have just enough thickness to prevent chipping |
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A weight-retention method that adjusts the angles of some facets to allow portions of a diamond's girdle to be thicker is called A. painting B. digging out C. brillianteering D. final polishing |
A. painting |
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When using the bowing method, star facets that reach one-third of the way toward the girdle make the lines appear
A. straight B. irregular C. to bow in D. to bow out |
D. to bow out |
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When using the ratio method for estimating table percentage, a 1:11/4 ratio indicates a table of approximately
B. 60 percent C. 65 percent D. 69 percent |
B. 60 percent |
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If a diamond's minimum girdle diameter is 4.63mm and its maximum girdle diameter is 4.65mm, then its average girdle diameter is
A. 4.625mm B. 4.630mm C. 4.635mm D. 4.640mm |
C. 4.635mm
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On a emerald-cut diamond, very narrow corners should be noted under A. finish, as a polishing detail B. finish, as a symmetry variation C. proportions, as a shape-appeal factor D. proportions, as a length-to-width ratio variations |
C. proportions, as a shape-appeal factor |
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Where on a fancy-cut diamond might multiple facet reflections make it most difficult to detect clarity characteristics? A. Belly B. Point C. Wing D. Shoulder |
B. Point |
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Calculate the length-to-width ratio of the following pear shape: Length: 7.51 mm Width: 5.19 mm A. 1.44:1 B. 1.45:1 C. 1.69:1 D. 1.70:1 |
B. 1.45:1 |
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Which of the following appears only on fancy cuts? A. Culet B. Girdle C. Keel line D. Upper half facets |
C. Keel lines |
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On a marquise-shaped, brilliant-cut diamond, pavillion-angle variations can result in A. a fisheye B. a bow-tie C. pavilion bulge D. dark areas under the points |
B. a bow-tie |
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On emerald cuts, differences in the angles of the rows of pavilion facets cause A. wide corners B. pavilion bulge C. a bow-tie effect D. a shortened culet |
B. pavilion bulge |
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Compared to round brilliants, one difference in the color-grading process for fancy-cut diamonds is the A. type of light B. viewing direction C. type of magnification D. shape of the masterstones |
B. viewing direction |
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Princess cuts are popular in jewelry designs that call for A. curved lines B. pave settings C. an antique look D. channel settings |
D. channel settings |
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The rounded end of a pear shaped stone is called the A. lobe B. apex C. head D. wing |
C. head |
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Excessive pavilion bulge on emerald cuts results A. excess weight B. increased beauty C. fewer setting problems D. unattractive length-to-width ratio |
A. excess weight |
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The slightly curved, central areas on the sides of some brilliant fancy cuts are called
B. bezels C. bellies D. centers |
C. bellies |
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To calculate the table percentage of a fancy shape, divide the table size by the stone's A. width B. length C. average diameter D. diagonal measurement |
A. width |
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When you judge a diamond's shape appeal, you consider A. its bulge factor B. its total depth percentage C. the symmetry of its corresponding parts D. whether or not its shape is graceful and pleasing |
D. whether or not its shape is graceful and pleasing |
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A gem with triangular and kite-shaped facets that radiate from its center toward its girdle is called a A. step cut B. mixed cut C. French cut D. brilliant cut |
D. brilliant cut |
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A faceting style that replaces the large bezel facets at the points of some diamonds with star and upper half facets is called
B. bezel tip C. French tip D. point facet |
C. French tip |
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A mounting makes it impossible to A. appraise a diamond B. accurately weigh a diamond C. estimate a diamond's proportions D. locate a diamond's clarity charactertistics |
B. accurately weigh a diamond |
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To see a diamond's clarity characteristics that might be hidden by prongs A. use reflections B. use soft, diffused lighting C. gently bend the prongs out of the way D. loo at the diamond in the face-up position |
A. use reflections |
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An improvable is a diamond that can be repolished to improve its clarity A. to Flawless B. from I3 to SI2 C. to VVS1 or VVS2 to Internally Flawless |
C. to VVS1 or VVS2 |
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When you color grade a mounted diamond A. always remove it from the mounting B. you have use mounted masterstones C. tilt the mounting and estimate color through a bezel facet D. hold its table beside the masterstone's table without letting the stones touch |
D. hold its table beside the masterstone's table without letting the stones touch |
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Accurate weight estimation of a mounted diamond requires A. a computer imaging system B. very little skill or experience C. careful measurement with a table guage D. making adjustments for proportion variations |
D. making adjustments for porportion variations |
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Which of the following requires the greatest adjustment to estimated weight? A. Thick girdle B. Long star facets C. Shallow pavilion D. Steep crown angles |
A. Thick girdle |
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When estimating the weight of very small diamonds, graders A. often use templates B. don't adjust for proportion variations C. use the same techniques as for larger diamonds D. must use more adjustment factors than for larger stones |
