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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percentage of older adults take Rx medications? |
94% |
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What percentage of older adults take OTC |
46% |
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What percentage of older adults take supplements? |
53% |
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Most common Rx meds in older ? |
CV, diuretics, nonopioid analgesics, anticoagulants, antiepileptics |
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Most Common OTC Medication in older people? |
GI, analgesics, cough products, eye washes, vitamins
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Must enter blood stream to be effective (usually)Time fromadmin to entry to blood stream
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Absorption |
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IV ?
IM, ID, Rectal, eyes, SL, Transdermal? PO/Enteral? Transdermal ? |
- immediate
– Quicker -More constant and controlled in older. Bypass first pass effect - slower (Skin changes may effect ) |
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Blood circulation take medication to the site |
Distribution |
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What are the high blood flow organs? |
Kidney, Liver, Lung, Brain |
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What disease might effect the flow of medication through the blood ?> |
PVD |
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What are low blood flow organs? |
Muscle, Skin, Fat |
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Half Life? |
Time it take 50% of the medication to become inactive
Often slowed in older |
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Both foods and herbs not regulated may be mixed with other substances |
Teas |
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True / False : Consumption of more than recommended amounts of certain teas may cause illness or death |
True |
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Usually taken in tea form |
Chamomile |
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What is chamomile used for? |
Anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic |
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Use _______ in caution with clients who report allergies to ragweed, aster, chrysanthemums |
Chamomlie |
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Used for cold and flu therapy Taken in a tea form, but can be used as tincture |
Echinacea (Sampson Root/Purple Cone flower) |
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Thought to protect against stroke and atherosclerosis |
Garlic (lower lipid levels) |
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Used associated with decreased blood clots by keeping platelets from sticking together |
Garlic |
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No standard dose or accepted standard for which form is best (oil, powder, deodorized extract) |
Garlic |
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False INR Reading May improve cognitive function associated with mild or moderate memory impairment Will not help mental ability |
Ginkgo Biloba |
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Improves well being and helps with stress adaptation |
Ginseng |
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Used orally for glaucoma and as an anti inflammatory and antiarthritic |
Glucosamine Sulfate |
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Same brand Different Forms Allergic certain plants you could be allergic to herbs as well |
Glucosamine Sulfate |
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CHF and Coronary Circulation |
Hawthorn |
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Anti-Statin effect Lowers Cholesterol and LDL-C Potential alternative for patients who cannot tolerate stains |
Red Yeast Rice |
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Side effects of Red Yeast Rice |
muscle pain. kidney damage, heart burn, bloating, gas, dizziness, asthma, |
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when should you take red yeast rice |
dinner and breakfast |
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Used to treat moderated depression and seasonal effective disorders |
St. john's wort |
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Contrindicated with other antidepressants SSRI |
St. John Wort |
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May have antiviral effect |
ST. John Wort |
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Decrease DIG levels and increase blood level of indinavir (HIV ) |
St, John Wort |
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Pt have hay fever while taking st john wort |
compare b/p and baseline b/p |
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BPH |
Saw Palmetto |
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What herb is used to treat HTN |
Hawthorn |
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what are the poplar herbs for GI disorders? |
Psyllium calcium cranberry probiotics |
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what herb is used by older patients with dementia because it increases blood supply to the brain ? |
Ginkgo- improves memory and attention (Alzheimer's Disease ) |
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HTN and excessive bleeding increase changes for interactions to occur True/FAlse |
True |
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What are the herbs that effect bleeding? *note these drugs and report them to the surgical team asap |
garlic ginger ginkgo ginseng |
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__________ can increase sedative effect of anesthetics and should be discontinued at least ____ days before surgery |
St. John Wort's/ 5 |
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what are hawthorn side effects? |
Vertigo and dizziness |
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what are the side effect of st. john worts |
photo sensitivity, dermatitis, GI upset, restlessness anxiety, headache |
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how long should someone wait after discontinuing SSRI before beginning SJW? |
2 weeks |
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fruit bearing palm tree |
saw palmetto |
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known to assist the older clients with constipation is used as a bulk laxative and may assist with IBS |
Psyllium |
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____ emphasizes regular physical activity |
Modified My Pyramid for older adults |
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what is the key factor in maintaining the health of the older adults? |
Adequate nutrition |
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___________ is an important factor in delaying onset and managing chronic illness associated with aging |
Adequate Diet |
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Fat % |
25-35 |
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Carbs % |
45-65 |
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Protein % |
10-35 |
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Fiber % |
increase 14 grams per 1,000 calories |
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Intake often inadequate May prevent Constipation |
Fiber |
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what are some types of fiber foods? |
whole grain oatmeal crackers pasta brown rice |
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what are types of protein foods? |
dried peas Eggs milk canned beans peanut butter cheese salmon/sardines/tuna |
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older women may need huge amount of ______ to protect against bones disorders leading to osteoporosis |
calcium |
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what are calcium type of foods? |
Tofu ALL cheese except COTTAGE All greens (turnip, mustard, collard) (NO SPINACH) Sardines Some MILK |
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DONT EAT ANYTHING RAW |
INCLUDING MILK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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What are the risk for obesity? |
Decreased physical activity Loss of estrogen women Loss of GH in men HypOthyroidism HypOthalamic tumors Glucocorticoid therapy |
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Ways to prevent obesity ? |
Walk programs No weight loss drugs (cause soft stool decease absorption of vitamins) |
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What are the risk factor for malnutrition? |
Medications Depression Medical Conditions |
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Malnutrition increase risk of : |
infection pressure ulcer anemia hip fractures hypotension impaired cognition increased morbidity and mortality |
