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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Erastotheres
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- Measured Earth's circumference
- He did it by observing the sun from 2 points of Egypt |
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Cosmic Address
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- Earth
- Earth Moon - Solar System - Milky Way - Local group - Local supercluster - Galaxy - Galaxy cluster - Cluster of Clusters |
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Babylonians
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- Angular Measurement
- Could predict Eclipse - Discovered Soras Cycle - Discovered Retrograde Motion |
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Pythagoreans
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- Roundness of the earth
- Celestial Sphere - Curvature of the moon terminator |
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Philolaus
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Counter-earth
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Eudoxus
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- Says planets attracted to concentric spherical shells
- There are 3 shells - Moon = 24 hours, 27.3 days, Soras cycle (18 years) |
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Aristotle
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- Discovered Uniform Circular motion
- changeless - Celestial Realm - No new phenomenon - Celestial Sphere |
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Aristotle
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- Discovered Uniform Circular motion
- changeless - Celestial Realm - No new phenomenon - Celestial Sphere *Earth's Motion - No observed stellar parallax - 1) earth does not move ~ Aristotle (Wrong) - 2) Stars are too far away ~ Aristoarchus (Right) |
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Aristarchus
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- First heliocentric view of the solar system
- Measured the relative sizes of the moon and the sun - Moon is 60 Earth Radii away - Earth is 3.5x bigger than the moon |
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Hipparchus
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- Discovered the precession of the equinoxes
- Introduced Magnitude scale (-1,0,+1) the more negative the brighter, the more positive the darker |
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Ptalemy
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- Final Geocentric Model
- Epicycle = Retrograde Motion - Eccentric Defferent - Abandoned Uniform Motion |
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Copernicus
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* - Heliocentric Model
- Retained Uniform Circular - Earth's orbits sun in a year - Earth rotates in 24 hours |
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Simplicity
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- Explained correctly retrograde motion
- Explained motion of Mercury to Venus |
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Tycho Brake
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- 1572 proved the heavens change by proving the supernova was further than the moon
- 20 years of precise measurement of planetary motion |
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Kepler's Law of planetary motion
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1) Elliptical orbits
2) Equal area/ Equal times - Planets move faster when they are closer to the sun 3) p^2 = A^3, P = orbital period(Years), A = Average Distance (A.U.) |
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Galileo
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- First telescopic observations
MOON: craters, mountains, lumpy surface (not a perfect sphere) SUN: sun spots, measured suns rotation = 30 days MILKYWAY: lots of faint stars JUPITER: 4 galilean moons (Mini solar system) VENUS: complete set of phrases, proved Venus orbits the sun |
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Neuton's Law
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1) Innertia: if there is no force then there is no accerlation
2) Force Law: F=Ma...weight = mg 3) Action/Reacion Law: Equal opposite forces |
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Kepler's Law
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1) Orbital Shapes
- Circular, Ellipse (Bound) - Parabola, Hyperbola (Unbound) 2) Conservation of Angular Momentum 3) You can't weigh stars and planets |
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Tidal Effect
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- Earth's day is getting longer
- Moon is drifting further away - Lunar month is getting longer - Moon keeps same face pointing at us because of spint-orbit coupling (tidal locking) - Maybe one day earth and moon will reach complete spin - orbit coupling |
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Light
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- Waves and particles
- Wave: Wave length Frequency Amplitude |
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Law of Thermal Radiation
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1) Stefan - Boltzman law
2) Weiner's Law |
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Kirchoff's Law
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1) Continuous
2) Emission 3) Absorption - Spectra: Composition Temperature Pressure Motion |
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Doppler Shift
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Redshift - motion away
Blueshift - Motion towards Larger Shift - Bigger Velocity |