A. often use templates |
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Th ultimate recutting consideration is A. how badly the stone is damaged B. how much the color can be improved C. how much the clarity can be improved D. the potential value of the finished diamond |
D. the potential value of the finished diamond |
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A diamond's recut style is largely determined by
B. the cutter's favorite style C. which style is most in demand D. how many inclusions the cutter can remove |
A. its original cut |
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Calculate the estimated weight of a round brilliant with the following dimensions: Average Diameter: 7.25 mm Depth: 5.45 mm Girdle Thickness: Very Thick A. 1.83 cts B. 1.85 cts C. 1.88 cts D. 2.05 cts |
B. 1.85 cts |
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Calculate the estimated weight of a heart shaped brilliant with the following dimensions: Length: 5.58 mm Width: 5.51 mm Depth: 3.21 mm Girdle Thickness: Medium A. 0.51 ct B. 0.55 ct C. 0.58 ct D. 0.61 ct |
C. 0.58 ct |
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What is the correct adjustment factor to use when estimating the weight of an emerald-cut diamond with the following dimensions? Length: 8.40 mm Width: 5.59 mm Depth: 2.85 mm A. 0.0080 B. 0.0092 C. 0.0100 D. 0.0106 |
B. 0.0092 |
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To find the crown height percentage, you must know the crown angle and the A. table percentage B. average girdle diameter C. pavilion depth percentage D. girdle thickness percentage |
A. table percentage |
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The setting that makes it most difficult to estimate a stone's weight is a A. bezel setting with an open back B. bezel setting with a closed back C. six-prong setting with a closed back D. four-prong setting with an open back |
B. bezel setting with a closed back |
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The chart of weight adjustment factors begins to apply when the overall girdle thickness is rated as A. thin B. thick C. medium D. slightly thick |
D. slightly thick |
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Which of the following is a natural gem?
B. GGG C. Zircon D. Strontium titanate |
C. Zircon |
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Diamond imitations called "paste" are actually A. glass B. zircon C. synthetic spinel D. rock crystal quartz |
A. glass |
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Diamond simulants A. are always manmade B. only look like diamonds C. are the same as synthetic diamonds D. have the same properties as natural diamonds |
B. only look like diamonds |
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The thermal diamond tester helps separate diamond from most simulants because of diamond's excellent ability to A. reflect light B. refract light C. conduct heat D. conduct electricity |
C. conduct heat |
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The term "diamond simulant'
A. includes only manmade stones B. means the same as synthetic diamond C. refers to a stone with at least one property that's the same as diamond D. refers to a stone that looks like a diamond but has different optical, physical, and chemical properties |
D. refers to a stone that looks like a diamond but has different optical, physical, and chemical properties |
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Which diamond simulant shows noticeable doubling and strong fire? A. CZ B. Zircon C. Synthetic rutile |
C. Synthetic rutile |
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Which of the following typically has a waxy to granular girdle surface? A. CZ B. GGG C. Diamond D. Synthetic rutile |
C. Diamond |
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The easiest way to separate diamond from synthetic moissanite is by checking for A. doubling B. brilliance C. refractive index D. thermal conductivity |
A. doubling |
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The easiest way to separate diamond from synthetic cubic zirconia is by checking for A. fire B. doubling C. thermal conductivity D. Mohs scale hardness |
C. thermal conductivity |
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The easiest way to separate diamond from zircon is by checking for
B. see-through C. specific gravity D. refractive index |
D. refractive index |
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Which of the following properties is higher in GGG than in diamond? A. Doubling B. Dispersion C. Specific gravity D. Thermal conductivity |
C. Specific gravity |
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A diamond imitation that's foilbacked or composed of colorless led-glass might be called a A. zircon B. doublet C. synthetic D. rhinestone |
D. rhinestone |
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A stone formed by cementing two separate pieces of material together is called a A. doublet B. synthetic C. assembly D. construction |
A. doublet |
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All diamond simulants rank lower than diamond in A. hardness B. dispersion C. fluorescence D. specific gravity |
A. hardness |
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Some diamond simulants display "see-through" because, compared to diamond, they A. display less fire B. have lower hardness C. can't be polished as well D. have much larger critical angles |
D. have much larger critical angles |
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Synthetic diamond is a
B. manmade material that looks like diamond C. manmade material with essentially the same physical, chemical, and optical properties as natural diamond D. manmade material made primarily of carbon forming in a different crystal system than natural diamond |
C. manmade material with essentially the same physical, chemical, and optical properties as natural diamond |
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The use of synthetic diamonds in jewelry
A. is limited by high production costs B. makes up a substantial portion of the market C. is limited to fancy-colored melee, which is mostly synthetic D. is currently impossible because the synthetics are too highly included |
