Gi Infections Ii

Front 1

a. Where does a periodontal abscess form?

Back 1

i. Along the tooth root

Front 2

b. Where does a dentoalveolar abscess form?

Back 2

i. End of tooth root

Front 3

c. How can you judge between periodontal abscess vs. dentoalveolar abscess?

Back 3

i. Periodontal disease+localized pain over one tooth=periodontal abscess
ii. Lungs in good shape+filling with a cap/crown/caries=dentalalveolar abscess

Front 4

d. What causes a dentoalveolar abscess?

Back 4

i. Polymicrobial
ii. Anaerobes very important

Front 5

e. What causes a periodontal abscess?

Back 5

i. Polymicrobial process

Front 6

f. What are the manifestions of dentoalveolar/periodontal abscesses?

Back 6

i. Pain in and around affected tooth
ii. Tapping tooth causes pain
iii. Swelling of the face over the abscess site

Front 7

g. What type of abscess is an extension of dental caries?

Back 7

i. Dentoalveolar abscess

Front 8

h. What is a secondary site for dentoalveolar abscess presentation?

Back 8

i. Gums along tooth

Front 9

i. Can you have a periodontal abscess with periodontal disease?

Back 9

i. NO
ii. NO
iii. NO

Front 10

a. What is Ludwig’s angina?

Back 10

i. Cellulitis of the sublingual and submaxillary spaces

Front 11

b. What is the progression of Ludwig’s angina?

Back 11

i. Rapidly fatal without treatment

Front 12

c. What are some predisposing factors for Ludwig’s angina?

Back 12

i. Dental caries
ii. Recent dental treatment
iii. Sickle cell disease
iv. UC
v. Trauma
vi. Tongue piercing

Front 13

d. What does foul breath with Ludwig’s angina indicate?

Back 13

i. More likely to be caused by anaerobes

Front 14

e. What causes Ludwig’s angina?

Back 14

i. Streptococcus
ii. Bacteroides
iii. Fusobacterium
iv. S. aureus

Front 15

f. What are the symptoms of Ludwig’s angina?

Back 15

i. Severely ill/fever
ii. Severe dysphagia
iii. Trismus
iv. Sitting upright
v. Drooling/dysphonia
vi. Swelling and erythema of neck under chin

Front 16

g. What will you see in relationship to the tongue with Ludwig’s angina?

Back 16

i. Floor of mouth tender to touch
ii. Pain on movement of tongue
iii. Tongue moved up and backwards

Front 17

h. What can happen to the airway in Ludwig’s angina?

Back 17

i. Acute airway closure can occur at any time
ii. Sitting up to avoid airway closure

Front 18

i. How do you Dx Ludwig’s angina?

Back 18

i. Clinical presentation
ii. CT scan
iii. Blood cultures

Front 19

a. What is stomatitis?

Back 19

i. Inflammation of the mucosal surface of the mouth and tongue

Front 20

b. What can cause stomatitis?

Back 20

i. HSV 1 and 2
ii. C. albicans

Front 21

a. What is the incubation of oral herpes?

Back 21

i. 2-12 days

Front 22

b. What is the duration of oral herpes?

Back 22

i. 2-3 weeks

Front 23

c. What is the clinical presentation of oral herpes?

Back 23

i. Fever, malaise, muscle aches, irritability
ii. Pain and burning at infection site
iii. Clusters of blisters erupt
iv. Blister breakdown form small shallow gray ulcers on a red base

Front 24

d. What are the manifestations of oral herpes?

Back 24

i. Painful sores
ii. Cervical LAD

Front 25

e. Where do herpetic lesions occur?

Back 25

i. Lips
ii. Gums
iii. Front of tongue
iv. Inside of cheeks
v. Throat
vi. Roof of mouth

Front 26

f. How serious are recurrent episodes of oral herpes? Where do they occur?

Back 26

i. Not as serious as original infection
ii. Usually seen on the lips and face→ NOT in the mouth

Front 27

g. How do you Dx herpes?

Back 27

i. Clinically
ii. Culture for virus
iii. Serology
iv. Tzanck test

Front 28

a. What are the 3 types of candidiasis?

Back 28

i. Pseudomembranous→ thrush
ii. Erythematous
iii. Hyperplastic (leukoplakia)

Front 29

b. What is the duration of thrush?

Back 29

i. Acute

Front 30

c. What is the duration of erythematous candidiasis?

Back 30

i. Acute and chronic

Front 31

d. What is the duration of hyperplastic leukoplakia?

Back 31

i. Chronic

Front 32

e. What is the presentation of acute pseudomembranous candidiasis?

Back 32

i. Creamy-white plaques
ii. Mucosal cells, neutrophils, yeast cells

Front 33

f. What can happen if the pseudomembrane in thrush is removed?

Back 33

i. Leave behind inflamed base that may be painful and may bleed

Front 34

g. What is the manifestation of erythematous candidiasis?

Back 34

i. Red areas of varying sizes
ii. Any part of oral mucosa
iii. On tongue, fiery red and shiny with depapillation

Front 35

h. What is one population that is traditionally affected by erythematous candidiasis?

Back 35

i. Denture wearers

Front 36

i. What is the manifestation of hyperplastic candidiasis?

Back 36

i. Individual lesion of cheek near commissure, angles of mouth, or on tongue
ii. Homogeneous or speckled areas
iii. Can become malignant

Front 37

j. How can you differentiate between pseudomembranous and hyperplastic candidiasis?

Back 37

i. Hyperplastic cannot be rubbed off; pseudomembranous can be

Front 38

k. How is candidiasis contracted?

Back 38

i. Birth canal
ii. From saliva

Front 39

l. How do you Dx candidiasis?

Back 39

i. Swab lesions for culture
ii. Stain for yeast cells
iii. Biopsy hyperplasia for histology

Front 40

m. What type of candidiasis may require surgery?

Back 40

i. Hyperplastic→ if malignant

Front 41

a. Where is oral hairy leukoplakia found?

Back 41

i. Lateral borders of tongue

Front 42

b. What populations are at risk for OHL?

Back 42

i. UC
ii. Those with malignant tumors
iii. Organ transplant recipients

Front 43

c. What can cause HOL?

Back 43

i. EBV

Front 44

d. How can you Dx OHL?

Back 44

i. Clinically
ii. Scrape for Cowdry A bodies

Front 45

a. What is angular cheilitis?

Back 45

i. Inflammation of the angles of the mouth

Front 46

b. What causes angular cheilitis?

Back 46

i. C. albicans

Front 47

c. What does yellow crusting in angular cheilitis stand for?

Back 47

i. Etiologic agent is S. aureus

Front 48

d. How do you Dx angular cheilitis?

Back 48

i. Clinically
ii. Swab and culture