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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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serotypes 01: El Tor and Classical (has more endotoxin)
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Vibrio Cholera
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diagnose by fecal culture on alkaline peptone w/ TCBS
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Vibrio Cholera
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2-3 day incubation, vomitting, abdominal distension, and watery diarrhea (short lasting)
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Vibrio Cholera or EPEC (less profuse)
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diarrhea mainly in children
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Vibrio Cholera, Rotavirus, EPEC
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toxins: heat labile LT(increases cAMP), and heat stable ST (increases cGMP)
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ETEC
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Enterobacteria include: (3)
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E coli, Shigella, Salmonella spp.
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Diagnosis for ETEC
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culture on MacConkey agar, ELISA to detect LT toxin
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anaerobic GN comma shaped bacteria with a flagella- halophilic
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Vibrio parahemolyticus
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A family had oysters for dinner and a day later had severe cramping and watery diarrhea
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likely Vibrio parahemolyticus
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fimbriae- ETEC or EPEC?
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ETEC- essential for attachment
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Treatment for Giardia
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Quinacrine or Metranidazole
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small infective dose (3)
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Giardia (10-25 cysts), Shigella (10-100), Campylobacter (500)
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especially worse in immunocompromised (severe or chronic)
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Giardia, Shigella, Cryptosporidium, Rotavirus,
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resevoir of cryptosporidium
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calves and other farm animals
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Farmer with AIDS comes in with chronic diarrhea
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maybe Cryptosporium parvum
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A girl ate fresh strawberries then a week later had fever, malaise, 3-4 days later she had diarrhea, vomitting, and weight loss THEN intermittent diarrhea over the course of a month
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Cyclospora cayetenensis
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incubation and duration of Giardia
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1-2 week incubation, 7-10 day duration
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VP4 and VP7 determine epitopes for viral neutralization
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Rotavirus
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Structures of Rotavirus vs. Norovirus, vs. Adenovirus
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Rotavirus- dsRNA, segmented, nonenveloped Norovirus- RNA,32 calices in EM, Adenovirus- DNA, nonenveloped
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causes 50% of gastroenteritis cases in US
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Norovirus
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diagnosis made by clinical signs: child with watery diarrhea with no leukocytes, vomitting, and HIGH fever
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Rotavirus
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happens on cruise ships
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Norovirus
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viral infxn with longer and less severe diarrhea
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adenovirus- lasts up to 2 weeks
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reason for diarrhea in virus
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inflammotory response shortens microvilli of intestine
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O and H antigens
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Salmonella
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attach to ileal epithelium via specific adhesions to mannose-containing receptors
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Salmonella typhi
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