A. is limited by high production costs |
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Most synthetic gem-quality diamonds are
B. pink C. colorless D. yellow or brown |
D. yellow or brown |
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Which one of the following clarity characteristics might be found in a synthetic diamond? A. Xenocryst B. Metallic Flux C. Garnet crystal D. Diopside crystal |
B. Metallic Flux |
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Which one of the following is typical of the UV fluorescence of synthetic diamonds? A. Strong blue under both longwave and shortwave B. Blue under longwave and weak yellow under shortwave C. Strong yellow under longwave and none under shortwave D. Yellow to greenish yellow under both longwave and shortwave |
D. Yellow to greenish yellow under both longwave and shortwave |
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Which one of the following is used today to safely color-treat diamonds? A. X-rays B. Radium compound C. Ultraviolet radiation |
C. Ultraviolet radiation |
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GIA Laboratory and other gemological laboratories A. don't grade fracture-filled diamonds B. grade diamonds before they fracture fill them C. only treat diamonds with eye-visible feathers D. give fracture-filled diamonds grades that are one grade lower than they appear |
A. don't grade fracture-filled diamonds |
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Annealing irradiated diamonds can produce A. intense blue B. emerald green C. D-grade colorless D. brown, orange, or yellow |
D. brown, orange, or yellow |
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Annealed diamond color can change if it's exposed to A. ultraviolet rays in sunlight B. heat during routine repairs C. chlorine in swimming pools D. ammonia in cleaning solutions |
B. heat during routine repairs |
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The origin of the diamond's color A. can be determined using a DiamondSure B. cannot be determined for most diamonds C. should really be determined by a gemological laboratory D. can be easily determined with standard gemological equipment |
C. should really be determined by a gemological laboratory |
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Scientists succeeded in producing synthetic industrial diamonds for the first time in the A. 1800s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1990s |
C. 1950s |
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Which one of the following is an indication of HPHT treatment? A. Flash effect B. Hourglass graining C. Etched or frosted naturals D. Color zoning parallel to facet junctions |
A. Etched or frosted naturals |
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Laser drill-holes A. usually reduce the clarity grade B. don't need to be disclosed to the customers C. become permanent clarity characteristics D. aren't permanent, so major labs won't grade them |
C. become permanent clarity characteristics |
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Color-treating diamonds in a linear accelerator produces A. distinctive color zoning B. blue or blue-green colors C. usually green or dark green colors D. only shallow penetration of color |
B. blue or blue-green colors |
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The flash effect proves that a diamond A. is coated B. is irradiated C. is fracture-filled D. has undergone HPHT treatment |
C. is fracture-filled |
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A rapid and efficient way to sort large numbers of small, round diamonds is to use a(n) A. template B. sieve set C. electronic scale D. millimeter guage |
B. sieve set |
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In a good-quality pave-set ring, the diamonds will have matching girdle diameters, colors, and A. weights B. table sizes C. brand names D. clarity grades |
B. table sizes |
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A group of gems that's packaged together for sale or storage is called a A. parcel B. sight box C. matched set D. consignment |
A. parcel |
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A scoop is useful for A. sorting diamonds by color B. sorting diamonds by weight C. picking up groups of small gems D. measuring the diameters of small diamonds |
C. picking up groups of small gems |
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A sorting pad is a A. weighing device B. type of cleaning apparatus C. grooved, non reflective plastic tray D. clean and convenient paper surface for examining gems |
D. clean and convenient paper surface for examining gems |
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A grooved, white, non-reflective tray is used to
B. clarity grade VVS and VS stones C. hold stones in place while measuring D. prepare stones for ultrasonic cleaning |
A. match sets of stones |
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You should expect to pay more when you buy from a dealer A. on credit B. in parcels C. with cash D. in larch quantities |
A. on credit |
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Diamonds described as "thirds" typically range in weight from A. 0.25 to 0.30 ct B. 0.28 to 0.30 ct C. 0.30 to 0.33 ct D. 0.30 to 0.37 ct |
D. 0.30 to 0.37 ct |
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Dealers who buy diamonds on memo A. must belong to a dealers' association B. can keep stones until they are sold C. automatically get a 5 percent discount on the price D. have the opportunity to inspect stones before buying |
D. have the opportunity to inspect stones before buying |
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Published wholesale diamond price lists are A. sponsored by DeBeers B. valid for London and Antwerp only C. accurate reports of prices in most wholesale markets D. estimates of wholesale prices in a given market at a certain time. |
D. estimates of wholesale prices in a given market at a certain time |
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When you buy an entire parcel, you can expect to pay a A. lot price B. pick price C. memo price D. consignment price |
A. lot price |
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If a diamond weighs 0.76 ct and the per-carat weight is $4,100, how much does the diamond cost?
