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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Is watery diarrhea invasine or non-invasive and is it toxin mdiated or not. do you produce inflam?
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watery diarrhea is non-invasive toxin mediated diarrhea that does not have inflam
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is bloody dirrhea invasive? inflam? PMNs in stool?
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bloody diarrhea is invasive with inflam and have PMN in stool. May appear mucusy
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somone comes to you with bloody diarrhea and history of raw beef, petting zoo, or unpasturized milk you should think
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EHEC
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Is EIEC invasive or non-invasive?
motile? |
EIEC is invasive and non-motile
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What organisms produce shig or shiga like toxin?
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shigella dystenteri and EHEC
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What is the mechanism that EIEC enters the cell?
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type 3 secretion
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can EIEC escape macrophages?
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yes
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what does EIEC assemble to migrate?
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actin tails
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If say they have diarrhea that is cranberry sauce red you think...
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EHEC
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what are some places EHEC might come from?
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petting zoos, farms, milk, cattle feces, unpasturized cider
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Is EHEC invasive?
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no
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How does EHEC attatch to cells?
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forms actin pedastool (like EPEC)
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does EHEC lead to bacteremia?
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no (non-invasive)
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what strain of EHEC produces shiga like toxin?
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0157 H7
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what problem is 0157 H7 EHEC associated with?
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HUS
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what 2 organisms can induce HUS?
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0157 H7 EHEC and s dysenteriae
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what organ is damaged in HUS?
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kidney
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How does shigella toxin cause problems?
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inactivates 60s subunit and causes the accumulation of misfolded proteins and thus apop
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how does cholera toxin cause death?
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ADP-ribosylates GS-alpha
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What is the leading cause of ARF in children?
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HUS (0157 H7 associated)
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What are some findings that would lead you to HUS
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ARF, presence of 0157 H7, TTP, MAHA
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what is the primary target in HUS
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renal microvasculature
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why do you get TTP?
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platlet consumption occurs due to multiple thrombi in the renal microvasculature
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what bug can mimick appendicitis and can spread to liver and spleen absesses?
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Y.enterocolitica
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Y. Entercolitiica is associated with umpasturized cheese in northern europe and canada (just read)
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Blank
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what sea food is V. parahemolytica associated with?
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shell fish.
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does V. parahemolyticus prod cholera toxin?
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no
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where is the highest incidence of V. paraheomolyticus infections?
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japan
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are v. parahemolticus invasive?
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no
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What is the only vibro species that produces cholera toxin?
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V. cholera
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the virulent factor of v. paraheolyticus able to do?
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lyse RBC
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What bacteria is halophilic and causes heolytic activity?
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V.parahemolytia
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how doesv parahemolyticus damage RBC?
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forms pores in the membrane
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describe C. jejuni
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gram - facultative anaerobe that has a polar flagella
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what are the 2 organisms that are considered the leading cause of acute diarrhea in the US?
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1. campylobater
2. salmonella |
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what is the most common casue of inflam enteritis in the US?
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viruses
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How do you encounter campylobacter jejuni?
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infected food or water
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where in a human does campylobacter multiply?
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small intestine
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is bacterimia and septic arthritis a possible consequence of campylobacter infection?
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yes
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What bacteria is found to preceed gillian-barre syndrome?
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campylobacter
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what is gillian-barre syndrome?
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peripheral neuropathy that starts distal and works it way medial. due to peripheral demylination
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Does C.difficile form spores?
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yes
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what are the 2 gram + spore forming bacteria?
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C. diffucil and B.cereus
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what is the main diff between C. difficile and B. cereus?
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C. difficel is anaerobic and B. cerecus is aerobic
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What organism is associated with psuedomembranous collitis?
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C. difficile
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when do you start to see psudomembranous collitis?
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7-10 days after the start of an ABX (BSA)
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describe c. difficile
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gram + bacillus that is an obligate anaerobe and a spore former
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what is the leading casue of nosocomial diarrhea?
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C. difficile
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what are the 2 toxins that C. difficile produces?
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Toxin A and B
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which toxin produced by C. diffucile causes fluid accumulation?
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toxin A
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what is the pathogenesis to the toxins A and B that C. difficle produces?
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toxin A binds to gp96 that leads to loss of tight junctions. this allows toxin B to get to the basolateral aspect and enter to cause apop
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Besides the loss of tight junctions, what else does Toxin A from C.difficile do?
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causes the release of substance P and other neuropeptides to be released and these cause in chloride secretions and water loss
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What inflam cells aid in the production of psudomembrane in psudeomembrane collitis?
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PMN and monocytes
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