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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Secretin
secreted by? activated by? |
secreted by S cells in duodenum
activated by acid or fatty acids in duodenum secretes bicarb to neutralize acid and let pancreatic enzymes work |
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Somatostatin
secreted by? Vagal stimulation causes what? |
secreted by D cells in pancreas and GI mucosa
inhibits everything vagal stimulation decreases somatostatin |
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GIP
secreted by? released in response to? |
K cells in duodenum
released in response to fatty acids, amino acids or ORAL GLUCOSE |
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CCK
secreted by? released in response to? action? |
secreted by I cells in duodenum
released in response to fatty or amino acids It stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes |
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Gastrin
secreted by? released in response to? |
Secreted by G-cells in antrum of stomach
released in response to amino acids and peptides |
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Which amino acids specifically stimulate gastrin release?
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Phenylalanine and Tryptophan
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GIP - which is used more rapidly an oral dose or an IV dose?
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oral
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VIP
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increases water and electrolyte secretion
relaxes smooth muscle and sphincters |
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VIPoma stems from what cell line?
classic symptoms? |
Neither the alpha or beta pancreatic cells, yet it is a pancreatic tumor. It is associated with the MEN I syndrome.
massive watery diarrhea leads to loss of electrolytes. Hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia though. |
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hormone implicated with the etiology of achalasia
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loss of NO secretion. NO normally relaxes smooth muscle.
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Cause of achalasia(primary and secondary)
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loss of myenteric plexus
T. Cruzi infection causing Chagas. |
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Direct vs Indirect inguinal hernia
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MD's don't LIe
Medial to inferior epigastric is a Direct hernia Lateral to inferior epigastric is a Indirect hernia |
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What artery distinguishes direct/indirect hernia?
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Inferior epigastric
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layers of spermatic cord are an extension of which muscles/fascia?
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Transversalis fascia - Internal Oblique - External Oblique
Internal Spermatic Fascia - Cremasteric Muscle/Fascia - External Spermatic Fascia |
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The femoral sheath lacks what structure?
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femoral nerve.
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growth in bile, but not 6.5% NaCl
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Strep Bovis
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growth in bile, AND 6.5% NaCl
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Enterococci faecium and faecalis
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Superficial Inguinal node drains...
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everything below the umbilicus(except posterior calf/below pectinate)
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non-painful hemorrhoids
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internal
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painful hemorrhoids
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external
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