A. $3,116 B. $3,120 C. $4,000 D. $5,395 |
A. $3,116 |
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If a diamond weighs 1.83 cts and its price is $13, 725, what is its per-carat price? A. $750 B. $7,500 C. $13,725 D. $25,116 |
B. $7,500 |
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The main reason that dealers charge less when diamonds are paid for immediately is that
A. it simplifies their bookkeeping B. it reduces the likelihood of returned goods C. dealers like to boast their monthly sales figures D. dealers usually borrow money to finance their own purchases |
D. dealers usually borrow money to finance their own purchases |
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A knowledgeable, experienced, and successful diamond dealer or manufacturer is called a(n) A. sorter B. manager C. auctioneer D. diamantaire |
D. diamantaire |
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If a diamond's pavilion depth percentage is 39.0 percent with no culet facet, its pavilion angle is approximately A. 37.8 degrees B. 38.0 degrees C. 38.4 degrees D. 38.8 degrees |
B. 38.0 degrees |
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As a diamond's pavilion gets deeper, its table reflection becomes A. larger B. lighter C. smaller D. more difficult to see |
A. larger |
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If a diamond's culet is too large, it will look like A. a small cavity B. an indented natural C. a fuzzy, white speck D. a black spot under the table |
D. a black spot under the table |
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Which of the following pavilion depth percentages would most likely cause the girdle reflection to be visible face-up through the table? A. 37.0% B. 42.0% C. 45.0% D. 48.0% |
A. 37.0% |
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The care that goes into the fashioning of a polished diamond, as confimred by its finish, is its A. cut B. shape C. polish D. craftmanship |
D. craftmanship |
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Lower half facet length is expressed as a percentage of the A. girdle-to-culet distance B. table-to-culet distance C. girdle-to-girdle distance D. lower half facet-to-culet distance |
A. girdle-to-culet distance |
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The purpose of the culet facet is to A. prevent chipping B. improve symmetry C. maximize brilliance D. maximize light leakage |
A. prevent chipping |
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The proportions that play the biggest role in determining a round brilliant diamond's brightness are table percentage, crown angle, and A. culet size B. pavilion angle C. crown height percentage D. girdle thickness percentage |
B. pavilion angle |
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Calculate an estimated girdle thickness percentage for the following stone: Total depth percentage: 62.8% Crown height percentage: 15.5% Pavilion depth percentage: 45.5% A. 1.0% B. 1.5% C. 1.8% D. 2.5% |
C. 1.8% |
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Culet size should be considered when determining A. polish B. clarity C. symmetry D. pavilion depth percentage |
D. pavilion depth percentage |
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Which of the following is part of an evaluation of symmetry? A. Scratch B. Natural C. Rough girdle D. Laser manufacturing remnant |
B. Natural |
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A diamond with variations in alignment probably also has A. polish lines B. misshapen facets C. a low clarity grade D. an out of round girdle outline |
B. misshapen facets |
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A diamond with a thick girdle, steep crown, or deep pavilion represents poor value because A. it doesn't look attractive B. it can't be set into a jewelry piece C. it appears smaller face-up than its weight suggests D. its proportions create durability problems in the polished stone |
C. it appears smaller face-up than its weight suggests |
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A diamond's physical shape, including its proportions and durability, determined by decisions made during the fashioning process, is its A. finish B. polish C. design D. brilliance |
C. design |
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Most diamonds have some symmetry variations A. that affect the value of the stone B. but they rarely affect appearance C. that appear both obvious and distracting D. bu they don't need to be evaluated when grading |
B. but they rarely affect appearance |
