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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antacids MOA
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Weak bases that neutralize acid, increasing the pH of the stomach (does not reduce secretion)
decreased ability to convert pepsinogen to pepsin due to high pH bind phosphate and prevent absorption |
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Antacids Adverse Effects
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most people do not absorb antacids, but patients with kidney failure will -> increased cations
calcium cations - constipation aluminum antacids - constipation magnesium - diarrhea |
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Antacids Therapeutic Use
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Hyperacid states: heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach
GERD Hyperphosphatemia - prevent phosphate urinary stones calcium supplement to prevent osteoporosis |
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How do can you reduce the diarrhea side effects of magnesium antacids
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combine with calcium or aluminum
malox = magnesium + aluminum antacid |
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Milk Alkali Syndrome
what is it? cause? |
side effects of antacids,
symptoms: uremia, calcinosis, hypercalcemia + others due to drinking lots of milk with antacids -> hypercalcinemia, renal failure |
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Aluminum Antacid Adverse Effects
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if use in renal failure patients - absorb too much aluminum cation
Encephalopathy seizures, myoclonus conusion, coma death dialysis dementia phosphorus depletion syndrome - aluminum binds phosphate - hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, bone pain, weakness Bezoar |
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Bezoar
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concretion in the stomach - antacid tables stick together to form a gastric drug mass
obstruction |
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Phosphate depletion syndrome - symptoms
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hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, bone pain, weakness
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Calcium Antacid Adverse Effects
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in renal patients
hypercalcemia |
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Magnesium Antacid Adverse Effects
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in renal patients
hypermagnesemia |
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Antacid drug interactions
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decreases absorption of some drugs - itraconzaole
alkalinize the urine enhances effects of amphetamine increased elimination of lithium, salicylate |
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Cimetidine
Ranitidine |
H2 receptor antagonist - inhibits gastric acid secretion
for ulcers, duodenitis, esophagitis, GERD |
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Cimetidine vs Ranitidine
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Ranitidine does not inhibit CYP 450
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ranitidine adverse effects
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increases gastric pH -> decreased absorption of cehalosporins, itraconazole, ketoconazole
decreased warfarin metabolism |
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omeprazole MOA
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proton pump inhibitor
inhibits acid secretion - basal and stimulated secretion 1. enters parietal cells 2. becomes protonated -> activated and trapped -> accumulation 3. irreversibly inhibits proton pump H/K+ ATPase |
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True or False: Omeprazole reduces colonization of H. pylori
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True - used in drug regimens to eradicate H Pylori
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Omeprezole Metabolism
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Asians are slow metabolizers
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True or False: PPI are the most effective at healing ulcers and reducing acid
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True
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Omeprezole Adverse Effects
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Vit B12 deficiency - after long term therapy
diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache |
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misoprostol MOA
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Prostaglandin E1 analog which is de-esterified to MISOPROSTOL ACID
similar to mifepristone - also like mifepristone can cause abortion 1. inhibits pariietal cells by inhibiting nocturnal and food stimulated secretion 2. enhances mucosal defense |
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misprostol theraputic uses
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NSAID induced gastric ulcer
Abortion Cervical ripening |
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misoprostal adverse effects
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pregnancy category X - dont give to pregnant women
unterine contraction, bleeding, rupture |
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misoprostal drug interactions
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magnesium antacids - diarrhea
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